Governance in Energy Efficiency

Transcription

1 Energy Efficiency Directive Governance in Energy Efficiency Krzysztof Gierulski European Commission, Support Group for Ukraine (SGUA) 3 February 2016, Kiev Energy

2 Energy

3 Primary energy consumption*, Mtoe The EU 20% energy efficiency objective (before adoption of the EED and accession of Croatia) Projections from 2007 Projections from % Energy saving objective 1842 Mtoe business as usual Mtoe Status GAP 1474 Mtoe -20% objective * Gross inland consumption minus non-energy uses Energy

4 Trends in primary energy consumption in EU-28 (assuming proper implementation of the EU legislation, esp. Directive 2012/27 on Energy Efficiency) Reading: By 2020, primary energy consumption in the EU could approach but remain above the Europe 2020 target. * Gross inland consumption minus non-energy uses Energy Source: European Commission 4

5 Why reaching 20% target for energy efficiency for 2020 is so important for the EU 371 Mtoe Primary energy savings in 2020 = 2.6 billion Barrels of oil we do not have to import per year = 194 billion EUR Money saved at 73 EUR/barrel per year = fewer coal power plants or GDP of Portugal in current prices (2010) International Energy Agency and EEFIG: Energy Efficiency should be seen always as the first fuel!!! Energy

6 Billion Euro '08 30 The cost of no action 20 billion lost annually until 2020 EED costs increased costs for investment in energy efficiency- 24 billion annually 0 reduced costs for investment in energy generation and distribution - 6 billion annually -30 reduced fuel expenditure - 38 billion annually + increased EU GDP of 34 billion in EED avoided costs increased net employment of in 2020 Energy

7 The EU legal framework for the EU and Ukraine energy efficiency policies Energy Efficiency Directive 2012/27/EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive 2010/31/EU Delivering the 2020 goal Ecodesign Directive 2009/125/EC Energy Labelling Directive 2010/30/EU Energy

8 Article 3: national energy efficiency targets Article 4: strategies for the renovation of buildings Article 5: exemplary role of public sector: renovation of central government buildings & empowerment of local/regional public bodies Article 6: exemplary role of public sector: public procurement Article 7&20: energy efficiency obligations (or alternatives e.g. EE Fund) Article 8: energy audits and energy management systems Articles 9-12: accurate metering and informative billing, info campaigns Article 14: energy efficiency in district heating and cogeneration Article 15: energy efficiency in transmission/distribution of electricity and gas, demand response Article 16: qualification/accreditation schemes Article 17: training and general awareness raising Article 18: enabling energy services market Article 19: removal of administrative barriers and split incentives Article 24: monitoring (incl. National Energy Efficiency Action Plans, annual reports) Main provisions of the EED (note: check Annexes for strict rules for implementation)

9 EED Article 7 main pillar of the EED ENERGY EFFICIENCY OBLIGATION SCHEMES (Article 7) Member States must ensure that energy efficiency obligation schemes (for retailers or distributors of energy) or alternative policies (e.g Energy Efficiency Fund EED Art.20) achieve at least 1.5% (0.7% for UA) annual new and cumulative end-use savings (based on average final energy +/- transport) Energy savings to be achieved by policy measures, not market developments (see rules on additionality and materiality EED Annex 5) Preference for long-lasting measures (e.g. renovation of buildings) Achieved energy savings need to be measurable (e.g. strict requirements for measurement & verification e.g. based on metered consumption data Some experience with existing obligation schemes (e.g. France, Italy, Denmark, UK, Poland and many states in USA) shows potential to boost the market for energy service companies (ESCOs) and energy performance contracting in public buildings

10 NATIONAL 2020 TARGET (Article 3) Each Member State shall set indicative national target, based on either: primary or final energy consumption; primary or final energy savings; energy intensity. Express targets in terms of absolute level of primary energy consumption & final energy consumption Explain how & on which data basis this is calculated* * target setting does not necessarily require modelling of the energy balance; but the latter is useful for better integration of energy efficiency in the energy policy of the country

11 Directive 2012/27/EU STRATEGIES FOR THE RENOVATION OF BUILDINGS (Art. 4) Member States shall establish a long-term strategy for mobilising investment in the renovation of the national stock of residential and commercial buildings, both public and private." To be published and updated every 3 years and notified as part of NEEAPs. Overview of the national building stock. Identification of cost-effective approaches to renovations. Policies and measures to stimulate cost-effective deep renovations of buildings. A forward-looking perspective to guide investment decisions. An evidence-based estimate of expected energy savings and wider benefits.

12 Directive 2012/27/EU PUBLIC SECTOR TO LEAD BY EXAMPLE (Article 5) Annual renovation target of 3% for central government buildings (min. 1% in UA) above 250 m² which do not meet minimum energy performance requirements set in application of Directive 2010/31/EU (register of public buildings required) Member States to require that central government buildings (incl. certain buildings of the defence sector) with the poorest energy performance be a priority for energy efficiency measures Policy measures for push for deep renovation of buildings and behavioural changes of building users Obligation for the Member States to encourage local and regional public bodies to renovate their buildings Obligation to encourage local/regional public bodies to introduce local energy planning, energy management systems including energy audits, use energy performance contracting

13 Directive 2012/27/EU KEY PROVISIONS PUBLIC SECTOR TO LEAD BY EXAMPLE (Article 6) Public procurement rules: central government purchasing under the Public Procurement Directive should (with exceptions) be limited to products, services and buildings with high energy efficiency performance Obligation to encourage all public bodies incl. local and regional authorities to apply similar criteria Note: Important link to Ecodesign and Energy Labelling regulations

14 Directive 2012/27/EU ENERGY AUDITS (Article 8) Mandatory for large enterprises ( other than SMEs ) to carry out energy audits every 4 years or have energy management systems in operation (note: need for a register of large enterprices) High quality audits must fulfil minimum criteria based on EED Annex VI, be carried out in an independent and cost-effective manner by qualified and/or accredited experts or implemented and supervised by independent authorities under national legislation (link to EED Art.16 on qualification/accreditation) Member States required to raise awareness and develop programmes to encourage SMEs and households to carry out energy audits + implement recommendations Member States to encourage training programmes for the qualification of energy auditors

15 Directive 2012/27/EU EMPOWERING CONSUMERS AND ENCOURAGING BEHAVIOURAL CHANGES (Art.9-11, 12). Obligation for individual energy meters, reflecting actual energy consumption & information on actual time of use (incl. individual heat/ hot water meters in multi-apartment multi-purpose buildings with common heating systems). Clearer requirements on metering of individual. consumption of heating/ cooling and domestic hot water Ensure accuracy & minimum frequency of billing/ billing. information based on actual consumption Obligation to run information programmes addressing. small energy customers Easy and free-of-charge access to data on own consumption and related costs (incl. historical information)

16 Articles 14 & 15 TRANSFORMATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF ENERGY.Comprehensive assessment of cogeneration and district heating/cooling potential (heat mapping, identifying waste heat sources, etc).procedures for cost-benefit analysis when generation capacity is built or refurbished (authorisations & permits) >20 MW.Assessment of the energy efficiency potentials of their gas and electricity infrastructure (incl. possibilities for micro energy generation); identification of concrete measures and investments in transmission and distribution of electricity and gas;.policy measures for promote high-efficiency cogeneration. and high-efficiency district heating Introduction of measures to promote of demand response

17 Directive 2012/27/EU ENERGY SERVICES (Article 18) Member States are required to disseminate information on energy performance contracts and energy service providers and encourage the development of quality labels Energy distributors and retailers must not impede the development of energy service markets, including by foreclosing the market for competitors Making publicly available and regularly updating a list of available energy service providers who are qualified and/or certified and their qualifications and/or certifications or providing an interface where energy service providers can provide information

18 Directive 2012/27/EU KEY PROVISIONS SOLVING ADMINISTRATIVE BARRIERS (Article 19) Member States are required to evaluate and remove regulatory and non-regulatory barriers to energy efficiency including: ( ) legal and regulatory provisions, and administrative practices, regarding public purchasing and annual budgeting and accounting, with a view to ensuring that individual public bodies are not deterred from making investments in improving energy efficiency and minimising expected lifecycle costs and from using energy performance contracting and other thirdparty financing mechanisms on a long-term contractual basis. Such measures to remove barriers may include providing incentives, repealing or amending legal or regulatory provisions, or adopting guidelines and interpretative communications, or simplifying administrative procedures. The measures may be combined with the provision of education, training and specific information and technical assistance on energy efficiency. (Note: link to decentralisation reform) Solving split incentives between owners and tenants of buildings

19 Directive 2012/27/EU KEY PROVISIONS MONITORING OF THE PROGRESS IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY (Article 24, Annex XIV) National Energy Efficiency Action Plans every 3 years (focus on providing information on policy measures adopted or planned to be adopted in view of implementing the main elements of this Directive and on their related savings) Normally requires improved cooperation between various ministries and other governmental institutions (typical solution: establishment of regular permanent inter-ministerial working groups) Governance! Annual reports on energy efficiency - focus on energy statistics and close monitoring of some mandatory measures incl. achievements under national Energy Efficiency Obligation Schemes (or alternative measures), annual renovation of central government buildings; information about major changes in the system of EE policy measures

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