GROWING SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES CONFERENCE Dubuque, Iowa. Landfill Biogas Treatment and Utilization

Transcription

1 GROWING SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES CONFERENCE Dubuque, Iowa Landfill Biogas Treatment and Utilization October 12, 2011

2 Unison Solutions, Inc. Overview Biogas Compression/Treatment System Design and Fabrication 130 Systems In Operation Turnkey Waste-to-Energy Systems Gas Testing and Analysis Multiple Awards for Biogas Systems (EPA project of the year 2003 & 2009, 2006 SWANA Gold Award and 2010 ACEC Grand Conceptor Award)

3 Fabrication Facility

4 Assembly and Testing Area

5 LFG for Drying Ocean Spray Cranberries 2,000scfm Gas Conditioning System Supporting Direct Use Boiler

6 Biogas Treatment Systems What is driving the need for increased gas treatment on biogas fueled generation and direct use projects?

7 Equipment Damage and Performance Issues

8 Getting Started on a Biogas to Energy Project

9 Key System Components Hydrogen Sulfide Removal Moisture Removal Compressor or Blower Siloxane Removal Controls/Automation CO2 Removal

10 Why Hydrogen Sulfide Removal? Equipment Damage from Corrosion (Hydrosulfuric Acid) Health and Safety Issues (1000ppm will cause an individual to lose consciousness.) Odor Control Causes fouling of siloxane removal media

11 Types of Hydrogen Sulfide Removal Media Based Iron Sponge SulfaTreat Liquid H 2 S Removal EcoTech Amine Solutions Biological Biorem Biothane Biopuric BioGasclean

12 Iron Sponge

13 Why Moisture Removal? Prevents condensation downstream Improves energy content of gas Condenses into compressors Formation of weak acids from interaction with H2S and CO2 Fouling of Siloxane removal systems

14 Types of Moisture Removal Equipment Knockout Suction Scrubber or De-mister Ambient Air Cooler Refrigerated Dryer Glycol Chilling

15 Glycol Chiller

16 Types of Gas Compression Blowers Centrifugal (Higher Cost, High Compression and Resistant to H2S) Rotary Lobe (Low Cost, Noisy) Regenerative (Low Cost, Low Compression) Compressors Flooded Screw (H2S Resistant) Rotary Siliding Vane (Simple Oil System but High Temperature)

17 Centrifugal Blower

18 Why Siloxane Removal? Organosilicons produced by Dow Corning Used in the manufacture of many commercial products including: makeup, tooth paste, shampoo, lubricants, etc. Present in almost all digester gas from 500ppbv to 140,000ppbv. MM, D4 and D5 account for 75% to 95% in biogas. (2, 4 and 5 silicon atoms per molecule. Do not breakdown during processing in anaerobic digesters.

19 The Problem When VOCs and Siloxanes are in the digester gas: Combustion of VOCs containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen forms carbon dioxide and water vapor. Combustion of Siloxanes forms carbon dioxide, water vapor, and silicon dioxide, which is a solid and is also the main ingredient in sand. Since this is not a gas, some of it stays in the engine.

20 The Damaging Results Pressure and temperature transform the Siloxanes into various abrasive silica forms from sand to glass. Causes damage to boilers, internal combustion engines and microturbines. Usage in commercial products is increasing at 5% to 10% annually. Problems with Siloxanes are here to stay.

21 Siloxane Damaged Piston

22 Processes for Removing Siloxanes from Biogas Fixed Bed Carbon Filters (Norit, Calgon, Carbon Air) Fixed Bed Silica Gel Bead Filters Regenerated Desiccants (GES Systems, Venture) Regenerated Carbon (Jenbacher TSA) Regeneration with Micro Wave-design phase

23 Typical Gas Treatment System

24 Why CO2 Removal? Opportunity to create a fuel that can be injected into a pipeline. Create a compressed vehicle fuel equivalent to CNG.

25 CO2 Removal Processes Membrane Separation (Air Liquide) Solvent-Polyethylene Glycol Adsorption (Selexol) Water Scrubbing with PSA/TSA Adsorber (Greenlane)

26 Budgetary Biogas System Costs 50scfm Systems Low Pressure Ranges From: $200,000 to $325,000 High Pressure Ranges From: $230,000 to $340, scfm Systems Low Pressure Ranges From: $230,000 to $400,000 High Pressure Ranges From: $240,000 to $380, scfm Systems Low Pressure Ranges From: $270,000 to $580,000 High Pressure Ranges From: $310,000 to $600,000

27 Biogas End-Use Technologies Direct Use to Boilers Reciprocating Engine/Generators Micro-Turbines (Capstone) Turbines (Solar) Pipeline Vehicle Fueling

28 LANDFILL BIOGAS PROJECTS Dubuque County Landfill - Dubuque, IA 700scfm Flare System

29 LANDFILL BIOGAS PROJECTS Sioux Falls SD Landfill Supporting Poet Ethanol Plant 2300scfm Compression and Drying System to 11 Mile Pipeline

30 LANDFILL BIOGAS PROJECTS Durham Landfill - Durham, NC 1,000scfm Gas Conditioning System Supporting (2) IC Engines

31 LANDFILL BIOGAS PROJECTS Brown County Landfill - Green Bay, WI 1,250scfm Gas Conditioning System Supporting (2) CAT IC Engines

32 WWTF BIOGAS PROJECTS Sheboygan Regional WWTF Sheboygan, WI 700kW Micro-Turbine CHP System

33 WWTF BIOGAS PROJECTS Willingboro WWTF Willingboro, NJ 65kW Micro-Turbine CHP System

34 WWTF BIOGAS PROJECTS Rock River Water Reclamation District Rockford, IL 2.4MW Waukesha IC Engine System

35 BioCNG Vehicle Fueling System

36 Fueling Process

37 PROJECT ECONOMICS 100 gge/day replacing Gasoline at $3.25/gal $110,000 / year avoided cost ($5/gal is $170K) As Demand for Gas increases Natural gas can be blended at 10% BioCNG = 1000 GGE/day BioCNG production $0.50 to $1.00 / GGE Potential for $0.50 / GGE tax credit Approximate 20 scfm System Cost $300,000 to $400,000 for gas conditioning skid $150,000 for CNG time fill fueling station (Actual site conditions and SCFM will dictate System Cost)

38 CITY of JANESVILLE WWTF BioCNG PROJECT Janesville WWTF currently has 4-65kW micro-turbines Adding an additional 200kW micro-turbine Adding the first commercial BioCNG system Adding an ANGI compression, storage and fuel dispenser System will also operate on natural gas

39 ANGI Compression and Fuel Dispenser

40 TEST and TREAT YOUR BIOGAS

41 Unison Solutions, Inc. Contact Information Jan Scott & Dave Broihahn