Gasification of Biomass. Hannes Kitzler, Vienna University of Technology

Transcription

1 Gasification of Biomass Hannes Kitzler, Vienna University of Technology Tempus, Vienna Workshop November 16, 2010

2 Content Thermal conversion of biogenous fuels Overview gasification technologies Austrian dual fluidised bed gasification technology Demonstration plants in Austria Gas utilization 2/18

3 Thermal conversion process chain Biogeneous Residues Industrial Heat or Co firing Heat Fuel Pretreatment Gasification Gas Cleaning Heat and Electricity Production Heat and Electricity Energy Plants Gas Upgrading Synthesis Synthetic Products 3/18

4 Thermochemical conversion 4/18

5 Gasification of biomass Biomass + Gasification Agent H 2 O, H 2, CO, CO 2, CH 4, C x H y Tar, NH 3, HCl, H 2 S producer gas Char, Ash solids impurities 5/18

6 Content Thermal conversion of biogenous fuels Overview gasification technologies Austrian dual fluidised bed gasification technology Demonstration plants in Austria Gas utilization 6/18

7 Overview of gasification processes Biomass Gasification Autothermal Allothermal Air O 2 /H 2 O H 2 O CO 2 Hu: low N 2 : high H 2 : low Hu: medium N 2 : zero H 2 : high Hu: medium Hu: medium N 2 : zero N 2 : zero H 2 : high H 2 : medium 7/18

8 Overview of gasification processes Autothermal Allothermal Bubbling fluidised bed gasifier Circulating fluidised bed gasifier Austrian dual fluidised bed gasifier Syngas Syngas flue gas Syngas Biomass Steam/O 2 Steam Air Steam/O 2 8/18

9 Content Thermal conversion of biogenous fuels Overview gasification technologies Austrian dual fluidised bed gasification technology Demonstration plants in Austria Gas utilization 9/18

10 Austrian dual fluidised bed gasification technology Producer Gas Flue gas Heat Gasification Combustion Biomass Circulation Steam Air 10/18

11 Austrian dual fluidised bed gasification technology Component Conventional process H 2 O, vol% H 2, vol% db CO, vol% db CO 2, vol% db CH 4, vol% db 9 11 C 2 H 4, vol% db C 3 Fract.,vol% db Tar g/m³ db 2 5 LHV MJ/m³ db /18

12 Content Thermal conversion of biogenous fuels Overview gasification technologies Austrian dual fluidised bed gasification technology Demonstration plants in Austria Gas utilization 12/18

13 Demonstration plants in Austria Combined heat and power plant in Guessing (start of operation: 2001) Fuel power Electrical power Thermal power Operation hours gasifier CHP operation 8 MW 2 MW 4.5 MW > 42,000 h > 37,000 h Combined heat and power plant in Oberwart (start of operation: 2007) Fuel power Electrical power Thermal power 8.5 MW 2.7 MW 3.5 MW 13/18

14 Demonstration plants in Austria Simplified flowsheet CHP Guessing 14/18

15 Demonstration plants in Austria 8000 Combined heat and power operation, Guessing 7000 Hours of operation [h] Year Gasifier Gas engine 15/18

16 Content Thermal conversion of biogenous fuels Overview gasification technologies Austrian dual fluidised bed gasification technology Demonstration plants in Austria Gas utilization 16/18

17 Producer gas utilisation Biomass Biomass Combustion Heat and power Biomass Biomass Gasification Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG) FT-Fuels (FT-Diesel) Methanol Hydrogen Other chemicals 17/18

18 Thank you for your attention! Biomass gasification plant in Guessing