Saving Energy on a Tight Budget

Transcription

1 IASB * IASA * IASBO JOINT ANNUAL CONFERENCE Chicago, Illinois November 19, 2011 Saving Energy on a Tight Budget Jean Ascoli Registered Architect, Energy Analyst Greg Swiss Energy Engineer SEDAC University of Illinois

2 Who is SEDAC? Smart Energy Design Assistance Center Provide free energy assessments and assistance to Illinois schools Funded by the Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity (DCEO) In partnership with the major electric and gas utilities in the State of Illinois including: Commonwealth Edison, Ameren Illinois North Shore Gas, Nicor, Peoples Gas, & Ameren Illinois Managed by the School of Architecture at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Public-Private Partnership

3 Why Use SEDAC? Our services are FREE to our clients! Since starting in 2005: Over 885 energy assessments/ reports completed Over 75 million sf of building assessed Over $37 M in total potential savings identified Have audited 70+ schools in Illinois Energy cost savings ranged from 15 70% Average of 30% Some included renewables. Average savings for K-12 was $48,636

4 Today s Agenda 10 Steps to Save Energy in Schools Financing Efficiency Q & A Wrap-Up

5 IASB * IASA * IASBO JOINT ANNUAL CONFERENCE Chicago, Illinois November 19, Steps to Save Energy in Schools Jean Ascoli Registered Architect

6 Why save energy? How much does your school spend on energy each year? In the U.S. the costs look something like this 1 : Elementary Schools: $70,000 to $150,000 Middle Schools: $100,000 to $200,000 High Schools: $200,000 to $650,000 1 Adapted from USGBC Green Schools

7 Why save energy? It is less costly to invest in energy efficiency than pay for energy over the long term? Who should get your money? The utilities or your education funds? Example: If total annual utilities = $1.6M 10% energy savings = $160,000 Roughly enough to: Hire three new teachers, Buy 300 new computers or Purchase 7,000 new textbooks

8 Where do your energy dollars go? Fans and Pumps Plug Loads Water Heating Kitchen Equip. Heating Ventilation Envelope Reheat Lighting Cooling Other Possibilities: Pools Sports Field Lighting Parking Lot Lighting Auto Shop Equipment

9 Why is energy wasted? Some problems are invisible Users are not aware of the significance of choices and actions People don t know what to do There is conflicting information Sometimes it s not easy or convenient We don t always remember that many little steps add up to big savings

10 10 Steps to Save Energy in Schools 1. Benchmark your building 2. Upgrade old lighting 3. Install occupancy sensors 4. Upgrade inefficient mechanical systems 5. Install demand control ventilation 6. Install a controls system 7. Upgrade envelope 8. Control Plug Loads 9. Develop an energy program 10.Consider Renewables

11 1 Benchmark your building Understanding where your facility is today Compile and assess utility bills (24 months) Compare your building with others Is it a Hog? Quick and dirty (but use with caution!) $/sf per year < $1/sf = good $1 to $2/sf = fair to slightly poor (typical) $2 to $3/sf = probably room to improve >$3/sf = oink (unless there is a process) More Accurate kbtu/sf per year Use TargetFinder (

12 1 Benchmark your building Where does your building fall? ENERGY STAR Scores 1-100

13 1 Benchmark your building SEDAC Illinois K-12 School Energy Use Intensities kbtu/sf-yr Electric kbtu/sf Gas kbtu/sf $/sf $3.50 $3.00 $2.50 $2.00 $1.50 $1.00 $0.50 $/sf MS 1 - MS 2 - Elem 3 - HS 4 - Elem 5 - Elem 6 - MS 7 - HS 8 - K Elem 10 - HS 11 - HS 12 - Elem 13 - Elem 14 - HS 15 - Elem 16 - Elem 17 - HS 18 - HS 19 - Elem 20 - Elem 21 - Elem 22 - HS 23 - K Elem 25 - Elem 26 - Elem 27 - MS 28 - MS 29 - HS 30 - Elem 31 - Elem 32 - Elem 33 - MS 34 - Elem 35 - HS 36 - Elem 37 - Elem 38 - Pre-K 39 - Elem 40 - Elem 41 - MS 42 - HS 43 - Elem 44 - Elem 45 - Elem 46 - HS $-

14 2 Upgrade Old Lighting T12 to T8 upgrade T12 planned phase out: Magnetic ballasts no longer made. Lamp production stops July 2012 And so do the incentives to replace them! Improved lighting quality

15 2 Upgrade Old Lighting Exit signs use LED Upgrade existing 32-watt T8s to high performance low-wattage T8s (28-watt and 25-watt) Make sure if you retrofit existing fixtures with they are compatible with ballasts T5s Great for new fixtures Harder to retrofit

16 2 Upgrade Old Lighting High bay fluorescent gym lighting Existing System: 400watt High Pressure Sodium and 400watt Metal Halide. Each fixture uses 460 watts (400 for lamp, 60 for ballast) Upgrade: One-for-one replacement 6-lamp T8 or 4-lamp T5 Each fixture uses 234 watts (T8 lamps and ballast combined) Light levels increase 10-20% Long life Better visibility Instant on/off

17 2 Upgrade Old Lighting Example savings Classrooms, offices, workrooms, storage, etc. T12 to 28W T8 and electronic ballasts Each four-lamp fixture: $63 - $36 = $27/yr Gyms, Multipurpose Rooms, Commons, etc. 400W Metal halide to high-bay fluorescent Each fixture: $200 - $99 = $101/yr Assuming: 12 hrs/day $0.10/kWh Instant on! Good sustainable lighting designer can help assure greatest potential savings.

18 3 Install Occupancy Sensors Use them for: Classrooms Offices Restroom lighting Storage Areas Mechanical Rooms Get creative use for HVAC in individual rooms or zones. Wireless sensors now available. Manual on auto off (vacancy sensing)

19 4 Upgrade Inefficient Mechanical New Options Geo Thermal (Ground Source Heat Pump) Most efficient, most expensive VAV (Variable Air Volume) With proper controls are very efficient Cold Climate Heat Pump Potential to be as efficient as GSHP Existing Options Boilers - Install most efficient Systems Chillers - Need proper maintenance and controls RTU to high efficiency Heat Pumps (w/ gas backup?) Controls

20 4 Upgrade Inefficient Mechanical Chillers Shut down chillers when OA temperatures are consistently below 50, and use economizer. Boilers Don t start boilers until OA temperatures are below 50 consistently. Install modulating condensing boilers Water supply temp reset in mild weather Lower boiler water temperature Raise chilled water temperature Consider shutting down boilers used for AC reheat in the summer or resetting the supply water temperature. Systems

21 4 Upgrade Inefficient Mechanical Got older equipment? Start planning for replacement now! Systems

22 5 Install Demand Control Ventilation If your building has a make up air system this is one of the biggest cost savers for schools!

23 6 Install a Control Systems Building-wide controls system Also called building automation system Tracks equipment function Allows changes from central location Coordinates between pieces of equipment Allows setbacks to be set and maintained Localized control systems If building-wide systems are not appropriate Use programmable thermostats with nighttime setbacks.

24 7 Upgrade Envelope Air Sealing Air Sealing is just as important in a school as it is in your home maybe even more! Wind and Stack effects are greater in multi story buildings. Warm air rises, sucking more air in low while it pushes air out high.

25 7 Upgrade Envelope Roof Insulation Most buildings need between 3 and 4 of rigid insulation on the roof Only makes sense when roof is replaced Wall Insulation Usually can not be retrofit cost effectively Do it right the first time! Windows Typically is not cost effective to retrofit unless you are replacing the mechanical system at the same time. Use low-e with argon windows in thermally broken frames. Do it right the first time!

26 8 Control Plug Loads Know what your plugs loads are Use a Kill-O-Watt meter to determine loads Use occupancy strips shut off power when no one is present Computer Power Management Set computer screens and CPUs to sleep or hibernate when not in use Screen savers do NOT save energy! Vending Energy Management Turns off lights and compressor when not one is present

27 9 Develope an Energy Program Get everyone Involved! Establish a plan Find a champion Someone to coordinate the program Someone to find answers Establish a recognition program Have a party! Use as a teaching opportunity Update curriculum Incorporate into math and science Develop support from students Provide them with information Clubs and committees Real world problems and solutions. Fundraisers Lights for learning (DCEO) Cell phone and battery recycling Apply for Incentives

28 10 Renewables Once you have reduced your loads as much as possible only then look at renewables! Incorporate into curriculum Wind and solar ICECF Grants 90% up to $10,000. DCEO 50% up to $50,000

29 Staying On Course Plan for continued success! Continue to work the program stay the course: Monitor operations Ongoing training Ongoing maintenance Retro commissioning Don t expect success only. Investigate setbacks and adapt this may yield breakthrough insights.

30 Case Study Science & Technology magnet school in Champaign, IL Estimated Incremental Cost Energy kwh $ Basecase $2,962, ,582 $80,613 Proposed Design $3,508, ,734 $47,566 Incentives (DCEO New Construction) $ Incentives (ICECF) $150,000 Incentives (GSHP Grant) $90,000 Incentives (DCEO solar) pending $8,062 Parameter Prescriptive Code Requirement Proposed Building Rainscreen Wall U U Brick Wall U U Roof U U Windows U-0.55 U-0.27 SHGC Lighting (LPD) 1.2 W/sf 0.93 W/sf Exterior Lighting ~10 kw 3.9 kw Cooling Efficiency 13.4 EER 13.5 EER Heating Efficiency 3.1 COP or 100% 4.5 COP

31 Case Study Science & Technology magnet school in Champaign, IL Base Case Proposed Savings Annual kwh Annual kwh Annual kwh % Saved % Total Heating 437,167 25, ,970 94% 45% Cooling 74,963 31,606 43,357 58% 5% Pumps/Fans 72, ,560-94, % -10% Interior Lighting 123, ,357 18,941 15% 2% Exterior Lighting 18,505 18, % 0% Plug Loads 200, , % 0% Total 926, , ,848 41% 41% 500, , , , , , , , ,000 50,000 0 Heating Cooling Pumps/Fans Interior Lighting Plug Loads kwh Baseline Annual kwh Proposed Annual kwh

32 Case Study Total Incremental Cost $546,120 Incentives $340,508 Final Incremental Cost $205,612 Annual Utility Savings w/o solar $33,037 Simple Payback 6.2 years Internal Rate of Return (5% acceptable) 10.3% Net Present Value (10 yr, 5%) $53,952

33 Take a Strategic Approach To energy management Develop clear understanding of where you are now Create a vision for where you want to go Chart a path to bridge the gap

34 Contact SEDAC for Assistance Call or, Visit the SEDAC web site at and download an application. apply.sedac.org