WHAT S YOUR FAVORITE MEMORY OF THE OCEAN?

Transcription

1 WHAT S YOUR FAVORITE MEMORY OF THE OCEAN?

2 HERE IS MY MENTAL PICTURE:

3 HERE IS THE UNFORTUNATE REALITY:

4 HUMAN IMPACT ON OUR OCEANS 8.11D recognize human dependence on ocean systems and explain how human activities such as runoff, artificial reefs, or use of these resources have modified these systems

5 LOOK AT THESE ITEMS WHICH ARE FROM THE OCEAN?

6 WHICH ITEMS? It s in the peanut butter, chocolate milk, toothpaste, make-up - these items all include carrageenan, a form of red algae that helps give products their consistency. Salad dressing contains algin, a form of brown algae Secosteroids, an enzyme used by corals to protect themselves from disease, is used to treat asthma, arthritis and other inflammatory disorders.

7 PEOPLE AND OCEANS What do we need, how do we interact with and treat the ocean and it s inhabitants? Do we only take what we need to survive?

8 HUMAN DEPENDENCE ON OCEANS The ocean is our life support system, giving us more than half of the oxygen we breathe, regulating climate, and providing valuable resources

9 A SOURCE OF FOOD AND MORE - Oceans are a major source of food and oxygen for humans around the world The types of food are varied and can be plentiful, but not endless.

10 A SOURCE OF OXYGEN - Most of the oxygen comes from tiny ocean plants called phytoplankton that live near the water s surface and drift with the currents. Like all plants, they photosynthesize that is, they use sunlight and carbon dioxide to make food. Scientists believe that phytoplankton contribute between 50 to 85 percent of the oxygen in Earth s atmosphere.

11 (RECALL THAT) OCEANS DRIVE WEATHER PATTERNS Interactions of solar and ocean systems create the weather systems necessary to bring precipitation to continents and regulate weather

12 HUMAN IMPACTS ON OCEANS

13 CARBON DIOXIDE AND THE OCEANS Examine this diagram Tell me what you observe

14 CARBON DIOXIDE AND THE OCEANS Realize that some of the carbon dioxide emitted by humans dissolves into the ocean. On the one hand, that helps reduce the greenhouse effect, but it makes the ocean slightly more acidic, which makes it more difficult for invertebrates with calcium-based skeletons to survive

15 OCEAN WARMING Burning fossil fuels and deforestation are contributing to global climate change which impacts ocean warming with a cascade of effects on life on Earth Debatable question: Is climate change a reason for concern?

16 POLLUTION Human activities include large cities that dump waste, using excess fertilizers and pesticides on lawns and in agriculture that runoff into oceans, and agricultural practices that allow erosion of soil into oceans modify marine ecosystems.

17 OCEAN S GARBAGE PATCHES

18 NURDLES??

19 OIL Drilling for oil disturbs marine habitats Oil platforms can become sources of artificial reefs, but risk great harm if spills occur

20 WILDLIFE AND OCEANS

21 HOW IS MARINE LIFE DEPENDENT ON OCEAN SYSTEMS? Oceans provide numerous abiotic factors, which are important to maintain marine populations, such as: The amount of sunlight, wave action, water temperature, water pressure, salinity levels ph levels

22 LIFE S DEPENDENCY ON OCEANS Recall that the oceans absorb carbon dioxide, keeping some of it from the atmosphere. But while oceans help slow the pace of global warming, they too are absorbing too much carbon dioxide, resulting in disruption of the ocean's ph balance. This increasing acidity causes calcium carbonate to dissolve, affecting life forms including corals, shellfish, and several species of plankton that rely on calcium for their very structure. All the way from the tiniest atomic level to large scale pollution, we are changing our oceans what are the results?

23 Here are a few examples of our impact

24 TO REVERSE THE TIDE What can we do? A few things that we have already done

25 POSITIVE IMPACTS Stabilizing barrier reef systems protects coastlines and estuaries from some destruction caused by tropical storms and hurricanes Countries have made protective areas of many reefs and conservation efforts are increasing

26 POSITIVE IMPACTS Creating artificial reefs by sinking old ships provides more habitats for some marine organisms

27 REDUCING IMPACT IS A GLOBAL ISSUE Inadequate protection of the oceans Only 3.4% of the world s oceans have been designated as protected - compared to almost 16% of our planet s land area. Conflicting priorities Marine park managers - and the governments and non-profit organizations that support them - must often juggle conflicting national and local priorities coming from a variety of sectors, such as industry, artisanal fishers, commercial fishers, tour operators, local town councils, farmers, etc.

28 WE CAN AND MUST DO MORE Before you tackle ANY problem, you need to understand it first!

29 HUMAN IMPACT INVESTIGATIONS ATL Skill: Research - Information literacy - Access information to be informed and inform others You will research each one of these four categories Over-Fishing Plastic Pollution Oil Spills Coral Bleaching

30 HOW TO GO THROUGH EACH SECTION: Unit 5 find this section, each button takes you to another page within the website

31 PLASTICS IN OUR OCEANS There are multiple steps to go through with written information, videos and infographics to help you understand the issues we face

32 OVER- FISHING

33 CORAL BLEACHING

34 OIL SPILLS

35 COMPLETE THE LAST PAGE OF YOUR NOTES This is a good place to put your brief research of these four main areas!

36 YOUR NEXT TASK: You will be placed in groups to tackle the problem of cleaning up oil spills in the ocean. The first step to be ready for next class is to read over the packet you are being given now.

37 OUR INVESTIGATION ON OIL SPILLS BP Oil Spill (how to clean up an oil spill)