Country Report Myanmar

Transcription

1 Regional Expert Workshop on Land Accounting for SDG Monitoring and Reporting Bangkok, Thailand September 2017 Country Report Myanmar Mrs. Khin Swe Latt Director Central Statistical Organization

2 Outlines Environmental concerns Approach Results Challenges Policy applications Further work

3 Environmental concerns National Constitution (2008): The Union shall protect and conserve natural environment Every citizen has the duty to assist the Union in carrying out the environment conservation Environmental Policy 1994 To harmonize and balance between these through the integration of environmental considerations into the development process to enhance the quality of the life of all its citizens. It is the responsibility of the State and every citizen to preserve its natural resources in the interest of present and future generation. Political guidance: Environmental sustainability as a key prerequisite for sustainable economic development. National Vision: To achieve harmony and balance between people, cultural heritage, environment and natural resources through the integration of environmental considerations into the development process to enhance the quality of life of all citizens.

4 Vision of Myanmar NSDS Wellbeing and Happiness for Myanmar People 3 Goals Sustainable Management of Natural Resources Integrated Economic Development Sustainable Social Development Environmental Issues Economic Issues Social Issues Way Forward Environmental Perspective (42 Indicators) Economic Perspective (62 Indicators) Social Perspective (24 Indicators) NSDS-National Sustainable Development Strategy

5 SDGs Indicators Availability Among SDG Indicators including split indicators, 61% is available for Myanmar (36% from National ad 65% from International sources ) Least available indicators are form Goal 13 (30%) and 14 (37.5%) Most available indicators are from Goal 8 (85%) Currently unavailable indicators form national sources are from Goal 6, 12 and 14 and most of them are from Environment Sector. No % Official SDG Indicator % Indicators after splitting 321 Indicators described in Baseline Report % Indicators by National Sources 71 36% Indicators by International Sources % Rephrased Indicator 22 11%

6 What does the environmental accounting mean to CSO? Environmental statistics are important because they can support management of the environment, which provides goods and services that are essential for human well-being and development of our country. In Myanmar, environment statistics are fragmented because they are produced by many government agencies and thus require standardization. The SNA describes the economic state of a nation in terms of monetary transactions between parties in the economy, and the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA) (UNSD 2014a, 2014b) has been developed by the international community to complement the more traditional accounting of the System of National Accounts (SNA) (UNSD 2009) by adding environmental information. CSO is trying her best to improve the expertise of the CSO personnel in the collection, organization, analysis, integration and dissemination of complex data including environmental accounting. Also playing the role of a focal agency to report SDGs monitoring since the environmental economic accounts are required to provide information to contribute to government policy and management under the internationally adopted Sustainable Development Goals (UNDP 2015). And acts as the national statistical coordinator for the development of statistics and the secretary of the national level statistical coordination committee CDAQS( Committee for the Data Accuracy and Quality of ) patronaged by the Vice President II.

7 Environmental Accounting and Environmental SEEA-CF (Central Framework) SEEA Water; SEEA Energy; SEEA Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries SEEA-EEA (Experimental Ecosystem Accounting) FDES (Framework for the Development of Environment ) Assets Physical flows Monetary flows Add sector detail Adds spatial detail and ecosystem perspective Basic statistics for above plus Minerals & Energy, Land, Timber, Soil, Water, Aquatic, Other Biological Materials, Energy, Water, Emissions, Effluents, Wastes Protection expenditures, taxes & subsidies As above for Water Energy Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries Extent, Condition, Ecosystem Services, Carbon, Water, Biodiversity Extreme events and disasters Human settlements and health Protection, management & engagement Land Accounting Country Report by Micheal Bordt (UNESCAP)

8 Prioritzation of development of Environmental statistics

9 Prioritzation of development of Environmental Priority concerns (from ADB Myanmar Environmental Performance Review 2012) Related accounts and statistics Related SDGs 1. Forest degradation 3. Land degradation Land Asset Account Ecosystem Account (Extent) 2. Water resources and quality Water Account (Asset; Supply /Use)Ecosystem Account (Water) 4. Climate change Energy Account Ecosystem Account (Carbon) 15 Life on Land 6 Water 14 Life on Water 7 Energy 13 Climate 5. Solid waste management Solid Waste Account 11 Urban 12 Consumption 6. Biodiversity loss Ecosystem Account (Biodiversity) 14 Oceans 15 Life on Land 7. Impacts of mining on the environment statistics Land Asset Account Ecosystem Account (Condition) 15 Life on Land

10 Prioritization Criteria - Urgent / important policy needs (e.g. natural disasters, environmental conservation, development planning) - Reporting requirements (e.g. SDGs) - Technical capacity (e.g. areas where data is already collected / available) With these prioritization criteria, the Environmental Cluster decided to started a work plan with Forest Accounts with the help of WWF and UNESCAP.

11 Development Phases Myanmar NSDS Phase One: Set up of institutional structures and coordination bodies for development of NSDS Phase Two: Assessment of Statistical System. Outline and draft of core strategies, with a focus on strategic directions and activities (NSDS Part One) Phase Three : Developing action plans with key actions and milestones to meet strategic directions (an implementation plan ; NSDS Part Two) Key Characteristics of NSDS Integrated into national development policies; Covers production, dissemination, analysis, and use of data and addresses the related issues; Includes all statistical production units, and serves as a framework for development of statistics for various sectors; Serves as framework for international and bilateral cooperation; Integrates existing activities and draws on the past experiences; Conforms to international standards.

12 Strategic Objectives of NSDS Establishment of legal framework Identification of a comprehensive list of national and sub-national indicators relevant for national development planning Development of a set of national statistical classifications and standards Subscription to and compliance with internationally accepted methodological standards Easy availability of statistical information to users at regional, national and international levels Improvement of statistical capacity and knowledge across the national statistical system. Inculcation of ethics and values in accordance to the United Nations Fundamental Principles of Official

13 Strategic Directions and Proposed Activities Strengthening the Architecture of the Myanmar Statistical System National Accounts and Macroeconomic System of Prices Industry, Tourism, Investment CSO as National Coordinator and Statistical Authority Improving User and Respondents Relations Coordinating in implementing the Critical Statistical Programmes Agricultura l and Rural Sector Social and labour External Trade Education Civil Registration and Vital Demographic and Population Health Energy and Environment Geocoding and Geospatial Information

14 Ten Clusters in NSDS National Account Survey Coordinatio n and Statistical Standard Social Energy Agricultural and Rural Development Trade and Investment Sector Environment Macro Economic Monitoring and Financial Vital Demography

15 NSDS Implementation Structure 10 clusters

16 NSDS Working Group on Environment (Environment Cluster) Leader - Director General, Environmental Conservation Department Member - Secretary - Director, Forest Department Director, Mining Department Director, Department of Meteorology and Hydrology Director, Public Health Department Director, Department of Agriculture Director, Department of Rural Development Director, Department of Industrial Coordination Director, Department of Electric Power Planning Assistant Director, Department of Oil and Gas Chief Engineer, Road Transport Administration Department Director, Central Statistical Organization Director, Environmental Conservation Department

17 (a) Duties and Responsibilities of Working Group on Environment (Environment Cluster) To identify statistics priority levels in environmental statistical data for National Statistical System (NSS) and to provide fulfillment statistical information for performing National Statistical Development Strategy (NSDS) (b) To identify the resources which will get the statistical information and data to measure their results and impacts of the main operations in the implementation of environmental sectors such as policy, objectives and strategic plan. (c) To systematically carry out the environmental management and to collect the environmental statistical information such as air quality and climate condition, biodiversity, energy and mining, forest, environmental management, local water resources, marine and coastal region, natural disaster and waste products for integrating the environmental conservation matters in the development process. (d) To establish information systems and to collect and revise the identifying statistical data by connecting the relevant departments and organizations.

18 Duties and Responsibilities of Working Group on Environment... (e) To negotiate with the regions and states government, relevant ministries not to dissent when collect the environmental conservation data in accordance with the international standards. (f) To issue the environmental statistics by publishing environmental statistical year book annually or using the website (g) To coordinate with the relevant sectors for field survey to fully and accurately ensure in the collection of the environmental statistical data (h) To cooperate with domestic and foreign business organizations in order to be more developed in environmental statistical data and information systems (i) (j) To continuously practice and modify the qualified staffs to be sustainable the environmental statistical data To conduct trainings and workshops to be applied technologies using from the international in the collection of the environmental statistical data, and also if there has any requirement, to fulfill the computer and technical assistance

19 Objectives of the Developing Environmental Accounting(Forest Account) To support the management of the environment To support the reporting on the SDGs To support the delivery of the NSDS in Myanmar by using the standards, approaches and guidance from FDES and SEEA. To improve the capacity building and technical assistance activities to support implementation of FDES and SEEA To work and collaborate across Government at multiple levels to solve the cross cutting issues To produce report either on the Environment Account or book chapter in the Statistical Year Book CSO.

20 Work plan for 2017 No Milestones for 2017 Activities March May June August September - December 1 Determine the focus areas of environmental statistics 2 Build capacity on environmental statistics for members of ES cluster and staff in relevant departments - Assess potential focus areas based on reporting needs and monitoring of policies, strategies and plans - assess capacity needs of the cluster members and other relevant departments - Review potential focus areas of environmental statistics in the cluster meeting - 1 st training on concepts, methods, definitions, and data compilation - Outline a structure for how to organize environmental statistics - Conduct follow-up action oriented hands-on training focusing on specific topics - Sit together with a technical expert and working together on specific issues 3 Undertake data environmental statistics inventory of existing data in MONREC 4 Compile Forest Pilot Account to demonstrate analysis and use of environmental statistics - Mapping exercise of data sources and stakeholders to be engaged - Finalize survey questionnaires - organize a training for data collectors to undertake the inventory (cluster members from and university students) - Identify data sources needed for forest account - coordinate with relevant departments for accessing data - Conduct data inventory surveys (cluster members and university students) - Focus initially on data relevant to forest account - Compile and produce pilot forest account in collaboration with relevant departments - Setting up a system for the available data and data sharing - Collate selected data for a chapter to be included in the statistical yearbook or potentially as a separate publication (TBD) - Updating and refine pilot forest account

21 Methods of Producing Forest Account( Survey on Data Availability) Find out what types of forest data are available in each Department (initially within MONREC); Determine whether data is organized be used for analysis and reporting; Document the information and create a temporary system for organizing environmental data; Identify other data needed that is not currently available; Determine what additional data is needed to be generated for different analytical, decision-making and reporting requirements MONREC-Ministry of Natural Resource and Environmental Conservation

22 One Map Myanmar Factsheet Initiative of the Government of Myanmar Financial support by: Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) Start date: August End date: July 2023 Total duration: 8 Years through 4 iterative phases Implementing agencies: Government partners: 25 line agencies (from 11 Ministries and 3 City Councils) Technical Assistance Implementing Agencies: Centre for Development and Environment from University of Bern (Switzerland) & the Land Core Group Additional partnerships: Myanmar Information Management Unit; SERVIR Mekong, USAID; EU.

23 Organization Structure of OneMap Myanmar Ministries Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation, Livestock and Fishery Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation Ministry of Planning and Finance Ministry of Immigration and Population Ministry of Construction Ministry of Education Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Transport and Communications Ministry of Electricity and Energy Ministry of Defense Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement City Development Councils

24 Challenges Need to learn how existing forest, land cover and land use data can be able to mainstream in the FDES framework and suits to the SEEA guidelines such as - Accounting units( spatial units-bsu, LCEU and EAU) Classifications (Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES 2016) Valuation Land Use Classes Land Cover Classes Identify inconsistencies in data (coverage, concepts)

25 Policy applications Results from the forest account compilation can be used in exploring the interactions between environment and the economy whether The forest area is decreasing, economically fewer benefits in future If it is increasing, can be able to control flood The stock of timber depleted to see how much it contribute to country wealth. The country can justify benefits of harvesting timber and the costs of the impact of the action

26 Further work To compile and produce pilot forest account in collaboration with relevant departments Updating and refine pilot forest account

27 Thank you