Prepare for Learning. A 4000 year old corpse preserved in ice. Why hasn t it decomposed?

Transcription

1 Prepare for Learning A 4000 year old corpse preserved in ice. Why hasn t it decomposed?

2 Why is carbon important? Carbon is the main constituent of all living cells (biochemistry, organic chemistry) Component of fuel (coal and gas) Bacteria breaks down carbon, the absence prevents decomposition Using these statements, have a go at drawing your own basic carbon cycle diagram.

3 Did it look anything like this?

4 Learning Objectives- Key idea 6.1 Title: Global carbon terrestrial stores and the long-term geological cycle a) The biogeochemical carbon cycle consists of carbon stores of different sizes (terrestrial, oceans and atmosphere), with annual fluxes between stores of varying size (measured in Pg/Gt), rates and on different timescales. b) Most of the earth s carbon is geological, resulting from the formation of sedimentary carbonate rocks (limestone) in the oceans and biologically derived carbon in shale, coal and other rocks. c) Geological processes release carbon into the atmosphere through volcanic out-gassing at ocean ridges/subduction zones and chemical weathering of rocks. For this lesson it will be useful to start your own Glossary for all the new terms we will be using. As this will continually be added to throughout the lessons and you will want to reorder (alphabetically) I advise you do this electronically.

5 The biogeochemical cycles Biogeochemical - relating to or denoting the cycle in which chemical elements are transferred between living systems and the environment These include the carbon, hydrological and nitrogen cycles. These are natural processes that recycle nutrients in various chemical forms from the environment, to organisms, and then back to the environment.

6 The Carbon Cycle The carbon cycle is just one of these biogeochemical cycles. It can be defined as the building blocks of life, in which the exchange of carbon takes place between four main reservoirs the atmosphere, the biosphere, the hydrosphere and the lithosphere. 1. Write out the definition and label where each sphere can be found on your diagram. 2. Then add these extra details to your terms: - As dissolved CO2 - As carbonates in limestone and fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas - In living and dead organisms - As carbon dioxide (CO2) and compounds such as methane (CH4)

7 Extra info: The 4 Spheres of Earth The area near the surface of the earth can be divided into four interconnected spheres: lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere. Think of them as four interconnected parts that make up a complete system, in this case, of life on earth. Environmental scientists use this system to classify and study the organic and inorganic materials found on the planet. The names of the four spheres are derived from the Greek words for stone (litho), air or vapor (atmo), water (hydro) and life (bio).

8 D the ending of life Present New Information Glossary BURNING PHOTOSYNTHESIS DECAY DEATH FEEDING RESPIRATION BURIAL AND SEDIMENTATION B release of energy from fossil fuels R the release of energy in living cells which produces Carbon dioxide F consumers taking in food P the process by which a green plant makes its own food D rotting down of dead organisms B A S formation of fossils

9 Present New Information

10 The Carbon Cycle Plants make carbon compounds from carbon dioxide they take from the air. This happens in photosynthesis.

11 Animals obtain carbon compounds by eating plants or other animals, or both.

12 Animals and plants return carbon back to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide when they respire.

13 When animals and plants die, microbes digest them and obtain carbon compounds from their bodies.

14 Microbes respire, this releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

15 Burning of wood and fossil fuels releases large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Human activities (anthropogenic) have caused an imbalance in the natural carbon cycle. There is now more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere than before.

16 he Carbon Cycle- Add the phrases in the right These microbes also release CO 2 through respiration Animals release CO 2 through respiration place CO 2 in air CO 2 is taken in by plants for photosynthesis and turned into carbohydrates Plants release CO 2 through respiration Animals (and plants) die and their remains are fed on by microbes The carbon taken in by plants is then eaten by animals

17 The Carbon Cycle Plants take in CO 2 because they need carbon and oxygen to use in photosynthesis Through photosynthesis plants make glucose (carbohydrate) e.g. protein and other substances When animals eat plants they use some of the carbon containing compounds to grow Some carbon-containing compounds are used to release energy by respiration.

18 Apply to Demonstrate New Understanding This is a proportional diagram it shows the amount of a component. Using this diagram explain the carbon cycle. Discuss the size of the stores (atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, lithosphere), the annual fluxes between stores and how much is in each store. A Petagram (Pg) of carbon, also known as a Gigaton (Gt), is equal to one quadrillion (1,000,000,0 00,000,000) grams.

19 Review Homework complete the worksheet

20 Review The carbon cycle True or false?

21 Green plants use carbon dioxide in photosynthesis. True

22 Combustion removes carbon from the atmosphere False combustion releases carbon dioxide gas

23 The largest store of carbon is the atmosphere False more is found in geological limestone rock deposits

24 Respiration adds carbon dioxide to the atmosphere True

25 Respiration only occurs in animals False both animals and plants respire

26 Decomposers remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere False they respire and release carbon dioxide

27 Fossil fuels represent a huge (but decreasing) store of carbon True

28 Increasing carbon dioxide may cause global cooling False scientists think it will cause global warming

29 Energy is transferred from plants to animals to decomposers True

30 Respiration releases energy to the environment in the form of heat True