AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF BAGASSE ASH IN CONCRETE MIX

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1 International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 8, Issue 5, May 2017, pp , Article ID: IJCIET_08_05_038 Available online at aeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtyp pe=8&itype=5 ISSN Print: and ISSN Online: IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF BAGASSE ASH IN BASALT CONCRETE MIX K.V.Ramesh and R.Goutham B.Tech Final Year, Department of Civil Engineering, KL University, AP, India. I. Siva Kishore Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, KL University, AP, India. ABSTRACT The demand and use of cement is increasing gradually. For that it needs to invent alternative binding materials that can be pollution less and helps towards waste management. Most of the waste is produced from the agricultural and industrials. If we use this agricultural and industrial waste that can help in reduction of waste is in focus. Methods: In this work one of the agro industrial wastes called (SCBA) sugarcane bagasse ash has been used as partial replacement of cement and normal coarse aggregateis replaced with Basalt aggregate. Sugar cane bagasse ash is produced by burning of sugarcane bagasse at high temperature under controlled conditions. At high temperature under controlled condition bagasse is burned to obtain ash which contains high amorphous silica. In this paper the partial replacement of cement by weight by 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by SCBA in concrete. A comparison is made for 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% only basalt mix and nominal mixes by conducting test known as compressive strength test for 3 days, 7 days and 28 days. The test results shows that Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) can be used as a partial replacement of cement up to 5% by weight of cement without any major loss in strength. Key words: (SCBA) Sugar Cane Bagasse ash,agricultural waste, Basalt aggregate. Cite this Article: K.V.Ramesh, R.Goutham and I. Siva Kishore An Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Bagasse Ash in Basalt Concrete Mix. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(5), 2017, pp IET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&ITy ype=5 INTRODUCTION The three main components of concrete are cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water. In these three components cement is the most important constituent of concrete. During the cement production one of the greenhouse gas called carbon dioxide is emitted, editor@iaeme.com

2 An Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Bagasse Ash in Basalt Concrete Mix which will cause global warming. In ordered to reduce this global warming some of the Agro wastes are used in construction material. Some of the Agro wastes such as wheat straw ash, rice husk ash, hazel nutshell and sugarcane bagasse ash are used as pozzolanic materials for the development of concrete. In this project (SCBA) sugarcane bagasse ash is used as a partial replacement of cement by weight million Ha area of land is cultivated sugarcane in the world. Total sugar cane cultivated area is with a total production of 1334 million metric tons. The cultivated area and production is different from one country to another country. Brazil has the highest area of 5.4 million ha, while Australia has the highest productivity (84.1 tons/ha). In world there are total 121 countries producing sugarcane, out of these countries 15 countries are 86.2% of area and 87.4% of production namely Brazil,Thailand,India,China,Pakistan,Cuba,Columbia,Mexico,Australia,USA,Philippines,Sou thafrica,argentina,myanmar,bangladesh.out of the total white crystal sugar production, approximately 70 to 72% comes from sugarcane and 28 to 30% from sugar beet. Processing of it in a sugar-mill generates about 10million tonnes of SCBA as a waste material. One tonne of sugarcane can generate approximate 24.9% of bagasse and 0.64% of residual ash. The residue after combustion presents a chemical composition dominates by silicon dioxide. Production and utilization of concrete has rapidly increased, which results in increased in Consumption of natural aggregate which is the largest concrete component. It is well recognized that coarse aggregate plays an important role in concrete. In concrete mix coarse aggregate occupies over 1/3 of the volume of concrete, and research indicates that changes in coarse aggregate can also change the fracture properties and strength of concrete. To predict the behaviour of concrete under general loading conditions requires an understanding of the effects of 1. Aggregate type, 2. Aggregate size, 3. Aggregate content. This understanding can only be gained through extensive observation and testing. Basalt is used in many countries for different construction purposes especially in airfield pavement construction and highway constructions. This type of tight grained structure provides excellent UV resistance and high abrasion. The crushed and graded aggregate is essentially free of moisture. Study of basalt rocks has been investigated by Kishore et al. [1]. The basalt aggregates are lower in absorption and abrasion loss values and higher in specific gravity values. Based on above comparison, it is clearly obvious that basalt is likely to be suitable for use in concrete mixes. Chemical composition of cement Component Cement SiO2 20 Al2O3 6 CaO 3 MgO 63 Fe2O3 1.5 SO3 2 K2O editor@iaeme.com

3 K.V.Ramesh, R.Goutham and I. Siva Kishore Chemical Composition of Basaltic Aggregate COMPOUND PERCENTAGE Properties of Basalt Aggregates Aluminium oxide 14.4 Silicon dioxide 48.0 Calcium oxide 6.18 Iron oxide 15.1 Magnesium oxide 5.95 Sodium oxide 4.05 Potassium oxide 2.29 Titanium oxide 2.29 Other oxides 1.74 Properties Basalt Specific gravity 2.83 Abrasion (%) 18 Absorption (%) 1.6 OBJECTIVES To evaluate the feasibility of using bagasse ash and basalt aggregate in concrete mixes in ordered to produce an economical concrete mix with relatively higher strength and good workability. METHODOLOGY Mix Design: As per IS: 10262:2009. The mix proportion is 1:1.9998:3.37 and with watercement ratio maintained 0.55 MIX DESIGN FOR M-20 GRADE CONCRETE a) Design Specifications: Target compressive strength for M20 grade = 26.6 N/mm2 Cement = OPC53 grade Size of aggregate = 20mm Slump = mm Quality control= Good Degree of exposure = moderate condition b) Test data for materials: Specific gravity of Cement = 3.15 Specific gravity of Basalt Aggregate = 2.83 (20mm) Specific gravity of F.A = 2.74 c) Target mean strength: Standard deviation for M20= 4 N/mm editor@iaeme.com

4 An Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Bagasse Ash in Basalt Concrete Mix Target average compressive strength at 28 days F ck = f ck (s) = (4) = 26.6 N/mm2 d) Selection of W/C ratio: For moderate condition the maximum water cement ratio is 0.55 e) Calculation of water content: Maximum water content = 197.4kg f) Calculation of cement content: w/c ratio = 0.55 Cement content = water content/ (w/c ratio) = 197.4/0.55 = kg/m3 g) Mix proportions: Cement: Fine aggregate: Coarse aggregate: Water :716.76: :1.9998:3.37 Experimental work: Basalt aggregate is collected from stone crusher in Kovvuru area and Sugar cane bagasse ash is collected from the sugar factory and it is used as cement replacement material. The cement is replaced with the different percentages (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20) of SCBA by the weight of cement or cement weight. Test procedure: The mix of concrete mix is cast in 36 cube moulds of size 150 mmx150mm 150mm. The concrete samples are immersed in water after 24 hours of casting. Tests are conducted after 3, 7 and 28 days of curing. MATERIALS Cement: OPC Of 53 grades, conforming to IS: is used with specific gravity of Fine aggregate: Fine aggregate used is collected from the local sand quarry. Tests on fine aggregate are conducted as per IS: From the test results it is found that specific gravity is Fine aggregate belongs to zone III grade having fineness modulus of Coarse aggregate: Basalt aggregate of 20mm size is used. The specific gravity is 2.83 Water: Portable water conforming to IS 456:2000 Sugarcane Bagasse ash: Sugar cane bagasse ash (SCBA) is collected from sugar factory called K.C.P sugar factory which is in Vuyyuru area, Andhra Pradesh. It is sieved through 90 µ and used. The specific gravity of sugar cane bagasse ash is RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Table 1 Compressive Strength 3 Days A0=SCBA up to 0% replacement in Basalt concrete mix Mix % of SCBA 3 Day (MPa) M20 A A A A A A1= SCBA up to 5% replacement in Basalt concrete mix A2= SCBA up to 10% replacement in Basalt concrete mix A3= SCBA up to 15% replacement in Basalt concrete mix A4= SCBA up to 20% replacement in Basalt concrete mix editor@iaeme.com

5 K.V.Ramesh, R.Goutham and I. Siva Kishore Compressive Strength for 3 Days % SCBA 3 Day(Mpa) Graph 1 Compressive Strength 3 Days Table 2 Compressive strength for 7 days Mix(M20) % of SCBA 7 Day (MPa) A A A A A Compressive Strength for 7days % SCBA 7 Day(Mpa) Graph 2 Compressive Strength 7 Days editor@iaeme.com

6 An Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Bagasse Ash in Basalt Concrete Mix Table 3 Compressive strength for 28days Mix(M20) % of SCBA 28 Day (MPa) A A A A A Compressive Strength for 28 days % SCBA 28 Day(Mpa) CONCLUSION Graph 3 Compressive Strength 28 Days 1. The test results show that Sugarcane Bagasse Ash can be utilized for partial replacement of cement up to 10% by weight of cement without any major loss of strength. 2. The results showed that strength when compared 3. By replacement of cement with Bagasse ash Greenhouse gasses emissionss can be reduced. 4. Due to slow pozzolanic reactions Mechanical properties of concrete are developed in later ages. REFFERENCES the concrete with 5% of SCBA after 28 days of curing had higher to concrete with other replacement percentages. [1] I. Siva Kishore, L. Mounika, C.M. Prasad and B. Hari Krishna, Experimental Study on the Use of Basalt Aggregate in Concrete Mixes, International Journal of Civil Engineering, vol.2, Iss.4 April [2] I. Siva Kishore, Ch. MallikaChowdary, Experimental Study on the Use of Basalt Aggregate in High Strength Concrete Mix, International Journal of Civil Engineering, vol.2, Iss.6 April [3] I. Siva Kishore, Ch. MallikaChowdary, T.N.SeshuBabu, K.P.Nandini "A Case Study on Waste Utilization of sugar cane bagasse ash in Concrete Mix", International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT), V25(3), July editor@iaeme.com

7 K.V.Ramesh, R.Goutham and I. Siva Kishore [4] K. Kiran and I. Siva Kishore, An Experimental Study On Partial Replacement of Cement with Bagasse Ash In Concrete Mix. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(1), 2017, pp [5] K. Akhilesh Reddy and I. Siva Kishore, Study on Behaviour of Partial Replacement of Cement with Sugarcane Bagasse Ash For High Strength Concrete Mix International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(1), 2017, pp [6] K. Sandeep Dutt, K. Vinay Kumar, I. Siva Kishore, Ch. MallikaChowdary" A Case Study on Fly Ash Based Geo-Polymer Concrete", International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT), V34 (2), April [7] Rambabu, P.V., Gupta, K.D. and Ramarao, G.V., Effect of Sulphates (Na2So4) On Concrete with Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as a Pozzolana. [8] Kandaswamy A N, Sivakumar D, Ponvalavan M, Jagathan Prakash A. Experimental Study on Concrete Blended With Sugarcane Bagasse Ash. International Journal of Advanced Information Science and Technology December; 32(32), [9] I. Siva Kishore, Ch. MallikaChowdary, Influence of Steel Fibers as Admix In Normal Concrete Mix. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 7(1), 2016, pp [10] I. Siva Kishore, Ch. MallikaChowdary. A Study on Waste Utilization of Marble Dust in High Strength Concrete Mix. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 6(12), 2015, pp [11] Kandaswamy A N, Sivakumar D, Ponvalavan M, JagathanPrakaash A. Experimental Study on Concrete Blended With Sugarcane Bagasse Ash. International Journal of Advanced Information Science and Technology December; 32(32), [12] R.Srinivasan, K.Sathiya. Experimental Study on Bagasse Ash in Concrete. International Journal for Service Learning in Engineering Vol. 5, No. 2, pp , Fall 2010 ISSN [13] T.Malyadri, J. Supriya.Experimental Study on Bagasse Ash in Concrete by Partially Replacement with Cement. International Journal of Computer Engineering In Research Trends, Volume 2, Issue 12, December-2015, pp ISSN (O): editor@iaeme.com