Effluent Treatment Methods And Reverse Osmosis and its Rejects Handling

Transcription

1 Effluent Treatment Methods And Reverse Osmosis and its Rejects Handling Dr P P Lal Krishna Chief Executive Officer Ramky Pharma City (India) Ltd Developer of Jawaharlal Nehru Pharma City - Vizag

2 TREATMENT METHODS PRIMARY TREATMENT SECONDARY TREATMENT TERTIARY TREATMENT

3 Raw Effluent Primary Treatment Secondary Treatment Treated Effluent Tertiary Treatment

4 Depends on Nature and Strength of Pollutants Quantity of Flow Discharge License Conditions

5 PRIMARY TREATMENT Largely a physical process Usually removes 40-75% of TSS and 25-40% of BOD Pretreatment with air or chlorine requirement in certain cases

6 SECONDARYTREATMENT Central process is biological in which dissolved organics are utilised by micro organisms Hence, secondary treatment is often known as biological treatment The concomitant growth of biomass (cells) and substrate removal must be followed by separation

7 TERTIARY TREATMENT METHODS Disinfection Oxidation Chemical dosing for water quality correction Chemically aided settling Filtration Softening Activated carbon treatment Demineralization Reverse Osmosis

8 Industries Facing problem to achieve ZLD Only in tertiary treatment Due to small volume High capital and running cost Lack of technical staff to operate Advanced Technologies like membrane systems, evaporators, crystallizers, driers etc Discussion follows.

9 Requirements of ZLD RO Reject handling High TDS To operate the ZLD, Membrane and Evaporation systems are important Fundamentals of the Membrane and evaporation will be discussed in next slides

10 Membrane Separation Angstrom Aqueous Salts Sugars Viruses Colloids Bacteria Pollens Beach Sand Particle Filtration Microfiltration Reverse Osmosis Ultrafiltration Nano- Filtration

11 MEMBRANE PERMEATION

12 MEMBRANE PERMEATION Water

13 MEMBRANE PERMEATION Macromolecules Water

14 MEMBRANE PERMEATION Dissolved Solids Macromolecules Water

15 BASICS OF REVERSE OSMOSIS 19

16 Osmotic Processes Concentrated Solution Pure Water

17 Osmotic Processes Concentrated Solution Pure Water Osmosis

18 Osmotic Processes Concentrated Solution Pure Water

19 Osmotic Processes Pressure Concentrated Solution Pure Water Reverse Osmosis

20 Reverse Osmosis Water Flow Product Feed Ions Concentrate

21 Simplified RO System Feed Water Pump Concentrate Permeate 100 to 400 psi (brackish water) 800 to 1,200 psi (seawater)

22 Reverse Osmosis Involves Application of pressure greater than osmotic pressure of solution Diffusion of water but not salt through a semi permeable membrane in direction opposite of natural flow Cross flow filtration to sweep away concentrated salts

23 WHAT IT CAN DO? Remove purified water from a feed stream (permeate) Concentrate chemicals in a feed stream (reject) Selectively separates small ions and molecules WHAT IT CAN NOT DO? Cannot concentrate to 100% Cannot separate to 100% Cannot reject gases and is Not always the most cost effective method

24 Membrane Performance Feed Permeate Reject (Brine)

25 RO System Flow Diagram 2 STAGES 1 TRAIN FEED 50% MAXIMUM RECOVERY per STAGE 4:2 ARRAY 20 m 3 /hr 10 mg/l 20 m 3 /hr 13 mg/l 10 m 3 /hr 20 mg/l PERMEATE 40 m 3 /hr 100 mg/l 200 mg/l 10 m 3 /hr 1st stage 2nd stage CONCENTRATE mg/l

26 Membrane Materials Cellulose Acetate (CA) Polyamide (PA)

27 Schematic Cross-Section Thin-film Composite Membranes

28 Schematic Cross Section Microporous Support Ultrathin Barrier Layer Reinforcing Fabric THIN FILM COMPOSITE MEMBRANES

29 Cross-Section of Thin-film Composite Membranes Polyamide Polysulfone 0.2 µm Ultrathin Barrier Layer Microporous Polysulfone Reinforcing Fabric 40 µm 120 µm 7 //

30 Impurities in Water RO Removes Ionic Non ionic Particulate Microbiological

31 Use of Reverse Osmosis Potable Water Ultra pure Water Boiler Feed water Process Water Cooling Tower Blow down Water Reuse / Zero Discharge Industrial Process Stream Concentrations

32 Handling of Reverse Osmosis Plant Rejects

33 EVAPORATORS

34 Introduction to evaporation

35 Evaporator basics The liquid feed moves on the "hot" inner walls in an evaporator. Heat is continuously transferred from the outside of the wall to the inside, thereby heating up the liquid to the boiling point where water evaporates from the liquid feed.

36 Liquid distribution One of the most important issues influencing the effectiveness of the evaporation is the distribution of the liquid on the inner walls. To make the evaporation effective the liquid film on the inner walls should be as thin as possible. However, if the film is too thin, the product will burn on the walls, therefore it is very important to be able to control the thickness of the film also known as "the wetting rate".

37 Applications Spent Waste Water (Distilleries) General Waste Water from Process and Utility Industry..

38 TYPES OF EVPORATORS Types of Evaporators 1) Long-Tube Vertical Evaporators 2) Short-Tube (Calandria) Vertical Evaporators 3) Horizontal-Tube Evaporators 4) Forced Circulation Evaporators 5) Agitated, Thin Film Evaporators

39 Forced Circulation evaporator

40 FORCED CIRCILATION EVAPORATORS The liquor in a forced-circulation evaporator is pumped through the tubes to minimize tube scaling or salting when precipitates are formed during evaporation. Submerged-tube type is the most common type forced circulation evaporator. Forced circulation evaporators are used in the mining industry, and also they are used to evaporate corrosive or highly viscous solutions. Forced circulation evaporators are efficient the transfers heat from steam to liquid, continuous liquid flow, low amount of salting, scaling and fouling. They are expensive and need power for circulating pump

41 General Scheme of ETP solution

42 Textile Effluent Treatment scheme

43 ZLD System for Grain Based Distilleries

44 Energy efficient Evaporator for Black Liquor Concentration

45 General Scheme for Effluent Treatment

46 General Scheme for Effluent Treatment

47 EXPERIENCE OF JAWAHARLAL NEHRU PHARMA CITY House of 100 pharma companies in 2400 acres of notified industrial estate at VISAKHAPATNAM ANDHRA PRADESH

48 JNPC IS ONELY ONE INDUSTRIAL PARK IN INDIA OFFERING INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SERVICES UNDER ONE ROOF ANY KIND OF PHARMA WASTE CAN BE TREATED IN THEIR COMMON FACILITY EXCEPT RADIO ACTIVE WASTE

49 EFFLUENT MANAGEMENT PLAN AT JNPC Effluent Collection Incinerator Pharma Units CETP Marine Out fall Diffuser - 15 Mt. Off shore 49

50 Multiple Effect Evaporator Operation - stage wise Images MEE Feed MEE Condensate MEE Concentrate Drier Salt In this system 90% of the Toxic Waste, generating by the member industries are handled and disposed scientifically with in the Pharmacity without damaging Environment 50

51 Guard Ponds Guard Ponds to store Effluents before disposal into Marine outfall system 51

52 On line TOC analyzer & its Display (LED) and online data logging at Guard ponds on MOF (Marine Outfall) discharge stream 52

53 MOF Pipeline during the Installation 53

54 MONITORING SYSTEMS 54

55 Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Systems Thadi Village Thanam Village SEZ Park Level Monitoring of AAQ 55

56 Central Console for Centralized Monitoring Central Console CAAQMS Stations placed in 3 areas around the park and all these stations have been linked to Central Console at Commercial Hub, all these data has been uploaded to APPCB Website. 56

57 All three CAAQM stations data has been uploaded to APPCB web site. Link : 57

58 Park Level ISO 9001:2008 Certificate 58

59 The experience of JNPC & RAMKY group can address the issue of Reverse Osmosis rejects & High Concentrated effluent generating from various industries like pharma, chemicals, Tannery, textiles, distillery & any other process and utility industries by providing common treatment plant comprising advanced technologies including evaporators, crystallizers, incinerators, membrane application to reduce the hassles of individual units located in Tamil Nadu. This kind of facility will facilitate to the units to concentrate on their core production activity and generate the revenue to the country and society

60 Thank You!