PLC BASED ADVANCE WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

Transcription

1 PLC BASED ADVANCE WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM PROJECT REFERENCE NO. : 37S0819 COLLEGE : CHANNABASAVESHWARA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, GUBBI BRANCH : ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING GUIDE : DR. SURESH D S STUDENTS : SUDHAKAR K DEEPAK N V RAJESHWARI K M SASHA S Keywords: PLC - Programmable Logic Control SCADA - Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition AWD- Advanced Water Distribution PPU - Primary Processing Unit MCU - Motor Controlling Unit WTMU - Water Tank Monitoring Unit VCU - Valves Controlling Unit Introduction: This proposed project PLC based Advanced Water Distribution System primarily focused on water crisis. In order to make water distribution more efficiently by reducing wastage of water and power this proposal made, this AWD is for both rural and urban areas. The Advanced Water Distribution System(AWD System) is an intelligent system which ensures the balanced distribution of the water throughout the city/area. The AWD system offers complete & effective automation for Water distribution. It monitors, controls and protects all the water pumps used for water distribution purpose. It monitors all the water storage tanks situated and distributes the water equally to all the areas depending upon the amount of water in the tank. All these tasks are monitored through dedicated 1

2 system software of the AWD system. It is versatile and allows the addition of areas, control valves, storage tanks and water pumps. Motivation: Water is the one of the fundamental need for our daily life, now a day's water crisis causes more impact than financial crisis, in our life, many countries including India are still having water crisis and using the conventional method for fulfilling the domestic water needs. Such as water distribution for area are managed by manually operated values and water pumps of corresponding areas. In our daily life we have seen many situations of water and power being wasted because of the laziness and irresponsibility of the operator. Objectives: In countries like India there are labor called water man to distribute the water to required area. Since he is also a human being he may get laziness in his work, thereby water leakage or water over flow will cause water crisis. So in order to make this water distribution system as smart, this proposed system called Advanced Water Distribution System(AWD) can be implemented. The below picture illustrates the causes and impact of water crisis, it makes to set objective to address the issues found, this is how the proposed project objective has come out. 2

3 Methodology: Block diagram of AWD system: The AWD System is an integrated system which consists of 4 units. Namely, 1) Primary Processing Unit (PPU) 2) Motor Controlling Unit (MCU) 3) Water Tank Monitoring Unit (WTMU) 4) Valves Controlling Unit (VCU) Primary Processing Unit The PPU is the main processing unit and it is responsible to control the remaining 3 units (MCU, WTMU & VCU). PPU consists of PLC which is a digitally operating electronic apparatus which uses a programming memory for the internal storage of instruction for implementing specific functions such as logic, sequencing, timing, counting & arithmetic to control through digital or analog modules and controlling of various machines. 3

4 Whenever the operator wants to supply water to certain area his responsibility is to monitor the signal (information regarding the water level) from the WTMU. Depending upon these signal the operator sets the duration for how long the water has to be supplied to particular area by configuring the PPU. So that necessary amount of water can be supplied. Then PPU sends commands to VCU of corresponding area to turn on the valve for the defined amount of time. PPU ensures the balanced and sufficient water distribution in the city. Communication of PPU with remaining units achieved by a user interface software named as SCADA. Motor Controlling Unit The function of MCU is to control, monitor and protect the motor. MCU receives the commands from the PPU which in turn receives commands from the operator, who continuously monitors the WTMU i.e., the motor is operated based on the water level in the tank. It also monitors the water source availability for the pump. MCU provides Dry Run protection to the motor (i.e., motor will be turned off on the lack of water). MCU ensures the Leakage Protection (i.e., motor will be turned off when water leakage found by sensors). Water Tank Monitoring Unit WTMU consists of Water level indicator and it is attached to every water storage tank in the city. WTMU performs continuous water level indication of the tank. It makes operator to know about water level in the tank. So that operator decides the duration for water supply. Valves Controlling Unit VCU consists of solenoid valves. It is an electromechanically operated valve. The valve is controlled by electric current through a solenoid. When solenoid is not energized then it is said to be in normally open (N.O) state. In this state valve is open then two ports are isolated so no fluid will flow through the ports. When solenoid is energized then it is said to be in normally closed (N.C) state. Here, valve is closed so fluid can flow between the ports. Solenoid valves offers fast & safe switching, high reliability, service duration is more, compatibility of materials used, low control power and compact design. Results: System Layout: Instant pictures of system layout when the water is supplying to particular are 4

5 (Water is supplying to area1) GRAPHS: Total supply Time(T) V/s Levels (L) Plot of area(a) V/s Area Supply Time (T) Conclusion: The AWD system is an intelligent, versatile and advanced automated system, it can be used as solution for water distribution problem. This project will save water and power and 5

6 hence focused on energy crisis. Benefits to the Society: AWD system provides balanced water distribution throughout the city Saves Water and Power Provides an effective solution to regular real world water problems AWD system focuses on energy crisis Challenges: PPU must be capable of handling several no. of areas, and many number of control valves. This is achieved by utilizing the combination of efficient hardware and software. WTMU must monitor the water level properly and the sensors used here must have long life MCU must control and protect the motor in order to achieve destruction free water distribution. This relies on the efficient protection unit. VCUs must operate the solenoids effectively and their longevity to be more Future work: We can use AWD system in agriculture field to supply the water properly to required fields/area to meet our own conditions effectively. We can adopt this project in oil refineries to channelize the flow in required area pipes. PLC with Real Time Clock (RTC) can be used to operate this module in complete automated mode. 6