Overview of Water Framework Directive implementation in Sweden

Transcription

1 Overview of Water Framework Directive implementation in Sweden Marie Berghult, Head of Marine and Water Administration

2 Anthropogenic pressures Nutrients Hydropower and dams Chemicals substances Emerging issues 2

3 Some positive trends, examples The transport of nitrogen (both as total and inorganic) from rivers to sea areas has decreased Pressure of total phosphorus has decreased from source to sea Decreasing trend for e.g. TBT, lead and pesticides However High levels of mercury and PBDE in biota are found in all waterbodies High levels of metals (Pb, Cd, Ni), PAH and TBT and pesticides found in several waterbodies BSAP targets are not met 3

4 Status of Swedish waters Ecological status 2009 Ecological status 2015 Reasons: New hydromorphological environmental quality criteria More knowledge (data and models)

5 Actions points from EU COM Monitoring business as usual is not an option How will SE design the next RBMPs to ensure a better link between pressures and measures Ensure that Article 4(7) is fully implemented 5

6 Monitoring The government currently reviews how environmental monitoring is organized, what it should cover and how the different parts should be funded. A special investigator is appointed, Åsa Romson, former Minister for Climate and Environment The aim of the investigation is to get a clear distribution of responsibilities for environmental monitoring, more effective use of resources and increased accessibility to collected environmental information 6

7 Groundwater monitoring Increased groundwater monitoring ( ) Overall objective - more focus on groundwater bodies at risk Inventory of new monitoring stations in risk GWBs Establishing closer cooperation with municipal water work to increase parameter list for control of raw water Screening of pharmaceuticals and hazardous substances in 5 urban areas Inventory of 5 sites with groundwater dependent ecosystems New routines for including chemical characterisation during groundwater mapping by the geological survey Evaluation of parameter settings in the national monitoring and evaluation if stations are representative 7

8 Program of measures More clear connection between pressures and measures Solution Needs National authorities- Regulations and Guidance County administrations and municipalities - supervision/permitting Implementation of measures SwAM has responsibility for setting up implementation plans for för WFD and MSFD PoMs environmental quality standards are followed

9 Application of art 4.7 in Sweden Implemented in chapter 4 paragraph11 of the Ordinance on water management (2004:660) Has not been applied yet Ecological status widely considered as a less stringent objective until the Weser ruling Lack of coherence - different decision making bodies, land and environmental courts vs. the water district authorities Ongoing review of current legislation (Dnr M2017/01639/R ) Changes suggested to strengthen ecological status and fill the current lack of applicability 9

10 New knowledge and tools - examples WATERS results Guidance for risk assessment for chemicals substances High-resolution map of hydrography at scale 1: Collection of high-resolution data (1-hour timestep) from hydropower companies Optimization tool to calculate the minimum measures required to reduce phosphorous concentrations to acceptable levels (quality standards) Online service to present the local water balance High resolution soil map for agricultural soils Use detailed soil depth data to improve soil- and groundwater dynamics KLIV elforsk Map-based tool for cost efficient location of riparian bufferstrips in agricultural land to reduce P-load High resolution erosion maps National risk maps for location of small point sources 10

11 Achievements Awareness not to take good water quality and quantity for granted Increased knowledge basis and improved tools Decreasing trends for some pressures Increased cooperation between parties Measures performed e.g. by agencies and municipalities through SwAM budget 750 MSEK/year SÅP 290 MSEK/3 years, LOVA, LONA, EU-LIFE, Interreg, EHFF, Rural Program WFD matters in legislation/supervision/permitting 11

12 Challenges Climate changes Show improvements for slow processes Achieve goals Agenda 2030, miljömålen, EQS Balancing environmental/water users interests Balancing environmental/environmental interests Financing and how to share responsibilities Cooperation and co-governance 12