2015 Final Heating & Cooling Demand in France

Transcription

1 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme 2015 Final Heating & Cooling Demand in France Country presentation October 2017 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no The sole responsibility for the content of this presentation lies with its author and in Context of France 1

2 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme General context Population [1]: 65,8 million 13% of EU28 GDP [1]: billion EUR 16,4% of EU28 Heating degree days [2]: HDDs/year Heat Demand Atlas (major population centres are visible [HRE4, 2013] 21st coldest of EU28 12th among the 14 HRE countries 1. DG Energy s 2014 data from the French datasheet (2016) 2. Eurostat s 2015 data on HDDs (2016) General context Energy intensity Total final energy demand (FED)[ 3]: TWh 12th highest of EU28 8th highest of HRE14 Final energy from renewable sources[4] : TWh Heat Demand Atlas (major population centres are visible [HRE4, 2013] FED per capita : 25.4 MWh/Capita 13.3% of EU28 2nd highest of EU28 and HRE % of total FED 16th highest share of EU28 16th highest share of HRE14 Final energy from renewable sources for H&C [4]: TWh 19. of the total H&C 17th highest share of EU28 7th highest share of HRE14 3. Eurostat s 2015 data on annual energy quantities in France 4. Eurostat s RES Shares 2015 results 2

3 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme Climate and emissions France has committed to reduce GHG emissions by 14% [5] until 2020 compared to 2005 Carbon per capita Carbon per GDP [kg CO2/person] [ton CO2/billion EUR] Carbon Emission per tone of energy carrier (carbon intensity) [kg CO2/toe] 5, ,419 4th lowest among HRE14 2nd lowest among HRE14 2nd lowest among HRE data [1] 1. DG Energy s 2014 data from the France datasheet (2016) 5. Official Journal of the European Union, Decision No 406 (2009) Current national energy situation 3

4 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme France: H&C demands H&C comprises 45% of France s final energy demand. Space heating demand is 62% of the total H&C Cooling demand is very small France final energy demand (1,676 TWh) France H&C (758 TWh) HRE14: H&C energy by demand 2nd highest final energy demand for H&C among the HRE14. France H&C (758 TWh) 4

5 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme H&C energy by energy carriers France accounts for 12% of EU28 s total delivered H&C 0% 1% 0% Gas demand. 3% Oil Compared to the EU28, France District hasheating the same share of Gas and a high amount Electricity for H&C Electricity 42% 1% 0% 0% 3% 10% 42% 20% Biomass Gas Coal Oil Others (fossil) District heating Solar thermal Electricity Heat pumps Biomass Others (RES) Coal Others (fossil) 10% Solar thermal Heat pumps France H&C (758 TWh) Others (RES) 20% EU28 (6.352 TWh) Sectors: Industry, Residential and Services French industry is dominated by process heating and other sectors by space heating Gas is the predominant carrier for H&C in all sectors Besides Gas, industry relies mainly on coal In the residential sector, electricity and biomass are also important carriers 385 TWh 385 TWh 222 TWh 222 TWh 150 TWh 150 TWh 5

6 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme Industry sub-sectors by H&C purposes French industry H&C demand is overwhelmingly dominated by higher temperature heating processes. Most of this is used for the iron and steel industry, non-metallic minerals and (petro-)chemicals. French industry (222 TWh) Industry sub-sectors by energy carriers 44% To attain such high temperatures, French industry relies mostly on fossil fuels. Paper and other industries make significant use of biomass. Food, Beverages and Tobacco are the industries that use the most electricity for H&C. 10% 0% 0% 6% French industry (222 TWh) 22% 9% 1% Biomass Coal District heating Electricity Gas Oil Others (fossil) Others (RES) Solar thermal Final Energy [TWh]

7 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme Industry Space Heating French Industry uses mostly gas for space heating, although it uses some oil too. Final energy [TWh] Process cooling 0-15 C Process cooling C Process cooling <-30 C Space cooling Space heating Process heating >500 C Process heating C Process heating C Process heating <100 C 0 Residential sub-sectors by energy carriers French households use mostly gas for heating, however they also use biomass, electricity and oil. Single-family homes lead the way in biomass for space heating. Multi-family homes are the primary market for district heating. 1 19% Gas 3% Biomass Electricity 37% Oil District heating Heat pumps Coal Final energy [TWh] % Solar thermal 50 French households (385 TWh) 0 Space cooling Other heating Hot water SFH Space heating SFH Hot water MFH Space heating MFH 7

8 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme Service sub-sectors by H&C purposes Space heating is definitely the main concern for the French service sector. The wholesale/retail trade and the hospitality sector are the ones with significant cooling demands. 10% 5% 9% 2% Process heating Process cooling Space cooling Space heating Hot water Final energy [TWh] % French services (150 TWh) Service sectors by energy carriers French service sector relies greatly on fossil fuels (gas and oil), most of which goes to space heating. All cooling, and process heating, are powered by electricity only % 0% 0% 1% 0% 6% 3% Gas Electricity Oil District heating Biomass Final energy [TWh] % Solar thermal Heat pumps 20 20% Others (fossil) Coal Others (RES) 0 France France France France France Hot water Space heating Process heating Space cooling Process cooling French services (150 TWh) 8

9 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme Excess heat sources Excess Heat: At least 156 Twh* Would cover 30% of the final energy demand for Space heating and Hot water The biggest concentration of excess heat sources are located in the North, East and South regions of France. Excess Heat Atlas [HRE4, 2013] * Calculated from the 313 biggest facilities in France, using Peta 4.2 Heat Synergy Regions 11 regions present a very high potential for district heating More than 20 other regions present a high potential for district heating Excess Heat Atlas [HRE4, 2013] 9

10 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme Main references cited 1. DG Energy s 2014 data from French datasheet (2016) 2. Eurostat s 2015 data on HDDs (2016) 3. Eurostat s 2015 data on annual energy quantities 4. Eurostat s RES Shares 2015 results 5. Official Journal of the European Union, Decision No 406 (2009) 10