Climate-proofing via urban green infrastructure? Evaluation of heat mitigation measures at the micro-scale

Transcription

1 12/0/2016 Climate-proofing via urban green infrastructure? Evaluation of heat mitigation measures at the micro-scale Centre for Urban Ecology and Climate Adaptation (ZSK), TUM Project 1: Climate mitigation and urban green infrastructure Teresa Zölch, Johannes Maderspacher, Christine Wamsler, Stephan Pauleit Background Summerly heat in cities affects thermal comfort of citizens City centres are especially affected UHI effect Climate change is likely to amplify these effects Adaptation by urban green infrastructure increasingly promoted ZSK TP 1 2 1

2 C 00:00 01:00 02:00 03:00 04:00 0:00 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 1:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 12/0/2016 Objective What type of green infrastructure should be implemented for heat mitigation and how much of it? Trees Roof greening Facade greening Scenario modelling: 3 types of green infrastructure Implementation in different quantities Under current and future climate conditions (REMO A1B) 3 Approach ENVI-met model V4 Output: PET data Average and spatially distributed Thermal comfort measured by PET index (Physiological Equivalent Temperature) comfort at C Microsoft BingTM Maps screen shot reprinted with permission from Microsoft Corporation 4 2

3 C 00:00 01:00 02:00 03:00 04:00 0:00 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 1:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 12/0/2016 Approach ENVI-met model V4 Output: PET data Average and spatially distributed Thermal comfort measured by PET index (Physiological Equivalent Temperature) Comfort at C In 1.4 m height at 3 pm Approach Realistic trees 22% tree cover Maximum trees 34% tree cover meter 6 3

4 12/0/2016 Baseline Current climate = 42.8 C PET Future climate = 4.2 C PET + 6.3% increase Relative changes in PET at 1.4 m at 3 pm compared to baseline Scenarios Current climate Future climate TreeR = Realistic trees RoofR = Realistic green roofs FacadeR = Realistic green facades TreeM = Max. trees RoofM = Max. green roofs FacadeM = Max. green facades Baseline 8 4

5 12/0/2016 Baseline Realistic trees - 10 % 9 Baseline Max. green facades - 10 % 10

6 PET ( C) at 3pm in 1.4 m height PET ( C) at 3pm in 1.4 m height 12/0/2016 Climate-proof via urban green infrastructure? "0" Baseline TreeR RoofR FacadeR TreeM RoofM FacadeM Scenarios Today Future Baseline today 11 Climate-proof via urban green infrastructure? "0" Baseline TreeR RoofR FacadeR TreeM RoofM FacadeM Scenarios Today Future Baseline today 12 6

7 12/0/2016 Conclusion Green infrastructure influences thermal comfort differently Major parameters: shading and evapotranspiration Trees and green facades have potential to offset climate change Practical implications for urban planners Prioritize tree plantings Add green facades where trees are not an option (i.e. limited space) Consider green roofs as multifunctional measure (for biodiversity, stormwater retention etc.) Green infrastructure supports effective adaptation to climate change and the improvement of outdoor thermal comfort 13 Thanks for your attention! Comments? Questions? Centre for Urban Ecology and Climate Adaptation (ZSK) Technical University of Munich Arcisstrasse 21 D München Acknowledgements To the team for the great support during the study To the Bavarian State Ministry of the Environment and Consumer Protection for the funding 14 7