Assoc. Prof. Dr. Özgür ÖZDEMİR ASKİ Deputy General Manager 30 August 2018

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1 Water Lekeage Management in Malatya,Turkey. ASKİ Deputy General Manager 30 August 2018

2 EU ACCESSION PERIOD AND WATER SECTOR European Union (EU) membership process since 1999 Negotiations on full EU membership since 2004 Environment chapter has been officially opened on 21 st December, of

3 EU ENVIRONMENT CHAPTER In order to meet the benchmarks of the Water Sector under the Environment Chapter of EU; Turkey adopts legislation aimed at transposing the EU's horizontal and framework environmental legislation, including its transboundary aspects; Such as Water Framework Directive, Urban Waste Water Directive and Flood Directive Turkey adopts legislation aimed at transposing the acquis in the field of water quality, notably its Framework Water Protection Law; establishes River Basin Management Plans; and makes further significant progress in legislative alignment in this sector by adopting and implementing the EU legislation.

4 25 RIVER BASINS IN TURKEY

5 WATER POTENTIAL PER CAPITA YEAR POPULATION (MILLION) WATER POTENTIAL (m 3 /PERSON.YEAR) TURKEY IS A WATER-STRESSED COUNTRY

6 A BRIEF LOOK AT WATER MANAGEMENT İN TURKEY RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLAN SECTORAL WATER ALLOCATION PLANS WATER QUALITY MONITORING STUDIES Water Quality Management National Water Information System DROUGHT MANAGEMENT PLANS FLOOD MANAGEMENT PLANS

7 Problem statement Real losses in water distribution system Millions euro and billions mc of water lost every year Industrial cost: 226 millions euro per year Water losses: 2.6 billions mc of water per year Issues on water system management Earnings lost: 3 billions euro per year Night time closure from 12 am to 6 am

8 Problem statement Network complexity Quality aspects

9 Problem statement 1. We do not know how the networks actually works 2. The WS systems are very complex 3. We need to improve the WS management How shall we tackle these issues!?!

10 2018 Taipei International Water Environment Forum & Taipei Expo Solution (1/3) 1. WE DO NOT KNOW HOW THE NETWORK ACTUALLY WORKS IMPLEMENTATION OF A PERMANENT MONITORING SYSTEM IN OUT

11 2018 Taipei International Water Environment Forum & Taipei Expo Solution (2/3) THE WS SYSTEMS ARE VERY COMPLEX WE NEED TO IMPROVE THE WS MANAGEMENT SEGMENTATION OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM IN MONITORING DISTRICTS Trieste (DMAs) IT IS DIFFICULT Find the leakages Manage the system Improve the knowledge of the system DESIGN PROCESS DMA

12 2018 Taipei International Water Environment Forum & Taipei Expo Solution (3/3) 3. WE NEED TO IMPROVE THE WS MANAGEMENT NEW DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS STRUCTURED IN PRESSURE ZONES AND DISTRICTS (DMAs) Monitoring system concept

13 The Case Study of Malatya City Centre Network Malatya Su ve Kanalizasyon İdaresi (MASKI) Rehabilitation Project of Malatya city centre water supply system Project started on September 2015 and completed in March 2017 Permancence of Idrostudi-Sufen engineering team in Malatya for 1 year Project length 20MONTHS

14 Critical Aspects Water Balance calculation: significant real water losses of the water distribution network in Malatya water supply system Billed Authorized Consumption WATER BALANCE Revenue Water Inlet Volume to the System (Kaptaj) 94.2 Mm 3 /year Billed Consumption (customers) 28.2 Mm 3 /year Authorised Consumption Unbilled Authorized Consumption Total Unbilled Consumption 66.0 Mm 3 /year 70.1 % Unbilled Authorized Consumption (NRW) Public Parks 0.05 Mm 3 /year Mosques 0.8 Mm 3 /year System Input Volume Apparent Losses Road cleaning 0.9 Mm 3 /year Irrigation 8.98 Mm 3 /year Non-revenue Water (NRW) TOTAL NRW 10.7 Mm 3 /year 11.3 % Water Losses Real Losses Apparent Losses Under-metering error of house meters 4.0 Mm 3 /year 4.2 % Real Losses TOTAL (physical losses + overflow) 51.3 Mm 3 /year 54.1 %

15 Critical Aspects Classification of Malatya water system according to ILI index (IWA Task Force): 2018 Taipei International Water Environment Forum & Taipei Expo ILI = It s necessary to implement best practices on water management Calculation of ILI index:

16 2018 Taipei International Water Environment Forum & Taipei Expo Critical Aspects High level of water losses: about 54% of input volume HIGH LEAKAGE MNF lt/sec MNF lt/sec MNF lt/sec

17 Critical Aspects A lot of tanks: difficult management Many tanks have a low volume and same elevation Total capacity = m 3 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Percentage of tanks with volume < 1000 m 3 = 60 % < Volume [m 3 ]

18 Closure: 6 hours 05/10/ :00 02/10/ :00 29/09/ :00 26/09/ :00 23/09/ :00 20/09/ :00 17/09/ :00 14/09/ :00 11/09/ :00 08/09/ :00 05/09/ :00 02/09/ :00 30/08/ :00 27/08/ :00 24/08/ :00 21/08/ :00 18/08/ :00 15/08/ :00 12/08/ :00 09/08/ :00 06/08/ :00 03/08/ : /07/ : LOW LEVELS IN THE STORAGE TANKS 28/07/ :00 25/07/ :00 22/07/ :00 19/07/ :00 16/07/ :00 13/07/ :00 10/07/ :00 07/07/ :00 04/07/ :00 01/07/ :00 28/06/ :00 25/06/ : /06/ : /06/ :00 05/10/ :00 02/10/ :00 Melek Baba ( m3) water level 29/09/ : /09/ :00 23/09/ :00 20/09/ :00 17/09/ :00 14/09/ :00 11/09/ :00 08/09/ :00 05/09/ :00 02/09/ :00 30/08/ :00 27/08/ :00 24/08/ :00 21/08/ :00 18/08/ :00 15/08/ :00 12/08/ :00 09/08/ :00 06/08/ :00 03/08/ :00 31/07/ :00 28/07/ :00 25/07/ : /07/ : /07/ :00 16/07/ :00 13/07/ :00 10/07/ :00 07/07/ :00 04/07/ :00 01/07/ :00 28/06/ :00 25/06/ :00 22/06/ :00 19/06/ : Taipei International Water Environment Forum & Taipei Expo Critical Aspects Critical water level in main service tanks Low distribution service due to closures during nighttime for high leakage Yaprakli ( m3) water level Closure: 2.5 hours Operation made by MASKI of valve closure during night in order to fill Melek Baba tank

19 Strategy Definition 2018 Taipei International Water Environment Forum & Taipei Expo Analysis of the existing water supply system: survey, specific monitoring and numerical modeling, identification of critial aspects Analysis of non-revenue consumptions (NRW) Monitoring of 17 pilot DMAs and onsite leak detection Development of Master Plan at 2071 water demand scenarios: main pipes, pressures zones and districts Education and training activity of MASKi technicians 6 Long-term water loss reduction strategy

20 1. Water Management of the Existing Distribution System Measuring station 93 Minitored DMAs 17 Network length under permanent monitoring 185KM Total found leaks 190 Totale saved water 110lt/s 2. Numerical modeling Numerical Modeling Real-Time Model 2780KM 1100KM 3.Master Plan Population 1.2M Total reservoirs 18 Pressure Zones 13 DMAs 140 Hydro 2

21 1. Water Management of the Existing Distribution System Measuring station 93 Minitored DMAs 17 Network length under permanent monitoring 185KM Total found leaks 190 Totale saved water 110lt/s 2. Numerical modeling Numerical Modeling Real-Time Model 2780KM 1100KM 3.Master Plan Population 1.2M Total reservoirs 18 Pressure Zones 13 DMAs 140 Hydro 2

22 1. Water Management of the Existing Distribution System Measuring station 93 Minitored DMAs 17 Network length under permanent monitoring 185KM Total found leaks 190 Totale saved water 110lt/s 2. Numerical modeling Numerical Modeling Real-Time Model 2780KM 1100KM 3.Master Plan Population 1.2M Total reservoirs 18 Pressure Zones 13 DMAs 140 Hydro 2

23 NETWORK PERFORMANCE (IR) DMA design process 2018 Taipei International Water Environment Forum & Taipei Expo DMA-OptimizerOPTIMIZER 3 DMAs 5 DMAs (interoperability with GIS software) 1) Define DMA s boundaries Clustering Algorithm 2) Optimization of flowmeters Genetic Algorithms (NSGAII, etc.) High efficieny Low Cost FLOWMETER NUMBER

24 DMA design process 2018 Taipei International Water Environment Forum & Taipei Expo OPTIMIZER CLUSTERING ALGORITHM: MODULARITY-BASED PROCESS Modularity (Q): mathematical function representing the quality of vertex division of a graph into districts (i.e. DMAs) It represents the density of inner connections inside a district compared to external links It depends on the network topology Maximum modularity: network nodes strongly connected inside district and weakly linked to other districts (Clauset et al., 2004) Total n of pipes 1 2m Q v w A vw vw c, v Adjacency Matrix k k 2m Node Grade c w Linking function: 1 v,w = community 0 otherwise

25 2018 Taipei International Water Environment Forum & Taipei Expo Monitoring of DMAs 1. Data of flows and pressure are sent via GSM/GPRS by KAPTORS to MASKi server 2. Real-time data are checked and stored in a specific database in MASKi server 3. Implementation of DMAs in Waterguard Implementation of DMAs in Waterguard PILOT DMAs FLOWMETERS Remote control system of Waterguard MASKI Server

26 Leakage Detection Results 2018 Taipei International Water Environment Forum & Taipei Expo Leakage Management Database in WAterguard District Zone Number of detected leaks Number of repaired leaks OAB1 Ҫavuşoǧlu 5 0 OAB2 Toki OAB3 Yakınca OAB4 Yeşilkaynak 12 6 OAB5 Inonu 3 0 OAB6 Dabakhane OAB7 Kavaklibaǧ OAB8 Sanayi OAB9 Nuriye 7 5 OAB10 Fırat 0 0 OAB11 Cosnuk 0 0 OAB12 Venk 0 0 OAB13 Akpinar OAB14 Saricioǧlu 0 0 OAB15 Goztepe OAB16 Asagi Cosnuk 0 0 OAB17 Saray 0 0 TOT

27 Saved Water in Malatya Water Supply System District Zone Network length [km] Number of subscribers MNF before [l/s] MNF Target [l/s] MNF after [l/s] Saved water [l/s] OAB1 Ҫavuşoǧlu OAB2 Toki OAB3 Yakınca OAB4 Yeşilkaynak OAB5 Inonu OAB6 Dabakhane OAB7 Kavaklibaǧ OAB8 Sanayi OAB9 Nuriye OAB10 Fırat OAB11 Cosnuk OAB12 Venk OAB13 Akpinar OAB14 Saricioǧlu OAB15 Goztepe OAB16 Asagi Cosnuk OAB17 Saray TOT 117.5

28 Application example: Dabakhane district MNF method: optimal value (WRc, AWWA, 1994) MNF 38 lt/sec Industrial users N IND 0 us Civil users N CIV 2629 us Total users N TOT 2629 us Pressure correction factor PCF Network length l 7.89 km MNF 20 lt/sec Average pressure p 65 m H2O Pipelines leakages coefficient Houses connections leakages coefficient C 1 60 l/km/h C l/us/h Unavoidable leakage Q leak l/h 5.0 l/s Target (WRc ) 6.4 lt/sec Anthropic minimum night flow Q cons 4969 l/h 1.4 l/s MINIMUM NIGHT FLOW MNF l/h 6.4 l/s TARGET

29 Application example: Dabakhane district Without permanent monitoring MNF 38 lt/sec MNF 20 lt/sec With permanent monitoring and DMAs Leakage reduction determines pressure increase and more stress on pipe junction Target (WRc ) 6.4 lt/sec

30 2018 Taipei International Water Environment Forum & Taipei Expo Pressure management TRIESTE Case Study: Trieste (Italy), city centre district Installation of Pressure Reducing Valves Works finished INSTALLATION FIXED OUTLET PRVs ΔP = 3 bar

31 Pressure management Case Study: Trieste, PRV on transmission main DN900 from wells field BIM design DN=900 mm Wells field PRV Adriatic sea Adriatic sea TRIESTE ΔP = 2 bar

32 2018 Taipei International Water Environment Forum & Taipei Expo Pressure management Case Study of Malatya: Master Plan of Transmission Mains and Distribution Network Full network numerical model Flowmeter 13 pressure zones Pressure zone A DMA 3 DMA 1 DMA 2 Closed valve Design of Pressure Zones Linear relationship between pressure and leakage: 10% less pressure 140 DMAs Design of DMAs Monitoring system concept 10% less leakage

33 Thank you for your attention