Scrap tires are a significant environmental hazard and pose

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2 Scrap tires are a significant environmental hazard and pose difficult remediation challenges. A variety of tire recycling technologies have been developed to help reduce the number of land filled, stored, and illegally dumped scrap tires from passenger vehicles and semi-trucks.

3 Each year an estimated 290 million tires are scrapped each year (US EPA, 2010). These tires pose numerous environmental hazards, and provide an underutilized resource. The US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) estimates that shredded tires have approximately 25% more thermal energy (BTUs) than coal, and the equivalent BTU content of petroleum oil. The US EPA also has determined that shredded tires when used as a fuel source have lower levels of heavy metals in the ash and lower NOx emissions when combusted.

4 The border region between the United States and Mexico are thousands to over a million tires. The fire, health, and environmental hazards posed by poorly managed scrap tire piles in the border will get worse unless proactive measures are taken.

5 How many scrap tires are there in the U.S.-Mexico border region? There are 46 known tire piles in the U.S.-Mexico border, the largest tire pile was located near Ciudad Juárez with over four million tires.

6 A tire's physical structure, durability, and heat-retaining characteristics make these stockpiles a potential threat to human health and the environment. The curved shape of a tire allows rainwater to collect and creates an ideal habitat for rodents and mosquitoes. Prone to heat retention, tires in stockpiles also can ignite, creating tire fires that are difficult to extinguish and can burn for months, generating unhealthy smoke and toxic oils. Tire fire Everett September 24 Tire fire, Everett, September 24, 1984 the fire s duration -- 7 months

7 Scrap tires are; 1. Burned (to obtain thermal energy which is extremely poisonous), 2. Left to garbage dumps, 3. Used as barriers, 4. Granulized, 5. Grazed to be used as shoe-sole material (only exterior part of tire is grazed). Those are the most common methods to evaluate scrap tires. But none of these are capable of totally t eliminating i the scrap tire problem. Granulizing is the process that diminishes the certain rubber-based parts of the tire into small pieces but since the granulizing g process does not compromise the whole tire, considerable amount of tire is left as scrap.

8 Our recycling technology is based on the implementation ti of pyrolysis on waste tires. The optimum phase durations, temperatures, pressures, vacuum levels, amount of waste tire to be processed and other side factors are determined by 24 years of experience of research and several laboratory applications.

9 TIRE PYROLYSIS Pyrolysis process is the thermal decomposition of organic materials in an oxygen-free environment and is an endothermic reaction. It requires an input of heat energy, pressure and predetermined temperature depending on the organic material to be pyrolized. (steam, gas, oil, etc.) are obtained. Phases of the process are determined by the process temperature, pressure, duration, and the variety of organic materials to be processed.

10 The raw materials present in scrapped tires: (1) rubber; (2) carbon; (3) steel; and (4) fabric can be transformed using well-established thermal-chemical reactions into useful end-products.

11 A.I.R. proposes to purchase the low-temperature pyrolysis system from Titan Technologies Inc (TTI). TTI has built and operated three separate facilities in South Korea and Taiwan

12 The core processing plant as presented will be a licensed Titan Technologies, Inc. proprietary technology single train, 150-ton/day (6.25 tons/hr.), low temperature, catalytic pryrolysis tire recycling plant.

13 100% waste tire recycling is achieved (no churn left after the process). No chemical ingredients are used in process (environment friendly). Creates economically valuable products out of waste (all of the products are industrial raw materials that have a market value). Raw material (waste tire) is cheap and easy to provide. The system is applicable for the waste tire components (rubber dough, used rubber, granulated rubber, etc.) which are the by-products of tire production. The recycling facility can be constructed and ready to be operated in 6 months. The process can be applied to all rubber based materials.

14 The following quantities are produced per ton of tire chips: Approximately 644 pounds of carbon black Approximately 304 pounds of steel Approximately 3.20 barrels of hydrocarbon blending oil

15 Carbon black and steel wire mixture obtained as the result of the pyrolysis. Steel wires are stored in waste steel gathering area. The outcome of pyrolysis process depending on the type and amount of waste tire is as follows; 35%-42% fuel oil 35%-45% carbon black 12%-15% 15% steel wire 7%-8% gas

16 STEEL WIRE Tires contain steel wires and the amount ranges from 6%-15% of the total tire weight. All of the steel present in the tire can be detached after the pyrolysis recycling process is completed.

17 CARBON BLACK The amount of carbon black is 35%-42% (depending on the type of tire) of the total amount of scrap tire recycled in the system. Carbon black is used as raw material or main ingredient in many industries and the chemical structure of carbon black strengthens.

18 FUEL OIL The main oil product produced by s recycling application is the fuel oil that is used in industrial and commercial internal combustion engines.

19 Tire Derived Fuel Scrap tires (whole and shredded) have been used as a fuel source by industries in many countries around the world including the U.S. (TDF).The following industries are the potential target markets in regional areas for TDF: Cement kilns, Pulp & paper mill boilers, Industrial boilers and Utility boilers.

20 Proposed Low Temperature

21 Proposed Low Temperature

22 Proposed Low Temperature