Exploring a University Based Microgrid

Transcription

1 Exploring a University Based Microgrid November 3, 2016 Greater Philadelphia Chapter of Association of Energy Engineers Meeting Thomas Nyquist, P.E. Executive Director of Facilities Engineering Princeton University

2 Outline of Presentation 1.Definition of a Microgrid 2.Princeton University s Microgrid Assets 3.Benefits of a Microgrid 1. Reliability 2.Cost Savings 3. Environmental

3 Definition of a Microgrid A local electrical system that combines retail load and distributed generation. A microgrid may include integrated management of thermal and/or electrical load, thermal and/or electrical storage or a smart interface with the grid. It can operate in parallel or in isolation from the grid. KWH Local Generator Utility Meter Synchronizing Isolation Breaker Local Power Demands Central Utility Power Station KWH Utility Meter Isolation Breaker Local Power Demands

4 Outline of Presentation 1. Definition of a Microgrid 2.Princeton University s Microgrid Assets 3. Benefits of a Microgrid 1. Reliability 2. Cost 3. Environmental

5 Princeton University s Microgrids FROM PSEG FROM PSEG 15 MW 4.5 MWac COGEN ELM SUBSTATION SOLAR CHARLTON SUBSTATION WEST CAMPUS EAST CAMPUS 22 MW 6MW

6 Simplified Plant Flow Diagram PSEG Electricity Cogeneration Electricity Natural Gas Diesel Oil Chilled Water Storage Chilled Water Plant West Windsor Solar Steam Chilled Water Campus Energy Users Biodiesel Oil

7 Plant Energy Flows Solar PV Electricity PSEG Electricity Electricity Natural Gas Gas Turbine & HRSG Backpressure Turbines #2 Diesel Fuel Oil Biodiesel Fuel Oil Duct Burner for HRSG Auxiliary Boilers Chilled Water & Thermal Storage Systems Steam Chilled Water Campus Energy Users

8 Conventional Power Generation Natural Gas Air Gas Turbine Power Turbine Electric Generator Electricity Hot exhaust Gas ~ 33% efficient

9 Cogeneration Natural Gas Air Gas Turbine Power Turbine Electric Generator Electricity Natural Gas Hot exhaust Gas ~ 75-80% efficient Heat Recovery Boiler Steam

10 Chilled Water Plant Chilled Water Storage Steam Chiller Campus Electric Chiller

11 West Windsor Solar

12 System Design Large gas turbine gen set in CHP configuration Ability to run isochronous Underground utility distribution Multi-fuel Capability Load-shed capability Black start diesel

13 Outline of Presentation 1. Definition of a Microgrid 2. Princeton University s Microgrid Assets 3.Benefits of a Microgrid 1. Reliability 2. Cost 3. Environmental

14 Hurricane Sandy

15 Campus Power During Hurricane Sandy Campus Demand MW Gen Output MW Charlton Street Purchased MW Elm Drive Purchased MW Megawatts Oct 30-Oct 31-Oct 1-Nov

16 Outline of Presentation 1. Definition of a Microgrid 2. Princeton University s Microgrid Assets 3.Benefits of a Microgrid 1. Reliability 2. Cost 3. Environmental

17 Purchased Power and Power Price August 30, Total Campus Import, MW 80 Total Campus Imported Power, Megawatts PSEG LMP + Delivery, $/MWH PSEG Locational Marginal Price & Delivery, $/MWH :00 AM 2:00 AM 4:00 AM 6:00 AM 8:00 AM 10:00 AM 12:00 PM 2:00 PM 4:00 PM 6:00 PM 8:00 PM 10:00 PM 12:00 AM 0

18 Turbine Dispatch Turbine Output Price Turbine Output in MW Electric Price in $/mwh Time of Day $1.0 to 3.5 Million per year

19 Benefits to Grid and Princeton Princeton PJM Grid Demand (MW) Princeton Demand (MW) Savings ~ $1.6 million / year Time of Day

20 Ancillaries Cost Recovery 1. Demand Response FERC Frequency Response FERC Sync (Spinning) Reserve FERC 755

21 FERC 745: Payments for Load Reduction Payments = LMP Cost X Load Reduction Load Reduction from Baseline 0 12:00 AM 2:00 AM 4:00 AM 6:00 AM 8:00 AM 10:00 AM 12:00 PM 2:00 PM 4:00 PM 6:00 PM 8:00 PM 10:00 PM 12:00 AM

22 Frequency Regulation Environmental Issues and Transformative Technologies

23 Summary of Cost Savings Cost Reductions PJM Capacity Cost Transmission Cost PJM Electric Energy Cost (LMP) PSEG reduced MWh purchases Payments from PJM Demand Response Rapid Frequency Regulation Spinning Reserve

24 Outline of Presentation 1. Definition of a Microgrid 2. Princeton University s Microgrid Assets 3.Benefits of a Microgrid 1. Reliability 2. Cost 3. Environmental

25 Environmental Benefits Reduced greenhouse gas emissions and regulated pollutants due to very high plant efficiencies!!

26 Campus CO2 Goal Overall Progress Reductions In Progress: 27,000 MT CO 2

27 Campus CO2 Emissions Projections Metric Tons of CO 2 130, , , , , , ,000 95,000 90,000 85, Emissions: 107,000 Projected 2020 Emissions w/ New Construction loads and no ECMS: 124, Goal 95,500 MTCO 2 Distribution System Improvements 25% Lighting Improvement Projects 16% Building HVAC Replacements 9% Control System Optimization 7% HVAC Improvement Projects 15% Central Plant Efficiency 11% Photovoltaics 11% Undetermined 6% 2020 Reduction Goal 80,000 Base Year: 1990 Start Year: 2007

28 Questions