RS-70 (R-442A): Substitutes R-22 (HCFC) and R-422d, R-417A, R-417B, R-438A, R-424A and R-434A (HFC+HC).

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1 But furthermore, what shall we do with the existing installations? How can we reduce the impact of these new regulations and adapt our installations to their requests? July months away from a total ban on HCFC s (i.e. R-22), we find ourselves again involved in a phase of change driven both at a European and Spanish level. On the one hand, from 1 January 2014 Spain has punished with exorbitant taxes all those companies that keep or have facilities with leakage of fluorinated greenhouse gases (GFEI) with a global warming potential (GWP)> 150 (i.e. R-404A). On the other hand, Europe has adopted regulation nº which shall come into force on January 1, 2015 whereby they want to reduce GFEI releases by imposing quotas to the production and import of such products and by establishing prohibitions on the placing on the market of equipment or new installations, depending on their typology and the refrigerant. TEWIDUCTION is a solution that reduces the costs of cooling installations by decreasing the emissions of CO 2eq, and at the same time it allows to adapt them to the new European regulations, so far unrestricted. We start with the use of low-gwp refrigerant gases and high energy efficiency and on the other hand, we incorporate a leakage-reduction system already used in more than 500 supermarkets in France, known as DNI (intelligent level detector). Do not forget also that another EU goal is to reduce energy consumption and that the rise of the energy cost has only just begun. All this is causing the sector to reconsider which refrigerant gases to use depending on the type of installation. Hydrocarbons for small household refrigerators? Ammonia in industrial installations? CO 2 in cascade for commercial refrigeration plants in low temperature? 4th generation of HFO + HFC fluorinated gases? There is not a single solution for all cases and it will have to be valued aspects such as the installation location, size, hazards or safety of the refrigerant, price, tax, availability, energy efficiency, etc. Thus, we reduce: Total emission / leakage and therefore taxes to be paid. Reduction of energy consumption thanks to a better COP (Coefficient of Performance) of the refrigerant gases and thanks to the DNI. Reduced maintenance costs due to leakage prevention provided by the DNI.

2 LOW GWP REFRIGERANTS AND HIGH ENERGY EFFICIENCY: RS-50 (R-442A): Replaces R-404A and R-507 (HFC). It is an HFC refrigerant of low GWP developed to replace R-404A and R-507 both in existing installations and in new installations in medium and low temperatures. TEWI REDUCTION: -Reduction of direct impact releases: the environmental impact (GWP) due to leakages is less than half with regard to R- 404A and R Reduction of TAXES to pay: the tax to be paid in the event of a leakage is less than half with regard to R-404A and R-507. Taxes in 2014: RS-50 (R-442A) R-507 R-404A 11,83 /kg 25,41 /kg 24,97 /kg - Reduction of indirect impact releases: because it is a refrigerant with a coefficient of performance (COP) much higher than that of R-404A or R-507, we will achieve a reduction of energy consumption and thus their indirect CO2eq emissions superior to 20% as it has been proven in all facilities so far converted and in all the studies which have been carried out. 2

3 RS-70 (R-442A): Substitutes R-22 (HCFC) and R-422d, R-417A, R-417B, R-438A, R-424A and R-434A (HFC+HC). It s a refrigerant HFC+HC with low GWP used to replace R-22 in existing installations or to replace other refrigerant gases substitutes of R-22 with higher GWP and thus with higher taxes. It may be used in all applications that work with R-22 except in flooded systems where the only solution is R-434A (RS45). TEWI REDUCTION: - Reduction of direct impact releases: the environmental impact (GWP) due to leakages is lower than that of R-22 and lower than that of the direct substitutes (drop-in) of R Reduction of TAXES to pay: in the event of a leak, the tax to be paid is much lower compared to the rest of direct replacements (drop-in) for R-22 existing in the market. Taxes in 2014: RS-70 R-438A R-417A R-422d R417B 10,98 /kg 14,20 /kg 14,75 /kg 17,31 /kg 19,19 /kg - Reduction of indirect impact releases: Its Coefficient of Performance (COP) is similar to R-22 but higher to other substitutes of R-22. This way we will obtain a reduction in the enery consumption and thus of the indirect emissions of Sample 1 - RS-70 CO 2eq, as it has been proved by studies conducted. Sample 2 R-22 Sample 3 MO99 (R438A) Sample 4 MO29 (R422D) Sample 5 MO59 (R417A) Sample 6 RS44 (R424A) Sample 7 RS-45 (R434A) As it can be observed in the table above, the COP of RS-70 (sample 1) is of a similar order of magnitude as the R-22 (sample 2), achieving high cooling capacities with low consumptions. NOTE: RS-70 is a quick, effective, cost-effective and easy solution to replace R- 22, and because it has a lower environmental impact than other drop-in substitutes of R-22, the taxes with RS-70 will also be much lower. 3

4 An intelligent level detector alerts from the moment that a refrigerant gas leakage occurs. This device is being installed in all the AUCHAN (Alcampo) in France. "What first needs to be done is to verify the leak tightness of the installation," advises Jean-Michel Deroo, head of fluids and energy at Group Auchan (Alcampo France). Since the confirmed leak rate range, according to the refrigerator specialist CESBRON, between 10 and 15% per year! That is, a loss of 70kg dry at best. CONTROL THE LEAK TIGHTNESS The F-GAS regulation already requires periodic testing, every 3 months for loads over 300kg. But beyond the obligation, the store has all the interest to avoid leaks: lack of gas in the installation reduces the performance and can lead to unsustained temperatures in vitrines or in cold chambers and induce to an excessive energy consumption; consumption has been estimated by the Technical Centre of Mechanical Industries between 30 and 270% for a leakage of 10 to 20%! Furthermore, the revision of the F-GAS regulation foresees not to take more into account the volume of refrigerant inside the installation when defining the frequency of leak testing, but its CO2 equivalent. This does not change much for hypermarkets, which must carry out 4 visits per year, however it will double the number of revisions for small supermarkets: "The owner of a facility containing 150kg of refrigerant may today make two leak testings by its operator, - stresses Gérald Anquetil of MATELEX -.That same installation of 150kg of R404A must from now on make four controls. " There are different methods to detect leaks, simple and easy to install, such as environment detectors that analyze the presence of fluids in the air thanks to infrared sensors or semiconductors. They are especially effective in closed spaces, which is not usual in an engine room. Another possibility, direct detection by internal measurement of fluid level. However, these alarms of low level are activated after the installation has already lost an important amount of refrigerant gas. Finally, leak tightness controls are extremely effective... as long as the leak exists at the time when the control is being carried out and it does not occur on the day following the verification! Hence the interest to examine more closely the DNI, or intelligent level detector. This detector, designed by MATELEX and sold by Gas Servei S.A., monitors any possible leak of fluid from measurements carried out at the installation. The detection results have been validated by CEMAFROID... and has seduced AUCHAN, who is equipping since the beginning of 2014 all hypermarkets with a piece of equipment for each shopping centre, which represents several DNI for each center. 4

5 HOW DOES IT WORK? 1800 measurements per hour The DNI takes 1800 records per hour: among others, it measures the level of the tank, outdoor temperature, liquid under cooling, liquid in the tank, pressure, etc. From the intermediate calculations, such as subcooling, it deducts the liquid density, enthalpy, and it estimates the amount of fluid in the condenser, etc. AN INDIRECT METHOD OF MEASUREMENT The interest of DNI lies in the fact that it is considered a leakproof controller by the method of indirect measurement. According to regulations, its use avoids the direct method: in other words, enough of random leakproofs checks. No more need to empty the cabinets 2 or 4 times a year! "This allows not having to find a leak until it has actually occurred," says Gérald Anquetil. According to the manufacturer, this way up to 79% of recharge costs of the refrigerant in the system are prevented. 24 leak tightness tests per day At the start-up, the DNI establishes an operation pattern of the installation for a week. During this period, only the monitoring of the low level of the tank is active. After this period, the DNI performs 24 statistical analysis per day to determine if the cooling installation is leakproof or not. The DNI recovers the dataset for several weeks, even for several months, and determines by means of algorithms if the installation is starting to lose gas. Also it has to be taken into account that the DNI responds to the obligation to carry out a new leak test after repairing a leak. Only the inspection of the repair remains an obligation, during the month following the repair. It remains the question of the investment. You should consider between and (without taxes) for a classic installation of this appliance. According to the manufacturer, this means a very low ROI, in the order of a year, data that can be easily nailed down with the refrigerant technician, according to the characteristics of your installation. CONCLUSION: If we use refrigerants with lower environmental impact and energy efficient, and we also cut down the emissions of greenhouse gases, we will achieve a great reduction of the TEWI in our cooling installations, thus reducing their costs and adapting the installations to the immediate future. 5