December 2014 Sampling of Odour and VOC Emissions at Harvest Power s Richmond, BC Facility Revision B

Transcription

1 December 2014 Sampling of Odour and VOC Emissions at Harvest Power s Richmond, BC Facility Revision B Prepared for: Harvest Power, 7028 York Road, Richmond, BC V6W 0B1 Prepared by: Envirochem Services Inc. # Esplanade West, North Vancouver, BC, V7M 1A July 2015

2 December 2014 Odour and VOC Sampling Report Revision B Harvest Power, 7028 York Road, Richmond, BC Table of Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION EMISSION SOURCES SAMPLING PROGRAM Instrumentation Used Flow measurement Odour Sampling VOC Sampling Sample Collection Flow Measurement Odour Sampling VOC Sampling SAMPLING RESULTS DECEMBER Odour Results VOC Results... 7 List of Tables TABLE 1: LIST OF SOURCES SAMPLED ON DECEMBER 17 TH, TABLE 2: BIOFILTER ODOUR THRESHOLD VALUES FOR DECEMBER TABLE 3: HEDONIC TONE, INTENSITY AND CHARACTERIZATION (EOC AND ENVIROCHEM)... 6 TABLE 4: BIOFILTER PID VOC RESULTS (CORRECTED FOR DILUTION) AND REMOVAL EFFICIENCIES TABLE 5: MEASURED BIOFILTER FLOW & AVERAGE VOC COMPARED TO PERMIT GVA Dec2014_HP_OdourVOC report_b.docx

3 December 2014 Odour and VOC Sampling Report Revision B Harvest Power, 7028 York Road, Richmond, BC List of Figures FIGURE 1: HARVEST SITE PLAN SHOWING ALL EMISSION SOURCES UNDER PERMIT GVA List of Appendices APPENDIX I: APPENDIX II: APPENDIX III: BIOFILTER INLET FLOW RATES, PROVIDED BY HARVEST POWER ENVIRONMENTAL ODOUR CONSULTING ODOUR PANEL REPORT SAMPLE COLLECTION PLAN, PERMIT #GVA 1054, QUARTERLY BIOFILTER SAMPLING Dec2014_HP_OdourVOC report_b.docx

4 December 2014 Odour and VOC Sampling Report Revision B Harvest Power, 7028 York Road, Richmond, BC 1.0 INTRODUCTION This report summarizes the results of odour samples and volatile organic compound (VOC) measurements taken at Harvest Power s (Harvest) Richmond Facility on December 17 th The report contains: A site plan with the permitted and sampled emission sources. A summary of the sampling program. Sampling Results o Odours were analyzed by Dynamic Olfactometry (odour panel) in accordance with the European Standard EN 13725: Air Quality-Determination of Odour Concentration by Environmental Odour Consulting Ltd (EOC) o Hedonic tone and characterization by an odour panel at EOC, as well as Envirochem Services field personnel. o All flow measurements were taken by Harvest using a hot-wire anemometer. VOCs were measured in the field using a photoionization detector (PID). 2.0 EMISSION SOURCES Metro Vancouver Air Permit GVA1054 lists ten emission sources on site (shown in Figure 1). Quarterly odour and VOC measurements are required by permit at four of these sources (Biofilters). Table 1 lists the biofilters which were sampled on December 17 th 2014, and the results are discussed in this report. Other emission sources on site are sampled annually, and were not measured as part of this study. Dec2014_HP_OdourVOC report_b.docx

5 December 2014 Odour and VOC Sampling Report Revision B Harvest Power, 7028 York Road, Richmond, BC FIGURE 1: HARVEST SITE PLAN SHOWING ALL EMISSION SOURCES UNDER PERMIT GVA1054 Dec2014_HP_OdourVOC report_b.docx

6 December 2014 Odour and VOC Sampling Report Revision B Harvest Power, 7028 York Road, Richmond, BC SOURCE ID (PERMIT GVA1054) TABLE 1: LIST OF SOURCES SAMPLED ON DECEMBER 17 TH, 2014 SOURCE DETAIL LOCATION ODOUR SAMPLED: Nonmethane VOC OPERATING CONDITIONS 3 Energy Garden Biofilter Inlet - Abnormal no tunnels were Biofilter Biofilter Outlet being loaded during sampling* 5 Southwest Biofilter Inlet - Biofilter Inlet Biofilter Outlet Normal 6 Northeast Biofilter Inlet - Biofilter Biofilter Outlet Normal 8 Screening Biofilter Inlet - Biofilter Biofilter Outlet Normal * Harvest Power had advised MV of the fact that no tunnel loading was scheduled prior to sampling. 3.0 SAMPLING PROGRAM This section summarizes the instrumentation and sample collection methodology used during the sampling event. For a full description of the instrumentation and sample collection methodology used during the odour sampling event please refer to Sample Collection Plan, Permit #GVA 1054, Quarterly Biofilter Sampling prepared for Metro Vancouver by Harvest and Envirochem in April INSTRUMENTATION USED Flow measurement TSI 8385 Velocicalc hot wire anemometer Odour Sampling Scentroid DS5 sample diluter, 10L Tedlar TM bags, Teflon TM tubing (1/4 OD x 1/8 ID) Envirochem Odour Lung 10L Tedlar TM bags Teflon TM tubing (1/4 OD x 1/8 ID) VOC Sampling Sample diluters, bags and tubing as described above. Dec2014_HP_OdourVOC report_b.docx

7 December 2014 Odour and VOC Sampling Report Revision B Harvest Power, 7028 York Road, Richmond, BC RAE Systems MiniRAE 3000 Photoionization Detector (PID), with 10.6eV lamp. 3.2 SAMPLE COLLECTION Flow Measurement Flows were measured at the Biofilter Inlets by Harvest Power using a hot-wire anemometer Odour Sampling Biofilter outlets were divided into 16 separate equal area sample locations (cells) to allow for a representative composite sample to be collected, composed of a grab at each of the 16 cells. Air samples for odour analysis were collected in new, pre-conditioned 10L Tedlar TM bags, using a sample diluter (dilution probe) which was set at a factory-calibrated dilution factor of 3:1, verified by Envirochem. Surface samples were collected using a static soil gas sampling system consisting of a circular 35cm diameter stainless steel collection hood fitted with temperature and sample probe connections and a small vent chimney. When sampling biofilter outlets, this was moved around the surface of the biofilter, from cell to cell, with a small grab sample collected at each cell. The collection hood was left in position at each cell for one minute prior to collection of each grab sample, to ensure that the hood had sufficient time to fill with source air. Before sampling, each bag was purged three times with the source discharge air, to ensure the sampling system (diluter, bags and tubing) were all filled with sample, and all non-sample air was removed. Clean tubing was used at each source to avoid cross contamination. Once collected, sample bags were placed in dark bags. At the end of each day, VOC was measured from each bag, and if concentrations were safe for human consumption, the hedonic tone and character was assessed. Outlet bags were then re-sealed, re-packed and shipped by courier overnight to Environmental Odour Consulting (EOC) in Ontario to be analyzed the following morning by an odour panel. Dec2014_HP_OdourVOC report_b.docx

8 December 2014 Odour and VOC Sampling Report Revision B Harvest Power, 7028 York Road, Richmond, BC VOC Sampling Biofilter inlets were sampled using an odour lung, and a single sample was collected slowly over a period of ~5-15 minutes. All bags were sampled for VOC using a PID. Readings were allowed to stabilize for approx. 15 seconds before being noted. Constant gentle pressure was applied to the bag while open to ensure the sample was not diluted with ambient air. The PID was checked before and after testing using a zero filter and 100ppm isobutylene span gas. The PID passed both quality checks. Although inlet samples were collected primarily for measurement of VOC, some in-field odour observations were also made. Inlet samples were not shipped to EOC, as the permit does not require that odour is measured at biofilter inlets. 4.0 SAMPLING RESULTS DECEMBER ODOUR RESULTS The results from Environmental Odour Consulting s odour panel are presented as Table 2. The highest average odour concentration (approx. 440 OU/m 3 ) was detected at the South West Biofiter Outlet, followed by the Northeast Biofilter Outlet (approx. 350 OU/m 3 ). The odour discharge rates were calculated by multiplying the odour panel - measured concentration by the flow rate provided by Harvest Power (see Appendix I). Hedonic Tone, Intensity and Characterization were assessed from bag samples by EOC. EOC s measurement of intensity was qualitative (i.e. not per standard ASTM E544). Panelists were asked to smell samples without dilution and a scale was used to determine intensity. Hedonic tone and characterization were also assessed from sample bags prior to shipping by Envirochem. The results are presented in Table 3. Bags were screened with a PID prior to assessment of hedonic tone and odour character, for safety purposes. Some untreated process air (inlet) samples had high concentrations of VOC concentrations and were not assessed. Dec2014_HP_OdourVOC report_b.docx

9 December 2014 Odour and VOC Sampling Report Revision B Harvest Power, 7028 York Road, Richmond, BC TABLE 2: BIOFILTER ODOUR THRESHOLD VALUES FOR DECEMBER 2014 Source Sample Name Time Sampled 3 Energy Garden Biofilter 5 Southwest Biofilter 6 Northeast Biofilter 8 Screening Biofilter Flow (m 3 /s) Odour Concentration (OU/m 3 ) Detection Threshold (Panel) Detection Threshold (Scentroid Mask) Odour Discharge Rate (based on Panel) (OU/s) EG-OUT-3 15:30-15: EG-OUT-4 15:50-16: Average SW-OUT-1 13:35-13: SW-OUT-2 14:05-14: Average NE-OUT-1 12:15-12: ,780 NE-OUT-2 12:40-12: ,909 Average ,345 SE-OUT-1 10:15-10: SE-OUT-3 11:00-11: Average Lab blank <6 <DL - TABLE 3: HEDONIC TONE, INTENSITY AND CHARACTERIZATION (EOC AND ENVIROCHEM) Source 3 Energy Garden Biofilter 5 Southwest Biofilter 6 Northeast Biofilter Sample Name Environmental Odour Consulting Intensity (From Panel) Hedonic Tone (+4 to -4 scale) Character Hedonic Tone (+10 to -10 scale) Envirochem - Field Notes Descriptors EG-IN-3 NA NA NA -9 rotten garbage/ manure EG-IN-4 NA NA NA -8 rotten garbage/ manure EG-OUT neutral -2 chlorine/ faint garbage EG-OUT neutral -2 chlorine/ plastic & faint garbage SW-IN-1 NA NA NA NA NA (high VOC) SW-IN-2 NA NA NA NA NA (high VOC) SW-OUT sharp/ rotten garbage/ dirt/ chlorine -5 food or ammonia SW-OUT compost/ rotten garbage/ dirt/ faint -4 food/ sharp chlorine or ammonia NE-IN-1 NA NA NA NA NA (high VOC) NE-IN-2 NA NA NA NA NA (high VOC) NE-OUT rotten food/ sharp -6 garbage/ chlorine NE-OUT rotten food/ sharp/ gas -5 garbage/ chlorine Dec2014_HP_OdourVOC report_b.docx

10 December 2014 Odour and VOC Sampling Report Revision B Harvest Power, 7028 York Road, Richmond, BC Source 8 Screening Biofilter Sample Name Environmental Odour Consulting Intensity (From Panel) Hedonic Tone (+4 to -4 scale) Character Hedonic Tone (+10 to -10 scale) Envirochem - Field Notes Descriptors SE-IN-1 NA NA NA -2 faint garbage/ plastic SE-IN-3 NA NA NA -1 faint garbage/ plastic SE-OUT neutral -2 chlorine/ plastic & faint garbage SE-OUT neutral -2 chlorine/ plastic Lab blank - 0 NA no odour detected - NA = Not Assessed As shown in Table 3, the energy garden biofilter appeared to be successful in modifying the hedonic tone of process air from -9 at the inlet to -2 at the outlet. Field observations also noted an improvement in character, from rotten garbage/ manure to chlorine/ faint garbage. 4.2 VOC RESULTS The results of field VOC measurements, expressed as methane CH 4 and corrected to account for the dilution factor, are summarized in Table 4. Although the PID does not measure CH 4, Permit GVA1054 requires that VOC results be expressed as CH 4 ; thus the PID readings in parts per million (ppm) were converted to milligrams per cubic metre (mg/m 3 ) as CH 4. Dec2014_HP_OdourVOC report_b.docx

11 December 2014 Odour and VOC Sampling Report Revision B Harvest Power, 7028 York Road, Richmond, BC TABLE 4: BIOFILTER PID VOC RESULTS (CORRECTED FOR DILUTION) AND REMOVAL EFFICIENCIES. Source Sample Name Time Sampled Flow (m 3 /s) Non Methane (NM) VOC (ppm) NMVOC (mg/m 3, as isobutylene) NMVOC (mg/m 3, as CH 4, per Permit GVA 1054) NMVOC Discharge Rate (mg/s, as CH 4 ) 3 Energy Garden Biofilter EG-IN-3 15:30-15: EG-IN-4 15:50-15: Average EG-OUT-3 15:30-15: EG-OUT-4 15:50-16: Average SOURCE #3 AVG. VOC REMOVAL EFFICIENCY 100% 100% 100% 100% 5 Southwest Biofilter SW-IN-1 13:45-13: SW-IN-2 14:05-14: Average SW-OUT-1 13:35-13: SW-OUT-2 14:05-14: Average SOURCE #5 AVG. VOC REMOVAL EFFICIENCY 99% 99% 99% 99% 6 Northeast Biofilter NE-IN-1 12:15-12: NE-IN-2 12:40-12: Average NE-OUT-1 12:15-12: NE-OUT-2 12:40-12: Average SOURCE #6 AVG. VOC REMOVAL EFFICIENCY 99% 96% 96% 96% 8 Screening Biofilter SE-IN-1 10:05-10: SE-IN-2 10:15-10: SE-IN-3 11:00-11: Average SE-OUT 1 10:05-10: SE-OUT 2 10:15-10: SE-OUT-3 11:00-11: Average SOURCE #8 AVG. VOC REMOVAL EFFICIENCY 100% 100% 100% 100% All mg/m 3 concentrations are corrected to 20 C, 1 atmosphere, and are expressed as 100% methane. The instrument detection limit was 0.1ppm, which leads to a detection limit of 0.3 mg/m 3 as CH 4 where the sample was diluted, and 0.1mg/m 3 as CH 4 where the sample was undiluted. All results shown were above detection limit. Removal efficiencies have been calculated as [1-(average outlet concentration/average inlet concentration)]. VOC discharge rates (mg/min) were calculated by multiplying non-methane VOC (NMVOC) concentration (mg/m 3 ) by the flow rate (m 3 /s) measured by Harvest Power (see Appendix I). Dec2014_HP_OdourVOC report_b.docx

12 December 2014 Odour and VOC Sampling Report Revision B Harvest Power, 7028 York Road, Richmond, BC Removal efficiencies were calculated by comparing the average inlet concentration to the average outlet concentration. As shown in Table 4, the biofilters appeared to be successful in removing VOC from the process air emissions. Flow rates and emission concentrations were compared to permit maximums in Table 5. All biofilter flow rates were below permit maximums. Source TABLE 5: MEASURED BIOFILTER FLOW & AVERAGE VOC COMPARED TO PERMIT GVA Energy Garden Biofilter 5 Southwest Biofilter* 6 Northeast Biofilter* 8 Screening Biofilter Flow (m 3 /min) Permit Maximum Flow (m 3 /min) Average VOC as CH 4 (mg/m 3 ) Permit Maximum VOC as CH 4 (mg/m 3 ) Measured Emission Rate as CH 4 (mg/min) Permit Maximum Emission Rate as CH 4 (mg/min) , , , , ,493 9, ,898 TOTAL ,501 34,748 *NOTE FLOW DATA CORRECTION: In March 2015, an error was identified in Table 5 and the subsequent text. Flow data for EN05 (southwest biofilter) and EN06 (Northeast biofilter) were swopped in error, so both flows and the measured emission rates (as CH 4 ) for those biofilter sources were reported incorrectly. These results are reported correctly in this version of the report (Revision A), which replaces the original report, dated 30 th January All biofilter emissions were compliant with permit GVA 1054, and all biofilters appeared to be effective at removing VOCs (96-100% removal efficiency). VOC concentration at the energy garden biofilter (EN03) was 0 mg/m 3 below the permit maximum of 0.53mg/m 3. The emission rate was 0 mg/min, below the permit maximum of 610 mg/min (calculated based on maximum flow and concentration prescribed in the permit). The calculated removal efficiency was 100 %. VOC concentration at the southwest biofilter (EN05) was 0.3 mg/m 3 below the permit maximum of 7.6mg/m 3. The emission rate was 7.9 mg/min, below the permit maximum of Dec2014_HP_OdourVOC report_b.docx

13 December 2014 Odour and VOC Sampling Report Revision B Harvest Power, 7028 York Road, Richmond, BC 9,120 mg/min (calculated based on maximum flow and concentration prescribed in the permit). The calculated removal efficiency was 99 %. VOC concentration at the northeast biofilter (EN06) was 2.6 mg/m 3 below the permit maximum of 7.6mg/m 3. The emission rate was 1,493 mg/min, below the permit maximum of 9,120 mg/min (calculated based on maximum flow and concentration prescribed in the permit). The calculated removal efficiency was 96 %. VOC concentration at the screening biofilter (EN08) was 0 mg/m 3 below the permit maximum of 28.8mg/m 3. The emission rate was 0 mg/min, below the permit maximum of 15,898 mg/min (calculated based on maximum flow and concentration prescribed in the permit). The calculated removal efficiency was 100 %. Dec2014_HP_OdourVOC report_b.docx

14 DECEMBER 2014 ODOUR AND VOC SAMPLING, HARVEST POWER Appendix I APPENDIX I: BIOFILTER INLET FLOW RATES HARVEST POWER

15 DECEMBER 2014 ODOUR AND VOC SAMPLING, HARVEST POWER Appendix I Velocity & Flow of Gas Stream in biofilters, 17 th December 2014 EG BIOFILTER NE BIOFILTER Velocity Measurements (m/s) 5.14 Velocity Measurements (m/s) Mean (m/s) 5.37 Mean (m/s) 9.33 Flow (m 3 /s) 9.79 Flow (m 3 /s) 9.57 SW BIOFILTER SCREENER BIOFILTER Velocity Measurements (m/s) 0.56 Velocity Measurements (m/s) Mean (m/s) 0.42 Mean (m/s) Flow (m 3 /s) 0.44 Flow (m 3 /s) 6.94

16 DECEMBER 2014 ODOUR AND VOC SAMPLING, HARVEST POWER Appendix II APPENDIX II: ENVIRONMENTAL ODOUR CONSULTING ODOUR PANEL REPORT

17 Report Odour Evaluation of Eight Air Samples Report to: Harvest Power Mr. Scott Kerr Manager, R&D and Compliance 7028 York Road Richmond, BC V6W0B1 Tel: (604) Prepared by: Environmental Odour Consulting Anna H. Bokowa, M.Sc. Principal Tel: (647) Date of Report: December 29, pages, 1 Appendix 1

18 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION...3 Page 2. TEST METHODOLOGY Odour Evaluation for Odour Detection Threshold Values Direct Evaluation RESULTS. 4 Table 1 Table 2 Odour Detection Threshold Values (ODTV).6 Direct Evaluation Results.7 Appendix 1 Chain of the Custody Form 2

19 1. INTRODUCTION Environmental Odour Consulting (EOC) was asked by Harvest Power (Harvest) to evaluate eight (8) air samples for odour detection threshold values. On December 18, 2013 eight samples were shipped via Air Canada Cargo. All samples were shipped in one cardboard box. EOC retrieved the samples from the Air Canada Cargo terminal in Mississauga, Ontario for same-day evaluations. All evaluations for odour detection threshold value (ODTV) were performed at EOC laboratory located in Oakville, Ontario. Also, the same samples were evaluated for ODTV using a Scentroid SM100 Field Olfactometer with attached port. In addition, all samples were evaluated for intensity, hedonic tone and character of odour. 2. TEST METHODOLOGY 2.1 Odour Evaluation for Odour Detection Threshold Values The odour samples were evaluated using dynamic dilution olfactometry at the EOC laboratory. The evaluations were based on the European Standard EN 13725:2003 and Ontario Ministry of the Environment Method ON-6 Determination of Odour Emission from Stationary Sources. The binary choice mode was chosen for odour evaluations. The panelists responses were recorded by computer software and were processed to determine the odour detection threshold value (ODTV) for each sample. The ODTV is a dilution factor and therefore has no units. For convenience however, the ODTV may be expressed in odour units (ou). An eight-screened odour panel was used for all evaluations. They were tested for odour sensitivity and are considered to be within the normal range according to the European Standard EN 13725:2003. Each sample was evaluated once according to the Ontario Ministry of Environment Method ON-6. In addition, the same sample was evaluated by one panelist for ODTV using a Scentroid SM100 Field Olfactometer with attached port. Different plates were used for this purpose which covered different ranges for ODTV evaluation. One laboratory blank was also evaluated the same way as actual samples. 2.2 Direct Evaluation 3

20 All samples were also evaluated for intensity, hedonic tone and character of odour. For intensity, each panelist was asked to smell a bag directly without any dilution and used an intensity scale to determine the intensity of the detected odour. The following scale was used. 0...no odour 1...slight odour 2...moderate odour 3...strong odour 4...extreme odour For hedonic tone, each panelist was asked to smell a bag directly without any dilution and use a hedonic tone scale in order to determine if the detected odour is pleasant or unpleasant. The following scale was used: -3...very unpleasant -2...unpleasant -1...slightly unpleasant 0...neutral +1...slightly pleasant +2...pleasant +3...very pleasant An average for all eight panelists responses was used for calculating the hedonic tone of each sample. The panelists were also asked to use their own words to describe the character of the detected odour. The most common descriptor used by the panelists was used as the overall character descriptor for a sample. 3. RESULTS Table 1 presents the results for odour detection threshold values obtained by evaluation of the samples using dynamic olfactometry. Table 1 also presents the results for ODTV from one panelist when the Scentroid SM100 was used. 4

21 Table 2 shows the results for direct evaluation of each sample. Prepared by Anna H. Bokowa, M.Sc Principal, Environmental Odour Consulting 5

22 Table 1 Odour Detection Threshold Values- Date of Evaluation: December 18, 2014 EOC Sample No Client EOC ODTV ODTV Sample Sample ou ou Identification Identification EOC Panel Scentroid port Sample 1 Laboratory Blank B <6 <DL Sample 8 SE Out 1 B Sample 9 SE Out 2 B Sample 10 SW Out 1 B Sample 11 SW Out 2 B Sample 12 NE Out 1 B Sample 13 NE Out 2 B Sample 14 EG Out 3 B Sample 15 EG Out 4 B <DL- below detection limit of 2 6

23 Table 2 Direct Evaluation Results: Date of Evaluation: December 18, 2014 EOC Identification Client Sample Intensity* Hedonic Number Identification Tone* Character Number Sample 1 Laboratory Blank 0 NA No odour detected Sample 8 SE Out neutral Sample 9 SE Out neutral Sample 10 SW Out sharp/rotten food Sample 11 SW Out compost/rotten food/sharp Sample 12 NE Out rotten food/sharp Sample 13 NE Out rotten food/sharp/gas Sample 14 EG Out neutral Sample 15 EG Out neutral 7

24 Appendix 1 Chain of the Custody Form 8

25 9

26 10

27 DECEMBER 2014 ODOUR AND VOC SAMPLING, HARVEST POWER Appendix III APPENDIX III: SAMPLE COLLECTION PLAN PERMIT #GVA 1054 QUARTERLY BIOFILTER SAMPLING

28 Sample Collection Plan Permit #GVA1054 Quarterly Biofilter Sampling Prepared for: Metro Vancouver 4330 Kingsway Burnaby, B.C. V5H 4G8 Prepared by: Harvest Power 7028 York Road, Richmond, B.C. V6W 0B1 Envirochem Services Inc West Esplanade North Vancouver, BC V7M 1A5 April 21, 2014

29 Page i TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION SAMPLING OBJECTIVES SAMPLING EQUIPMENT SAMPLING LOCATIONS SAMPLING METHODS SAMPLING SET-UP PID ZERO/ SPAN CHECK, COLLECTION OF FIELD ODOUR BLANK SAMPLE COLLECTION MAINTENANCE OF SAMPLE INTEGRITY SHIPPING AND CHAIN OF CUSTODY... 9 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1: ODOUR DILUTION PROBE WITH NITROGEN CYLINDER... 2 FIGURE 2: SITE PLAN SHOWING EMISSION SOURCES IN PERMIT GVA FIGURE 3: DIAGRAM TO SHOW EQUIPMENT SET-UP AT BIOFILTER INLETS... 6 FIGURE 4: DIAGRAM TO SHOW EQUIPMENT SET-UP AT BIOFILTER OUTLETS LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX I: SCENTROID DS5 STACK DILUTING SAMPLER MANUAL APPENDIX II: CHAIN OF CUSTODY FORM _ Harvest Power Quarterly Sampling Plan Rev A

30 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION This Sample Collection Plan was prepared in part fulfillment of Schedule A of Section 3 of the Metro Vancouver Air Permit #GVA-1054 (Fraser Richmond Soil & Fibre) issued May 11, SAMPLING OBJECTIVES The overall sampling objectives are to take representative, reliable, and repeatable samples that can be submitted for subsequent odour analyses by an odour panel, and that can be used to assess the emissions from, and removal efficiencies of, four biofilters on site. Odour sampling and analysis are designed to conform to EN 13725:2003 Air Quality Determination of Odour Thresholds by Dynamic Dilution Olfactometry and Envirochem Services Inc. s Odour Sampling Manual. Total VOC sampling and analysis has been designed by Envirochem Services Inc. to address the requirements of the permit in an efficient and reliable manner. Sampling is conducted once per quarter, with testing waived for the first calendar quarter of the year (January, February and March, inclusive). 3.0 SAMPLING EQUIPMENT The following equipment is used for collection of odour and VOC samples: 1. Sampling bags - New 10 litre pre-conditioned Tedlar bags. These are normally provided by the odour panel which is currently Environmental Odour Consulting. Nalophan bags may be used in the future if Tedlar bags are unavailable. 2. Sample tubing - New ¼ inch diameter Teflon tubing is currently used. 3. Kestrel 4000 Pocket Weather Tracker or similar 4. Records wind speed, temperature, and humidity. Data is also available from nearby weather stations. 5. Odour dilution probe, Scentroid DS5 Stack dilution probe (manufactured by IDES Canada Inc., see Figure 1), used to dilute air samples with carbon-filtered clean air to a pre-determined ratio. Cylinder of Carbon Filtered Scuba Air - Used in conjunction with the odour dilution probe to dilute the odour samples with clean (carbon filtered) air. 6. Photoionization Detector (PID) o Allows for measurement of VOC (excluding CH 4 ) in the field. o Calibrated using isobutylene, and checked with span/ bump gases of known concentration _ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A

31 2 FIGURE 1: ODOUR DILUTION PROBE WITH NITROGEN CYLINDER 4.0 SAMPLING LOCATIONS Quarterly sampling requires that the inlets and outlets of emission sources 3, 5, 6 and 8 are sampled (the four biofilters on site, shown in Figure 2), in such a manner that removal rates for VOC can be calculated, and odour removal can be described. Inlet measurements and samples will be conducted at the inlet duct, and the surface of the biofilter will be divided into a grid to enable representative measurements and sampling to be conducted. In addition to the source locations, it is proposed to collect one field blank of undiluted dilution air for analysis by the odour panel, Environmental Odour Consulting _ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A

32 3 FIGURE 2: SITE PLAN SHOWING EMISSION SOURCES IN PERMIT GVA SAMPLING METHODS The odour sample collection methodology used by Envirochem Services Inc. while sampling at Harvest Power s Richmond operation is consistent with the procedures specified in EN 13725:2003 Air Quality Determination of Odour Thresholds by Dynamic Dilution Olfactometry _ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A

33 4 Anna Bokowa of Environmental Odour Consulting has been consulted on the sampling plan and approves the methods described here for attaining the most accurate, reliable odour measurements. The method described here is for taking VOC measurements and odour samples with predilution. It is known from previous sampling experience at the site that there is a risk of condensation for all sources. EN 13725:2003 states that Pre-dilution of the stream of odorous gases shall be applied when there is a risk of condensation of the sample when stored at ambient conditions. 5.1 Sampling Set-up 1) Meet with a site representative to discuss the odour sampling plan and safety issues, and to make sure that all necessary processes are in operation and operating at representative rates. Ensure that the required operating data will be logged during the testing by Harvest Power operating staff. If Metro Vancouver employees are present to witness the testing then there is a short meeting to confirm the test program and activities. 2) Mark out a grid with 16 cells on the biofilter outlet. This can be done by marking the halfway point on each wall of the biofilter outlet with flagging tape (to give 4 grid cells), and then once again marking roughly halfway between the centre-point and each corner (to give 16 grid cells). Label cells on site notes with a north point as reference. 3) Write down any descriptors and the hedonic tone of the odour emission source. 4) If the sampling location is new, be sure to take a photo of the location. If the location has been tested before, make note of any changes. 5) Attach a t-connector to the outlet of the DS5, to allow VOC to be measured simultaneously with odour sample collection. 5.2 PID Zero/ Span Check, Collection of Field Odour Blank 1) A t-connector is attached to the DS5 outlet, and the PID probe is inserted. 2) The DS5 inlet is sealed, and the probe is used to collect a sample of 100% dilution air, which is labelled Field Blank and set aside in a dark bag. PID readings are taken while the Field blank is collected, and these readings are treated as a zero. 3) The PID is subjected to a span check, using 100% bump gas _ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A

34 5 5.3 Sample Collection 1) Biofilters should be sampled one at a time. Inlet and outlet samples should be collected alternately, using the same dilution probe. Collecting samples alternately rather than simultaneously also allows the work to be undertaken using a single dilution probe, which reduces the risk of imprecision that could be found between two different dilution instruments. Use of a single diluter also reduces sampling costs. The probe should be purged between each sample, according to the manufacturer s instructions. All samples should be collected (2 inlet, 2 outlet & VOC) from each biofilter before moving on to another. 2) To purge the bags and sample line, connect the bag to the DS5 outlet line, downstream of the T connector. Select the correct dilution factor on the probe (100:1 for stronger sources, 35:1 for weaker sources). Fill the bags so they are approximately one quarter full then stop. Ensure that air has gotten into all corners and edges of the sample bag. 3) Disconnect the bag, and squeeze the bag gently to purge sample air from the Tedlar bags. Do this until the bags are empty again. 4) Repeat steps 2 and 3 two more times. This ensures that the bags and sample lines have been purged and conditioned with the odourous sample air for a total of three times. 5) Connect the DS5 to the source. Where the source is the inlet, this should be connected using clean Teflon TM tubing, which is held in place in the centre of the inlet duct. Where the source is the outlet, the DS5 should be connected to a stainless steel chimney accumulation device. Samples are collected by holding down the button on the DS5 for a known period of time at a known dilution ratio. 6) At the Inlet, sampling equipment should be set up as shown in Figure 3. The sample should be collected continuously in one event, noting the start time and end time, and dilution factor, which should be set to 100:1 (Position 1 when using calibrated COA plate H ). PID readings are collected simultaneously using the t- connector, and a minimum of 16 readings should be taken _ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A

35 6 Tedlar sample tubing inserted into pre-drilled hole in Inlet Duct, and marked to ensure sample collection from centre of duct P.I.D. measurement from t-connecter DS5 Sample diluter Sample bag (removed for step 9) (Sample flow shown in blue) FIGURE 3: DIAGRAM TO SHOW EQUIPMENT SET-UP AT BIOFILTER INLETS 7) The outlet sample should be a composite of 16 timed grab samples, each collected from a different cell on the biofilter outlet. Each grab should be approximately 15 seconds, but timings can be adjusted on site as required, to ensure each cell is adequately sampled. The start time, end time and dilution factor (35:1, or Position 4 when using calibrated COA plate H ) should be recorded. 8) To set up the chimney accumulation device, and when moving from cell to cell, care should be taken to not disturb the surface of the biofilter. The device should be placed gently down and wrapped in a clean nylon tube to prevent ambient air from infiltrating under the device and diluting the sample. 9) For the first cell at each biofilter, the sample bag should be disconnected and sealed, the chimney should be unplugged, and the DS5 should be used to collect a sample which vents to atmosphere. PID readings should be taken, and the time it takes for these readings to stabilise should be noted. This is the time it takes for the chimney accumulation device to fill with the sample air. 10) The plug should then be replaced, and the sample bag should be reconnected. A 15 second grab should be taken, and a minimum of two VOC measurements should be recorded. Figure 4 shows the equipment set-up for collecting each outlet cell sample _ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A

36 7 Chimney Accumulation Device with Nylon tube to exclude ambient air (unplugged when setting up, plugged when sampling) P.I.D. measurement from t-connecter DS5 Sample diluter Sample bag (removed for step 9) (Emissions/ sample flow shown in blue) Biofilter Biofilter FIGURE 4: DIAGRAM TO SHOW EQUIPMENT SET-UP AT BIOFILTER OUTLETS. 11) The chimney device should then be moved to the next cell, and unplugged for sufficient time to fill with sample air. The plug is replaced and the next diluted grab sample is collected, and two more VOC measurements are recorded. 12) Bags should be filled until they are % full, to enable subsequent scentroid analysis on site by Harvest Power prior to shipping. Please note that some air should be released prior to packing and shipping, as the bags can burst in transit (by air) to the odour panel. Bags should be no more than 75% full if being transported by air. 13) Detach the sample bag(s) from the probe and immediately close the bag with the provided plastic peg and fitting. A small amount of sample may escape during this process. Tie on a label to the bag that depicts the sample ID and sample date. Do not write on the bag, or affix any labels to the surface of the bag. 14) Log sample ID and date on the chain of custody form to ensure and maintain sample integrity. Examine the bag for any leaks (apply slight pressure and re-check valves for tightness and proper seal) and if none are found then place the filled labelled inside a dark bag and container for temporary storage. Try to limit the amount of time the sample bag is exposed to sunlight as this can lead to degradation of odorous compounds. Some compounds are also susceptible to degradation from heat so the dark bag and container should be kept in the shade. Any abnormalities during sampling should be noted. 15) Pass samples to Harvest Power for scentroid analysis. Prior to shipping to the odour panel, repeat the sample integrity checks described in steps ) Purge the diluter in accordance with the manufacturer s specifications _ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A

37 8 17) Repeat set-up and collection steps for any subsequent sample locations. Do not re-use the Teflon sampling line that was cut for the previous location. In the case of very strong odours, possible cross-contamination or moisture, all tubing must be replaced. 18) Inlet and outlet samples will not be packaged or shipped together to reduce the risk of cross-contamination. Note: if condensation appears in the bag as the sample is being collected, or if the PID gives error messages due to moisture or readings deemed to be unreliably high or low by the samplers (based on their previous experience with sampling at the site), or if the results of repeat analyses vary significantly, then diluted VOC samples will be collected in bags and sent to a lab for analysis by gas chromatography (EPA method 18) _ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A

38 9 6.0 MAINTENANCE OF SAMPLE INTEGRITY The methods set out in this procedure are designed to ensure sample integrity. Sample integrity is ensured by: 1) Use of suitable and clean materials and equipment (such as clean sample line, and clean, conditioned Tedlar bags), 2) Diluting where necessary to avoid interference from condensation, 3) Shipping immediately following collection, to minimise the risk of odours degrading or altering over time. 7.0 SHIPPING AND CHAIN OF CUSTODY 1) After all samples have been collected, and are ready to ship, each is placed in a thin garbage bag, supplied by the odour panel. The double-bagged samples are then placed in a large plastic shipping container, with strong samples and weak samples packed separately. 2) Using the chain of custody as a reference, all samples are checked to ensure that they are present. The chain of custody form is copied, and placed in each shipping container along with the samples. A copy of the chain of custody is retained. An example of a chain of custody form used by Envirochem is shown in Appendix II. For all samples, analysis is requested for detection/recognition threshold as well as hedonic tone. 3) The lid of the shipping container is secured with duct tape to prevent it from accidentally opening during shipping, and address labels are attached. 4) Containers are shipped, either by pick-up or by delivery to courier depot. The shipment is sent by air, for 9am delivery next day, to ensure samples can be analysed within 30 hours of collection, as required by the EN 13725:2003 standard _ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A