Renewable. Renewable resources can be replenished over fairly short spans of time, such as months, years, or decades.

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1 Energy Resources

2 Renewable Renewable resources can be replenished over fairly short spans of time, such as months, years, or decades.

3 Nonrenewable Resources Nonrenewable resources take millions of years to form and accumulate.

4 Fossil Fuels Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons that may be used as fuel, including coal, oil, and natural gas.

5 What s Wrong With Fossil Fuels? Pollution Greenhouse gases (Warm the Planet) Limited supply (nonrenewable) The U.S. uses 33% of all the oil produced in the world but only has 3% of the worlds oil reserve. This means we have to buy the rest.

6 In the last 100 years, the Earth warmed up by ~1.5 F

7 Why do we need renewable energy sources? Stop global warming and improve the environment We will run out of fossil fuels sooner or later Financial independence

8 Biomass Burn trash, Thermal

9 Biomass Process of Making Electricity Clean? Cheap and Efficient? Unique? Thermal Burn Garbage, plant, or food waste No. CO 2 and other pollutants Makes Waste Moderate Keeps stuff from going in the Landfill Not as bad as fossil fuels

10 Coal Burn coal, Thermal

11 Coal Process of Making Electricity Clean? Cheap and Efficient? Unique? Thermal Burn coal No, CO 2 and other pollutants Moderate No if carbon capture Mining for coal damages the environment Makes Waste

12 Geothermal Capturing the heat of the Earth

13 Geothermal Process of Making Electricity Clean? Cheap and Efficient? Unique? Thermal Captures heat Yes. No pollution or waste. Yes. The most efficient Can only be used where magma is near the surface.

14 Hydropower (Dams) Capturing the Motion of moving water

15 Hydropower (Dams) Process of Making Electricity Clean? Cheap and Efficient? Unique? Capturing the motion of water Yes. No pollution or waste Moderate Can only be built on water Greatly alters river (bad for fishes)

16 Hydropower (Pumped Storage) Worlds biggest battery

17 Hydroelectric (Pumped Storage)

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20 Hydroelectric (Pumped Storage) Renewable Fuel is safe Pros Overall is a safe and efficient way to make electricity Can make electricity when needed No pollution or waste Fuel is not free but would be wasted otherwise Cons Power plants are not cheap and cannot be built anywhere Changes environment Effects wildlife (fish)

21 Natural gas, Petroleum and Propane Burn, Thermal

22 Natural Gas Process of Making Electricity Clean? Cheap and Efficient? Unique? Thermal Burn natural gas No, CO 2 and other pollutants Makes NO Waste Yes Cleanest of all fossil fuels Used for Heat too

23 Petroleum Process of Making Electricity Thermal Burn petroleum Clean? No, CO 2 and other pollutants Makes little-no waste Cheap and Efficient? Moderate Unique? Used for Heat too Mainly used for making plastic

24 Propane Process of Making Electricity Clean? Cheap and Efficient? Unique? Thermal Burn propane No, CO 2 and other pollutants Makes no waste Moderate Used for Heat too Used in grills

25 Solar Direct transfer (Photovoltaic)

26 Solar Thermal

27 Solar Process of Making Electricity Clean? Cheap and Efficient? Unique? Thermal (mirrors) Direct Transfer (PV) Yes Makes no pollution or waste No Most expensive Not reliable (only when sunny) Works less well away from the equator

28 Nuclear Fission Collecting Heat from radioactive materials

29 Nuclear Fission

30 Uranium Nuclear Fission Process of Making Electricity Thermal Captures heat from radioactive material Clean? Yes/no Makes no pollution Makes radioactive waste Cheap and Efficient? Unique? Moderate Can meltdown Waste has to be stored for millions of years Needs water near

31 Wind

32 Wind Process of Making Electricity Clean? Cheap and Efficient? Unique? Capturing the motion of the wind Yes Makes no pollution or waste Yes is windy No if not Not reliable Some places not very windy

33 Waves and Tides

34 Waves and Tides Pros Same as wind Cons Same as wind Renewable Fuel is cheap and safe Overall is a safe way to make electricity No pollution or waste Can only make electricity when wavy Not efficient on large scale Cannot built anywhere they are needed Can be expensive

35 Fusion Magnetic Plasma Confinement Inertial Fusion

36 Fusion

37 Fusion Pros Fuel is safe, cheap and abundant (basically renewable) Extremely efficient (#1) Could be built anywhere Waste is safe No pollution Can be built anywhere and can make electricity when needed Cons Has not been done yet Power plants will be expensive