Annual Water Quality Report

Transcription

1 Annual Water Quality Report 2016

2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The City of Abbotsford and District of Mission receive domestic water from the Abbotsford Mission Water & Sewer Commission (AMWSC). The primary source of water is Norrish Creek, supplemented by Cannell Lake and 19 groundwater wells. The Norrish Creek source is filtered (either by slow sand or ultrafiltration membranes) and chloraminated prior to distribution. Chloramination is also practiced at Cannell Lake and most wells. During 2016, the Norrish Creek Water Treatment Plant consistently delivered high quality water, within the limits recommended by the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality (GCDWQ). Water quality from Cannell Lake was also within the requirements. Well water met all health-related GCDWQ requirements with the following exceptions: Industrial B (which was not used in 2016 except for testing and maintenance), and some wells with elevated iron and manganese results above the aesthetic objective. All distribution water met the British Columbia Drinking Water Protection Regulation s microbiological criteria. Specifically, there were no positive E.coli test results. Out of more than 2,282 samples, Total Coliforms were detected in two samples, then resampled and came back clean. Page i

3 Table of Contents Executive Summary... i 1 Introduction Water System Description Water Sources & Treatment Distribution System Water Sampling and Testing Program Raw Source Water Quality Monitoring Surface Water... 9 Physical & Chemical Scan... 9 Turbidity... 9 Groundwater...11 Physical & Chemical Scan Arsenic Iron Manganese Nitrate & Nitrite Distribution Water Quality Monitoring E.Coli and Total Coliform Disinfection Residuals Cryptosporidium and Giardia Trihalomethanes and Haloacetic Acids Pipe Deterioration Monitoring System Maintenance Staff Certification & Training Water System Events in Operational Highlights for Works Planned for Emergency Response...33 Conclusions Appendix A Appendix B Page ii

4 1 INTRODUCTION The British Columbia Drinking Water Protection Act requires that all water suppliers produce an annual water quality report that is reviewed by the local Drinking Water Officer and published for public access. This report has been prepared for the Abbotsford-Mission Water and Sewer Commission (AMWSC) and Ministry of Health for this purpose. Page 1

5 2 WATER SYSTEM DESCRIPTION Abbotsford & Mission receive domestic water from the Abbotsford Mission Water & Sewer Commission (AMWSC). The AMWSC draws water from three sources, provides treatment, and transmits the treated water to Abbotsford and Mission. The two municipalities distribute the water to consumers directly from transmission pipeline take-off points or through transmission end-point reservoirs. This water supply strategy is illustrated as Figure 2-1. Figure 2-1: AMWSC Water Supply Page 2

6 2.1 Water Sources & Treatment Norrish Creek Norrish Creek, located north-east of Mission, sources from Dickson Lake and provides the bulk of Abbotsford and Mission s drinking water. Norrish water is filtered by slow sand or ultrafiltration membranes at the Norrish Creek Water Treatment Plant (WTP). The water is chlorinated at the plant outlet and then flows 7.5 km to the Bell Road Ammonia Station, where aqueous ammonia is added to form chloramines for distribution system residual disinfection. The soda ash facility was not utilized in Norrish Creek Water Treatment Plant Cannell Lake Cannell Lake, located north of Mission, supplies water to consumers located in the higher elevations of Mission. It also supplements supply to Abbotsford when demand is high or when the Norrish supply is offline. Cannell Lake water is chlorinated 1 km downstream of the intake, and then travels 7 km to the Cannon Pit Ammonia Station to form residual chloramines prior to entering the distribution networks. Cannell Lake Cannell Lake Groundwater Wells The AMWSC supplements times of high demand with groundwater from the Abbotsford-Sumas aquifer using nineteen wells. Water from the three Industrial Way wells is chlorinated before distribution. Similarly, water from another twelve wells is chloraminated. Groundwater Well Head Page 3

7 Treated water travels through more than 80 km of pipeline from the water sources to Abbotsford and Mission. The water then either enters the municipalities distribution systems via direct take-off points or after feeding through the Maclure and Mt. Mary Ann Reservoirs. The volumes of water produced by Norrish, Cannell and the wells in 2016 (and the two years prior) are summarized in Table 2-1. Table 2-1: Annual Water Production in Megaliters (ML) Source 2014 Total 2015 Total 2016 Total Norrish Creek 19,776 16,264 18,190 Cannell Lake 3,046 3,880 3,437 Farmer 1 Well Farmer 2 Well Farmer 3 Well Industrial Well "A" < Industrial Well "B" < Industrial Well "C" Marshall 1 Well Marshall 2 Well Marshall 3 Well McConnell Well Pine Well Riverside 1 Well Riverside 2 Well 0 <1 <1 Townline 1 Well Townline 2 Well Bevan 1 Well Bevan 2 Well Bevan 3 Well Bevan 4 Well Overall Total 24,244 24,726 24,239 Total Surface Water 22,821 20,144 21,627 Total Groundwater 1,423 4,582 2, Distribution System The Abbotsford distribution system includes 12 pump stations, 10 reservoirs, more than 20 pressure reducing stations (PRVs) and over 850 km of pipelines as shown in Figure 2-2. The Mission distribution system includes 23 PRVs and over 170 km of pipelines as shown in Figure 2-3. Page 4

8 Figure 2-2: City of Abbotsford Water Distribution System Page 5

9 Figure 2-3: District of Mission Water Distribution System Page 6

10 3 WATER SAMPLING AND TESTING PROGRAM Abbotsford and Mission work together to monitor drinking water quality according to the requirements of the BC Drinking Water Protection Act and Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality (GCDWQ). The AMWSC monitors source water quality and transmission system water quality to confirm effective water treatment. Mission and Abbotsford monitor their distribution network water quality to ensure that there has been no water quality deterioration during passage through their distribution pipelines. Table 3-1 summarizes the monitoring program and the following sections describe key water quality results from 2016 sampling programs. Table 3-1: AMWSC, Abbotsford & Mission Water Quality Monitoring Program Parameters Raw Surface Water Raw Well Water Treated Water Monitoring Purpose Chemical & Physical Scan (1) Turbidity & Ultraviolet Transmittance (UVT) Annually Annually (metals - monthly) (5) To characterize source water quality and track fundamental shifts in quality. Metals are being monitored monthly as part of the Bevan Wells environmental monitoring program. On-Line On-Line (2) To obtain necessary information required for effective control of the water treatment process. Nitrates/Nitrites - Monthly - To proactively screen for aquifer contamination. E. Coli & Total Coliform - - Weekly (42 locations) Disinfection Monitoring (3) - - Weekly (4) (42 locations) Trihalomethanes & Haloacetic Acids Cryptosporidium & Giardia - - Monthly - Quarterly (4-5 locations) Monthly (2 locations) To proactively screen for biological contamination of the distributed water. To ensure that a disinfection residual is maintained through the distribution system. To ensure that disinfection by-product levels remain below recommended limits. To proactively screen for protozoan contamination of the distributed water. Various - - Annually Proactively screening for pipe deterioration. (1) Chemical and Physical Scan includes: alkalinity, aluminum, antimony, arsenic, barium, boron, bicarbonate, calcium, carbonate, colour, conductivity, hardness, hydroxide, cadmium, chloride, chromium, copper, fluoride, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, mercury, nitrate/nitrite, ph, potassium, silicon, selenium, sodium, sulphate, turbidity, total dissolved solids, uranium, and zinc. (2) Treated water turbidity from the Norrish Creek Water Treatment Plant is monitored on-line at the outlet of each filter and then again at the Bell Road Ammonia and Soda Ash Station. (UVT is not monitored in treated water). (3) Disinfection monitoring includes analyses of total and free chlorine, along with temperature, turbidity and ph (which can help identify the cause of poor disinfection if it arises). Ammonia, monochloramine and dichloramine are also monitored after ammonia addition and then again at the Maclure Reservoir to ensure effective chloramination. (4) In addition to weekly sampling, online instruments continuously monitor total chlorine, ph and turbidity at various points in the distribution system. A station monitors all three parameters near Barrowtown, total chlorine is measured at the outlets of the disinfection stations and ph is monitored at the inlet and outlet of the soda ash dosing station. (5) Monthly metal testing at the wells is not normally part of the water quality monitoring program. However, this data is being collected under a separate program related to an AMWSC environmental assessment certificate. Page 7

11 The GCDWQ sets standards for safe levels of contaminants commonly found in municipal drinking water. However, some people with significantly weakened immune systems may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immunocompromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and some infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people are urged to review the HealthLinkBC information sheet attached as Appendix A. All customers should read Fraser Health s message about flushing taps that have not been used for six hours or longer. Please refer to Appendix B. Page 8

12 3.1 Raw Source Water Quality Monitoring Surface Water Physical & Chemical Scan The quality of raw source water influences the level of treatment required to produce domestic water suitable for consumption. Outside of on-line analytical measurements, both Norrish Creek and Cannell Lake raw water are tested annually for various physical and chemical characteristics to monitor if there are any fundamental changes in quality from year to year. Table 3-2 contains the detailed results from these analyses for In general water quality has remained consistent for the past three years. In 2015, the City of Abbotsford changed laboratory service providers. The Method Reporting Limit (MRL) is different due to the analytical variability of the different laboratories. All of the results met the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality. Turbidity Turbidity is a principal physical characteristic of water. It is caused by suspended matter or impurities that interfere with the clarity of the water. Excessive turbidity in drinking water is aesthetically unappealing, and may also represent a health concern since it can provide food and shelter for pathogens. Although turbidity is not a direct indicator of health risk, studies show a strong relationship between removal of turbidity and removal of pathogens. The Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality (GCDWQ) specify that water filtration systems should target a treated water turbidity of less than 0.1 NTU. However, for slow sand filters, this guideline is relaxed to 1.0 NTU 1. The GCDWQ also recommends that all surface water be filtered unless several conditions are met, including the criteria that average daily raw water turbidity be less than 1.0 NTU and never exceed 5.0 NTU 2. The AMWSC uses on-line turbidity meters at Norrish Creek for continual optimization of the water filtration process and at Cannell Lake to ensure that turbidity is within the guidelines for unfiltered surface water. The WTP uses both membrane filtration and slow sand in parallel, with more than 50% of the flow passing through the sand filters. All water exiting the filters met the turbidity requirements. The average daily turbidity reading at Cannell Lake was 0.22 NTU and the highest recorded value was 0.55 NTU. 1 Health Canada, May Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality Summary Table. Retrieved from: 2 Health Canada, October Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality Supporting Documentation. Turbidity. Retrieved from: Page 9

13 Table 3-2: Norrish Creek & Cannell Lake Annual Raw Water Physical & Chemical Scan Parameter Units GCDWQ 3 Norrish Creek Cannell Lake 22-Oct 08-Oct 20-Oct 22-Oct 08-Oct 20-Oct Alkalinity (as CaCO 3) mg/l Aluminum (total) µg/l < <50 12 Antimony (total) µg/l 6 <0.5 <1 <0.1 <0.5 <1 <0.1 Arsenic (total) µg/l <5 < <5 <0.5 Barium (total) µg/l <50 <5 2.6 <50 <5 Bicarbonate (as HCO 3) mg/l Boron (total) µg/l 5000 <50 <40 7 <50 <40 7 Cadmium (total) µg/l 5 <0.010 < <0.01 <0.1 <0.01 Calcium (dissolved) mg/l <2 1.6 Carbonate (as CO 3) mg/l - <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 Chloride mg/l Chromium (total) µg/l 50 <1 <5 <0.5 <1 <5 <0.5 Colour (total) TCU < <5 <5 Conductivity micros/cm Copper (total) µg/l Fluoride mg/l <0.1 < <0.1 <0.1 Hardness (as CaCO 3) mg/l < Hydroxide mg/l - <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 Iron (dissolved) µg/l - 37 < < Iron (total) µg/l < < Lead (total) µg/l < Magnesium (dissolved) mg/l Magnesium (total) mg/l Manganese (dissolved) µg/l Manganese (total) µg/l Mercury (total) µg/l 1 <.02 <0.02 <0.01 <.02 <0.02 Nitrate (as N) mg/l < Nitrite (as N) mg/l - <0.005 <0.010 <0.010 <0.005 <0.010 <0.010 ph Potassium (dissolved) mg/l < <0.05 < Selenium (total) µg/l 50 <0.1 <5 <0.5 <0.1 <5 <0.5 Silicon (dissolved) µg/l < < Sodium (dissolved) mg/l Sulphate mg/l 500 < < <1 <1 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l <10 <10 21 Uranium (total) µg/l 20 <0.1 < <0.1 <0.2 <0.02 Zinc (total) µg/l 5000 <5 <40 50 <5 < Black text denotes health-based maximum acceptable concentrations (MAC); light grey text denotes aesthetic objectives (AO). 4 Due to excess tannins in the water at Norrish Creek in 2014, the Aluminum content recorded was 362 µg/l. Tannins leach out of decaying organic substances, such as leaves, and dissolve in the water. They are not a specific or chronic health concern. Ultra-filtration that is used at the Norrish Creek Water Treatment Plant does remove some of the Aluminum. Water samples were also taken at Bell Road the same day and the Aluminum reading was 93.3 µg/l. 5 Due to excess tannins in the water at Norrish Creek in 2014, the colour reading recorded was 40 Total Colour Units (TCU); above the aesthetic objective of 15. The standard for these parameters are based on aesthetic problems with the water and not a specific acute or chronic health concern. 6 Due to storms and heavy rain in fall of 2016 there were excess tannins in the water at Norrish Creek from increased organic matter. The colour reading recorded was 27 Total Colour Units (TCU); above the aesthetic objective of 15. The standard for these parameters are based on aesthetic problems with the water and not a specific acute or chronic health concern. Page 10

14 Groundwater Physical & Chemical Scan Annual well water quality results from 2016 and the two previous years from the AMWSC wells are provided in Table 3-3. In addition to an annual physical and chemical scan of the well water, monthly sampling for total metals occurs as part of an AMWSC commitment to monitor quality in various water bodies for an Environmental Assessment Certificate. Table 3-4 shows minimum, maximum and average values for total metals results collected under this program. The only parameters exceeding levels recommended by the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality (GCDWQ) are arsenic in one well that is not being used, iron, and manganese. These parameters are discussed below. Arsenic Arsenic can be found in both surface water and groundwater sources, with levels generally higher in groundwater. Most provinces and territories across Canada report some areas where arsenic can be detected in drinking water supplies. Although levels are generally well below the guideline, elevated arsenic concentrations have been found in areas with natural sources. 7 Industrial B s average arsenic concentration in 2016 was 9 µg/l and the maximum concentration was 10.5 µg/l. The Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC) is 10 µg/l. Industrial B is not used and is only turned on for maintenance and testing. Iron Iron is generally present in surface waters as salts containing Fe (III) when the ph is above 7. Most of those salts are insoluble and settle out or are adsorbed onto surfaces; therefore, the concentration of iron in well-aerated waters is seldom high. Under reducing conditions, which may exist in some groundwaters, lakes or reservoirs, and in the absence of sulphide and carbonate, high concentrations of soluble Fe(II) may be found. The presence of iron in natural waters can be attributed to the weathering of rocks and minerals, acidic mine water drainage, landfill leachates, sewage effluents and iron-related industries 8. Farmer 2, and Riverside 2 have high have iron levels above the aesthetic objective of the GCDWQ. Farmer 2 and Riverside 2 were not used in Bevan 1, 3 and 4 had high maximum readings, but the average was below 300 µg/l. Norrish and Cannell have low levels of iron; therefore it is likely that the other sources would dilute the iron concentrations. Manganese Manganese is a naturally occurring element in most water sources. High levels of manganese may cause fixture and laundry staining. The GCDWQ specifies an aesthetic guideline 0.05 mg/l for manganese. Four wells (Farmer 2, Industrial C, Townline 1 and Pine) produce water with elevated manganese regularly. For the most part, the blending of the high manganese well water with that from other sources dilutes the manganese to levels that do not cause staining problems. However, Farmer 2 is known to cause manganese scale build-up within pipes in the area around the wells. As such, Farmer 2 was not operated in Health Canada, December, Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality: Guideline Technical Document Arsenic Retrieved from: 8 Health Canada, December, Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality: Guideline Technical Document Iron Retrieved from: Page 11

15 Nitrate & Nitrite Nitrate itself is a relatively non-toxic substance. However, bacteria can convert nitrate to nitrite in the environment, in foods and in the human body. Nitrite can then interfere with the ability of red blood cells to carry oxygen to the tissues of the body, producing a condition called methemoglobinemia. It is of greatest concern in infants. Water naturally contains less than 1 milligram of nitrate-nitrogen 9 ; higher levels may indicate contamination. The Abbotsford-Sumas aquifer is known to contain elevated levels of nitrate stemming from the application of agricultural fertilizer to the land above. The AMWSC thus monitors for nitrate and nitrites on a monthly basis in all wells results are shown in Table 3-5. Nine years of nitrate trending are plotted in Figures 3.1(a-h) for wells with moderate-to-high concentrations. Industrial A s water has occasionally contained nitrate levels above the GCDWQ s maximum acceptable limit of 10 mg/l, however in recent years the nitrate results have been below the 10 mg/l limit. 9 BC Water Stewardship Office, May Nitrate in Groundwater. Retrieved from: Page 12

16 Table 3-3: Well Annual Raw Water Physical & Chemical Parameter Scan Farmer 1 Farmer 2 Farmer 3 Industrial A Industrial B Industrial C McConnell Parameter Units GCDWQ Oct 22 Oct 8 Oct 20 Oct 22 Oct 8 Oct 20 Oct 22 Oct 8 Oct 20 Oct 22 Oct 8 Oct 20 Oct 22 Oct 8 Oct 20 Oct 22 Oct 8 Oct 20 Oct 22 Oct 8 Alkalinity (as CaCO 3) mg/l Aluminum (total) µg/l 200 <3 <50 <50 <3 <50 <50 <3 <50 <50 <3 <50 <50 <3 <50 <50 <3 <50 <50 <3 <50 <50 Antimony (total) µg/l 6 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 Arsenic (total) µg/l 10 <0.10 <5 < <5 < <5 < <5 < <5 Barium (total) µg/l <50 < <50 < <50 < <50 < <50 < <50 < <50 <50 Bicarbonate (as HCO 3) mg/l Boron (total) µg/l 5000 <50 <50 <40 <50 <40 42 <50 <40 <40 <50 <40 <40 <50 <40 <40 <50 <40 <40 <50 <40 <40 Cadmium (total) µg/l <0.1 < <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <0.1 < <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <0.1 <0.1 Calcium (dissolved) mg/l Carbonate (as CO 3) mg/l - <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 Chloride mg/l Chromium (total) µg/l 50 <1 <5 <5 <1 <5 <5 <1 <5 <5 <1 <5 <5 <1 <5 <5 <1 <5 <5 <1 <5 <5 Colour (Total) TCU 15 <5 <5 <5 5 <5 <5 5 <5 <5 5 <5 <5 5 <5 <5 10 <5 <5 5 <5 <5 Conductivity micros/cm Copper (total) µg/l < Fluoride mg/l <0.1 < <0.1 < <0.1 < <0.1 < <0.1 < <0.1 < <0.1 <0.1 Hardness (as CaCO 3) mg/l Hydroxide mg/l - <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 Iron (dissolved) µg/l < < <100 < <100 < <100 < <100 < <100 <10 Iron (total) µg/l 300 <5 <100 < <100 < <100 < <100 < <100 < <100 < <100 <100 Lead (total) µg/l <1 < <1 <1 <0.2 <1 <1 <0.2 <1 <1 <0.2 <1 < <1 <1 <0.2 <1 <1 Magnesium (dissolved) mg/l Magnesium (total) mg/l Manganese (dissolved) µg/l Manganese (total) µg/l <1 2 < Mercury (total) µg/l 1 <0.01 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 <0.02 ph Potassium (dissolved) mg/l Selenium (total) µg/l <5 <5 <0.10 <5 < <5 < <5 <5 <0.1 <5 <5 <0.1 <5 < <5 <5 Silicon (dissolved) µg/l Sodium (dissolved) mg/l Sulphate mg/l Total Dissolved Solids mg/l Turbidity NTU - <0.1 < < <0.1 < < < < <0.1 Uranium (total) µg/l 20 <0.1 <0.2 <0.2 <0.1 <0.2 < <0.2 < < <0.2 Zinc (Total) µg/l <40 < <40 <40 <5 <40 < <40 < <40 <40 <5 <40 <40 <5 <40 < Oct Black text denotes health-based maximum acceptable concentrations (MAC); light grey text denotes aesthetic objectives (AO). 11 See page 11 Manganese section Page 13

17 Table 3-3: Well Annual Raw Water Physical & Chemical Parameter Scan (continued) Marshall 1 Marshall 2 Marshall 3 Riverside 1 Riverside 2 Townline 1 Townline 2 Parameter Units GCDWQ Oct 22 Oct 8 Oct 20 Oct 22 Oct 8 Oct 20 Oct 22 Oct 8 Oct 20 Oct 22 Oct 8 Oct 20 Nov 28 Oct 8 Oct 20 Nov 28 Oct 8 Oct 20 Oct 22 Oct 8 Oct 20 Alkalinity (as CaCO 3) mg/l Not Tested Not Tested Not Tested Not Tested Not Tested Aluminum (total) µg/l <50 <50 <3 <50 <3 <50 <50 <3 <50 <3 <50 <50 <3 <50 <50 Antimony (total) µg/l 6 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 Arsenic (total) µg/l <5 < < <5 < < <5 < <5 <5 Barium (total) µg/l <50 < < <50 < < <50 < <50 <50 Bicarbonate (as HCO 3) mg/l Boron (total) µg/l 5000 <50 <40 <40 <50 <40 <50 <40 <40 <50 <40 <50 <40 <40 <50 <40 42 Cadmium (total) µg/l <0.1 < < <0.1 < < <0.1 < <0.1 <0.1 Calcium (dissolved) mg/l Carbonate (as CO 3) mg/l - <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 Chloride mg/l Chromium µg/l 50 <1 <5 <5 <1 <5 <1 <5 <5 <1 <5 <1 <5 <5 <1 <5 <5 Colour (total) TCU 15 <5 <5 <5 5 <5 15 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 Conductivity micros/cm Copper (total) µg/l Fluoride mg/l <0.1 < < <0.1 < < <0.1 < <0.1 <0.1 Hardness (as CaCO 3) mg/l Hydroxide mg/l - <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 Iron (dissolved) µg/l < <100 <5.0 <100 < < < <5 < Iron (total) µg/l <100 < < <100 < < <100 < < Lead (total) µg/l <1 <1 <0.2 <1 <0.2 <1 <1 0.5 < <1 < <1 <1 Magnesium (dissolved) mg/l Magnesium (total) mg/l Manganese (dissolved) µg/l <2 <1 <2 < < <1 <2 2.2 Manganese (total) µg/l <2 <1 <2 <2 1.1 < <1 <2 2.3 Mercury (total) µg/l 1 <0.01 <0.02 <0..02 <0.01 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 <0.02 ph Potassium (dissolved) mg/l Selenium (total) µg/l 10 <0.1 <5 <5 <0.1 < <5 < <5 <0.1 <5 < <5 <5 Silicon (dissolved) µg/l Sodium (dissolved) mg/l Sulphate mg/l Total Dissolved Solids mg/l Turbidity NTU < < Uranium (total) µg/l <0.1 <0.2 <0.2 <0.1 <0.2 <0.1 <0.2 <0.02 <0.1 <0.2 <0.2 Zinc (total) µg/l 5000 <5 <40 <40 <5 < <40 < < <40 < <40 <40 12 Black text denotes health-based maximum acceptable concentrations (MAC); light grey text denotes aesthetic objectives (AO). 13 See page 11 Manganese section Page 14

18 Table 3-3: Well Annual Raw Water Physical & Chemical Parameter Scan (continued) Bevan 1 Bevan 2 Bevan 3 Bevan 4 Pine Parameter Units GCDWQ Oct 22 Oct 8 Oct 20 Oct 22 Oct 8 Oct 20 Oct 22 Oct 8 Oct 20 Oct 22 Oct 8 Oct 20 Oct 22 Oct 8 Alkalinity (as CaCO 3) mg/l Aluminum (total) µg/l 200 <3 <50 < <50 <50 <3 <50 <50 <3 <50 <50 <3 <50 <50 Antimony (total) µg/l 6 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 Arsenic (total) µg/l <5 < <5 <5 0.2 <5 < <5 < <5 <5 Barium (total) µg/l <50 < <50 < <50 < <50 < <50 <50 Bicarbonate (as HCO 3) mg/l Boron (total) µg/l 5000 <50 <40 <40 <50 <40 <40 <50 <40 <40 <50 <40 <40 <50 <40 <40 Cadmium (total) µg/l <0.1 < <0.1 < <0.1 < <0.1 < <0.1 <0.1 Calcium (dissolved) (2) mg/l Carbonate (as CO 3) mg/l - <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 Chloride mg/l Chromium µg/l 50 <1 <5 <5 <1 30 <5 <1 <5 <5 <1 <5 <5 <1 <5 <5 Colour (total) TCU 15 5 <5 <5 10 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 15 <5 <5 10 <5 <5 Conductivity micros/cm Copper (total) µg/l Fluoride mg/l <0.1 < <0.1 < <0.1 < <0.1 < <0.1 <0.1 Hardness (as CaCO 3) mg/l Hydroxide mg/l - <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 <0.5 <1 <1 Iron (dissolved) µg/l - <5 <100 < <100 <10 <5 <100 < <100 < < Iron (total) µg/l <100 < <100 < <100 < <100 < <100 <100 Lead (total) µg/l <1 < <1 <1 <0.2 <1 <1 <0.2 <1 < <1 <1 Magnesium (dissolved) mg/l Magnesium (total) mg/l Manganese (dissolved) µg/l < <2 <0.2 <1 < < Manganese (total) µg/l <2 <2 4.6 <2 <2 <1 < <2 < Mercury (total) µg/l 1 <0.01 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 <0.02 ph Potassium (dissolved) mg/l Selenium (total) µg/l <5 < <5 < <5 < <5 <5 <0.1 <5 <5 Silicon (dissolved) µg/l Sodium (dissolved) mg/l Sulphate mg/l Total Dissolved Solids mg/l Turbidity NTU Uranium (total) µg/l 20 <0.1 <0.2 <0.2 <0.1 <0.2 <0.2 <0.1 <0.2 <0.2 <0.1 <0.2 <0.2 <0.1 <0.2 <0.2 Zinc (total) µg/l <40 <40 58 <40 < <40 <40 <5 <40 < <40 < Oct Black text demotes health-based maximum acceptable concentrations (MAC); light grey denotes aesthetic objectives (AO). 15 See page 11 Iron section 16 See page 11 Manganese section Page 15

19 Table 3-4: Monthly Well Total Metals Monitoring (Min, Max and Average) Abbotsford-Mission Water Supply Parameter Units GCDWQ 17 Farmer 1 Farmer 2 Farmer 3 Industrial A Industrial B Industrial C McConnell Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Aluminum (total) µg/l 200 < <5 7 1 <5 <5 <5 < < <5 <5 <5 <5 9 1 Antimony (total) µg/l 6 < < < < < < < Arsenic (total) µg/l 10 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 < Barium (total) µg/l < Boron (total) µg/l Cadmium (total) µg/l 5 < < < < <0.01 < < < Chromium µg/l 50 < < < <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 < Copper (total) µg/l Fluoride mg/l 1.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Hardness (as CaCO 3) mg/l Iron (total) µg/l 300 < < < < < Lead (total) µg/l < < < < Magnesium (total) mg/l Manganese (total) µg/l Mercury (total) µg/l 1 < <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 Selenium (total) µg/l < < <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 < Uranium (total) µg/l 20 < < < Zinc (total) µg/l < < < < < Black text denotes health-based maximum acceptable concentrations (MAC); light grey text denotes aesthetic objectives (AO). 18 See page 11 Arsenic section 19 See page 11 Iron section 20 See page 11 Manganese section Page 16

20 Parameter Units GCDWQ 21 Marshall 1 Marshall 2 Marshall 3 Riverside 1 Riverside 2 Townline 1 Townline 2 Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Aluminum (total) µg/l 200 < <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 8 1 < <5 5 0 Antimony (total) µg/l 6 < < < < < < Arsenic (total) µg/l < < < Barium (total) µg/l Boron (total) µg/l Cadmium (total) µg/l < < < Chromium µg/l 50 < <0.5 <0.5 < < < < Copper (total) µg/l Fluoride mg/l 1.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Hardness (as CaCO 3) mg/l Iron (total) µg/l < < < < Lead (total) µg/l < < Magnesium (total) mg/l Manganese (total) µg/l < Mercury (total) µg/l 1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 < <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 Selenium (total) µg/l 10 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 < <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 Uranium (total) µg/l Zinc (total) µg/l 5000 < < Not Tested Not Tested Not Tested 21 Black text denotes health-based maximum acceptable concentrations (MAC); light grey text denotes aesthetic objectives (AO). 22 See page 11 Manganese section Page 17

21 Table 3-4: Monthly Well Total Metals Monitoring (Min, Max and Average) (Continued) Parameter Units GCDWQ 23 Bevan 1 Bevan 2 Bevan 3 Bevan 4 Pine Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Aluminum (total) µg/l 200 < <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 Antimony (total) µg/l 6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 < Arsenic (total) µg/l 10 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 < <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 Barium (total) µg/l 1000 < <5 6 4 < Boron (total) µg/l Cadmium (total) µg/l < < Chromium µg/l 50 < < < < < Copper (total) µg/l Fluoride mg/l 1.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Hardness (as CaCO 3) mg/l Iron (total) µg/l < < < Lead (total) µg/l 10 < < < < Magnesium (total) mg/l Manganese (total) µg/l Mercury (total) µg/l 1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 < <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 < <0.02 < <0.02 Selenium (total) µg/l 10 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 < <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 Uranium (total) µg/l 20 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 < <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 < Zinc (total) µg/l Black text denotes health-based maximum acceptable concentrations (MAC); light grey text denotes aesthetic objectives (AO). 24 See page 11 Iron section 25 See page 11 Manganese section Page 18

22 Table 3-5: Monthly Well Nitrate & Nitrite Monitoring (all results expressed in mg/l as Nitrogen, NO 3 = nitrate, NO 2 = nitrite) Date Farmer 1 Farmer 2 Farmer 3 Industrial A Industrial B Industrial C McConnell NO 3 NO 2 NO 3 NO 2 NO 3 NO 2 NO 3 NO 2 NO 3 NO 2 NO 3 NO 2 NO 3 NO 2 13-Jan 5.1 NT 2.71 NT 4.01 NT 8.21 NT <0.01 NT <0.01 NT NT 11-Feb 4.74 NT 2.57 NT 2.93 NT 6.68 NT <0.01 NT <0.01 NT NT 9-Mar 4.06 NT NT 2.69 NT 6.03 NT <0.01 NT <0.01 NT NT 6-Apr 4.56 NT 2.44 NT 3.21 NT 6.25 NT <0.01 NT <0.01 NT 2.52 NT 11-May 5.25 NT 3.02 NT 3.33 NT 7.02 NT <0.01 NT NT 2.55 NT 8-Jun 6.10 NT 3.17 NT 3.10 NT 8.36 NT <0.01 NT NT 5.49 NT 7-Jul 5.58 NT 2.83 NT 2.24 NT 7.55 NT <0.01 NT NT 6.16 NT 10-Aug 5.84 NT 2.92 NT 1.48 NT 7.16 NT <0.01 NT NT 3.53 NT 14-Sep 5.64 NT 2.48 NT 2.97 NT 6.76 NT NT NT 2.22 NT 6-Oct 6.06 NT 2.69 NT 2.80 NT 7.31 NT <0.01 NT NT 3.55 NT 17-Nov 4.87 NT 2.65 NT 5.71 NT 7.88 NT <0.01 NT 2.04 NT NT 8-Dec 4.38 NT 2.25 NT 3.00 NT <0.01 NT 5.82 NT NT NT Date Riverside 1 Riverside 2 Marshall 1 Marshall 2 Marshall 3 Townline 1 Townline 2 NO 3 NO 2 NO 3 NO 2 NO 3 NO 2 NO 3 NO 2 NO 3 NO 2 NO 3 NO 2 NO 3 NO 2 13-Jan 3.22 NT 4.17 NT NT NT NT NT 3.73 NT 5.76 NT 11-Feb 3.50 NT 3.92 NT NT NT NT NT 3.82 NT 4.74 NT 9-Mar 3.04 NT 3.70 NT NT NT NT NT 3.50 NT 3.36 NT 6-Apr 3.38 NT 4.13 NT NT NT NT NT 3.64 NT 3.56 NT 11-May 4.27 NT 5.20 NT NT NT NT NT 3.98 NT 4.07 NT 8-Jun 4.88 NT 5.65 NT NT NT NT NT NT 4.25 NT 4.34 NT 7-Jul 4.07 NT 5.13 NT 3.06 NT NT NT NT NT 3.83 NT 4.20 NT 10-Aug 3.67 NT 4.96 NT NT NT NT NT NT 3.83 NT 4.49 NT 14-Sep 3.40 NT 2.42 NT NT NT NT NT NT 3.75 NT 3.77 NT 6-Oct 3.38 NT NT NT NT NT NT NT NT 3.84 NT 3.98 NT 17-Nov 7.86 NT 4.02 NT <0.01 NT NT NT NT NT 3.83 NT 5.14 NT 8-Dec 2.71 NT NT NT NT NT NT NT NT 3.7 NT 3.56 NT Date Bevan 1 Bevan 2 Bevan 3 Bevan 4 Pine NO 3 NO 2 NO 3 NO 2 NO 3 NO 2 NO 3 NO 2 NO 3 NO 2 13-Jan 3.26 NT 2.47 NT 2.61 NT 2.64 NT NT 11-Feb 2.97 NT 2.48 NT 1.34 NT 1.29 NT NT 9-Mar 2.89 NT 2.18 NT 2.29 NT 2.26 NT NT 6-Apr 3.06 NT 2.34 NT 2.38 NT 2.40 NT NT 11-May NT NT 2.77 NT 2.63 NT 2.62 NT NT 8-Jun NT NT 2.77 NT 2.83 NT 3.17 NT 1.03 NT 7-Jul 3.06 NT 2.55 NT 2.47 NT 2.56 NT NT 10-Aug 2.69 NT 2.39 NT 2.58 NT 2.58 NT NT 14-Sep 2.57 NT 2.24 NT 2.42 NT 2.51 NT NT 6-Oct 3.29 NT 2.47 NT 2.53 NT 2.60 NT NT 17-Nov 3.28 NT 2.42 NT 2.73 NT 2.52 NT NT 8-Dec 2.60 NT 1.91 NT 2.05 NT 1.94 NT NT Page 19

23 Figure 3.1a - Farmer 1 Nitrates Figure 3.1b - Farmer 2 Nitrates Nitrates (mg/l) Nitrates (mg/l) Nitrates (mg/l) Figure 3.1c - Industrial A Nitrates Nitrates (mg/l) Figure 3.1d - McConnell Nitrates 20.0 Figure 3.1e - Riverside 1 Nitrates 20.0 Figure 3.1f - Riverside 2 Nitrates Nitrates (mg/l) Nitrates (mg/l) Figure 3.1g - Townline 1 Nitrates Figure 3.1h - Townline 2 Nitrates Nitrates (mg/l) Nitrates (mg/l) Page 20

24 3.2 Distribution Water Quality Monitoring Abbotsford and Mission s distribution systems are tested weekly for ph, turbidity, temperature, E.Coli, total coliforms and disinfection residuals at 37 locations. The AMWSC analyzes these parameters at a further five locations along the transmission lines. A list of sample location codes are provided in Table 3-6. Maps of Abbotsford and Mission sampling sites are provided as Figure 3-1 and Figure 3-2, respectively. W Harris Rd. W2 - Sandy Hill School W McKee Rd. W4 - Bateman Park Table 3-6 Weekly Water Distribution Test Sites City of Abbotsford Distribution Network E2 Old Yale & Arnold Rd. E Marion Wellsline Rd. E4 - Campbell Rd. & Tolmie Rd. E5-3 South Parallel Rd. W Gladwin Rd. E6 - Cole Rd. Across from 1024 W South Fraser Way W Joyce Ave. W8 - King Works Yard W9-515 Gladwin Rd. W Lefeuvre Rd. W Bradner Rd. W14 - Dunach School W Clearbrook Rd. E7-1 Tolmie Rd. E McDermott Rd. E9 - Lower Sumas Mtn. Rd. E Regal Parkway E12 - Beck Larch Park E McMillan Rd. E14 - Victory Moulstade Rd. E Orchard Dr. W Swensson Rd. District of Mission Distribution Network M1 Israel Avenue M2 Balsam Avenue M3 Penner Avenue M5 Hillcrest Avenue M6 Cannell Booster Station M8 Laminman Avenue M9 Shook Street M10 Miller Crescent M7 Mary 4 th Avenue AMWSC Transmission Pipelines Bell Rd. Cannon Pit 400 & Cannon Pit 600 Ainsworth St. Maclure Reservoir Schedule B of the BC Drinking Water Protection Regulation establishes the guideline for water sampling frequency of microbiological contaminants. For water utilities serving more than 90,000 consumers, 90 samples plus 1 sample for every additional 10,000 persons is required per month. Thus, with a serviced population of approximately 160,000, a minimum of 97 samples per month are required. In 2016, the AMSWC, Abbotsford and Mission tested an average of 183 samples per month, thereby exceeding requirements. Page 21

25 Figure 3-1: Abbotsford Water Distribution Network Sampling Locations Page 22

26 Figure 3-2: Mission Water Distribution Network Sampling Locations Page 23

27 3.2.1 E.Coli and Total Coliform Schedule A of the BC Drinking Water Protection Regulation contains standards for the bacteriological quality of potable water in the province: No sample should be positive for E.Coli; No more than 10% of the samples in a 30-day period should be positive for Total Coliform; and No sample should contain more than 10 Total Coliform per 100 ml. Total coliforms are a group of bacteria that are generally free-living in the environment, but are also present in water contaminated with human and animal faeces. They generally do not cause human disease, but their presence in a water distribution system may indicate that the system is vulnerable to contamination or is experiencing bacterial re-growth. E. coli is a member of the Total Coliform group and is found exclusively in the faeces of humans and other animals. Its presence in water indicates faecal contamination of the water and possible presence of intestinal disease-causing bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. The detection of an E. coli triggers a protocol which involves immediate notification of health and municipal officials, re-sampling and a thorough investigation into the possible causes. The AMWSC, Abbotsford and Mission tested 2282 samples for microbiological parameters in E.Coli was not found in any sample. Total coliforms were detected in the distribution system at two sites, and then resampled and came back clean. All 2016 bacteriological results can be found on the AMWSC website at Table 3-7 Detectable Coliform Results in Distribution Date Location Total Coliforms (ct/100 ml) May 25 E11 St. Moritz Way 1 November 15 W11 Lefeuvre Road Disinfection Residuals Disinfectants are added to potable water supplies to inactivate microorganisms, such as bacteria and viruses, which may be present in the water sources. Chlorine-based chemicals are the most widely used disinfecting agents. The AMWSC uses chloramines for residual disinfection. Chloramination has two distinct advantages over free chlorine: (i) the residual lasts longer, which ensures that disinfection is maintained to the extreme ends of Mission and Abbotsford s large distribution networks, (ii) research suggests that chloramines produce less disinfection by-products than chlorine. Page 24

28 Health Canada describes that the optimal operational range for chlorine in drinking water is between a detectable level and 5 mg/l. 26. As the water travels through the distribution system, the concentration of chloramines declines. The AMWSC doses chloramines so that the water initially contains a residual between 1.0 and 1.5 mg/l. This initial concentration range generally ensures that there are trace amounts of disinfectant at the far reaches of the pipe network. The AMWSC, Abbotsford and Mission tested samples for total and free chlorine in 2016 (the difference between the total and free values approximates the total chloramine concentrations). Of these samples, 95.4% were greater than 0.2 mg/l in Abbotsford and 99.8% in Mission. Unless total coliforms begin to appear in the system, periodic low disinfection residuals are not a concern. The maximum total chlorine concentrations detected in the Abbotsford and Mission distribution systems during 2016 were 1.49 mg/l and 1.89 mg/l, respectively. Table 3.8 provides 2016 total chlorine residual statistics for the system and individual sampling locations Cryptosporidium and Giardia Cryptosporidium and Giardia are microorganisms found naturally in the intestines of animals and people. They enter water through contamination with sewage or animal wastes. During one stage in their development cycle, they become encased in a hard shell called an oocyst that is very resistant to traditional methods of water treatment, such as chlorination. Filtration (such as that practiced at the Norrish Creek WTP) and advanced disinfection methods such as ultraviolet are considered effective methods for removing or inactivating protozoa. In 2016, Cannell Lake s raw water was sampled for Cryptosporidium and Giardia 12 times. There were no counts in any of the samples. Downstream of Cannell water disinfection, Giardia and Cryptosporidium are monitored at Cannon Pit. This site was sampled 12 times in There were no counts in any of the samples Trihalomethanes and Haloacetic Acids Trihalomethanes (THMs) and Haloacetic Acids (HAAs) are by-products of disinfection, created when chlorine reacts with organic matter dissolved in water. THMs and HAAs are suspected carcinogens and thus a human health concern. The GCDWQ recommend limits of 100 µg/l for Trihalomethanes and 80 µg/l for Haloacetic Acids 27. The AMWSC tests quarterly for THMs and HAAs at the locations shown in Table 3-9 and All results were well below the recommended limits, with the highest results being 27 µg/l and 40 µg/l, respectively for total THMs and HAAs. These excellent results are partly attributed to the low organic content in our source waters. Chloramination also helps to suppress the level of disinfection byproducts (i.e. chlorine preferentially bonds with the dosed ammonia rather than the organic matter). 26 Health Canada, December Chlorine in Drinking Water. Retrieved from: pg Health Canada, May Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water. Retrieved from: Page 25

29 3.2.5 Pipe Deterioration Monitoring On an annual basis, several samples are collected from various points in the distribution system to proactively monitor for pipe deterioration. Asbestos fiber testing provides confidence that there is no deterioration of asbestos cement (AC pipe). In 2016, all asbestos results were non-detect. Page 26

30 Table 3-8 Disinfection Residuals System Wide Statistics Overall Transmission Abbotsford Mission with Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg with with with Transmission System Sample Locations Ainsworth Cannon 600 Cannon 400 Bell Road Maclure with Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg with with with with Mission Distribution Sample Locations M1 M2 M3 M5 M6 with Total Cl (mg.l) Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg with with with with M7 M8 M9 M10 with Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg with with with Page 27

31 Table 3-8 Disinfection Residuals (continued) Abbotsford Distribution Sample Locations W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 with Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg with with with with with with W8 W9 W10 W11 W13 W14 W15 with Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg with with with with with with with W16 W9 W10 W11 W13 W14 W15 Max Avg Max Max Max Max Max Max Tot. Col. l. Tot. Col. Tot. Col. with E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg with with with with with with with E9 E10 E11 E12 E13 E14 E15 Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg Max Avg with with with with with with Page 28

32 Table 3-9 Trihalomethanes Results (in µg/l) Date Location A B C D Total Chloroform Bromoform Bromodichloro- Dibromochloro- (A + B + C + D) methane methane Maclure Reservoir 13 <1 <1 < Mar E4 12 <1 <1 <1 12 W9 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 W11 12 <1 <1 <1 12 M7 17 <1 <1 <1 17 Maclure Reservoir 21 <1 <1 <1 21 E4 16 <1 <1 < Jul W9 2 <1 <1 <1 2 W11 18 <1 <1 <1 18 M7 22 <1 <1 <1 22 Maclure Reservoir 25 <1 <1 < Sep E4 27 <1 <1 <1 27 W9 14 <1 <1 <1 14 W11 27 <1 <1 <1 27 M7 25 <1 <1 <1 25 Maclure Reservoir 10 <1 <1 < Dec E4 11 <1 <1 <1 11 W9 1 <1 <1 <1 1 W11 11 <1 <1 <1 11 M7 10 <1 <1 <1 10 Page 29

33 Table 3-10 Haloacetic Acids Results (in µg/l) Abbotsford-Mission Water Supply Date 23-Mar Location A Monobromoacetic acid B Dibromoacetic acid C Monochloroacetic acid D Dichloroacetic acid E Trichloroacetic acid Haloacetic Acids (A + B + C + D + E) Cannon Pit 400 <2 <2 < Cannon Pit 600 <2 3 < Shook <2 <2 < Maclure Reservoir <2 3 < Cannon Pit 400 <2 <2 < Jul Cannon Pit 600 <2 <2 < Shook <2 <2 < Maclure Reservoir <2 <2 < Cannon Pit 400 <2 <2 < Sep Cannon Pit 600 <2 <2 < Shook <2 <2 < Maclure Reservoir <2 <2 < Cannon Pit 400 <2 <2 < Dec Cannon Pit 600 <2 <2 < Shook <2 <2 < Maclure Reservoir <2 <3 < SYSTEM MAINTENANCE The AMWSC, City of Abbotsford and District of Mission have more than 40 staff assigned to engineering, operations management, maintenance, and light construction of the water utility system. To maintain the quality of the water throughout the distribution system, Abbotsford and Mission utilize an annual flushing program. Regular flushing is an integral part of a comprehensive water management program to prevent bacterial re-growth and stagnation in low circulation areas of the distribution system. Mission also swabs about 20% of their water system annually. Abbotsford has an annual program to replace aging pipe, based on its developing asset management system. Priority is given to pipes that are made of asbestos cement (AC), ductile iron in a known corrosive soil, and those that are approaching the end of their service life or have a history of problems. Abbotsford began using its new smart meters to identify leaks in its distribution system in Mission has developed a leak detection program which identifies system areas in need of upgrades or replacement. Page 30

34 4.1 Staff Certification & Training The BC Environmental Operators Certification Program (EOCP) classifies water systems and certifies operators using ratings of I through IV. Higher numbers correspond to greater operational complexity and operators with more advanced training. The BC Drinking Water Protection Act requires that water system owners employ operators with a certification level numerically equivalent to the classification of the water system. The AMWSC s Norrish Water Treatment Plant is classified as Level III and the transmission system is classified as Level IV. Abbotsford s water distribution system is classified as Level IV and Mission s is Level II. Abbotsford staff maintain and operate the treatment plant, transmission system and Abbotsford s distribution system. The District of Mission operates the Mission distribution system. The Abbotsford waterworks team includes 24 operators. Of these, 5 have water treatment certificates with the highest being a Level III. All operators have water distribution certificates; four have Level III and one has level IV. The City is continuously training staff, and has met the requirements by the BC EOCP for both treatment and distribution. The District of Mission s team includes 13 operators with water distribution certificates; nine have their Level II. Page 31

35 4.2 Water System Events in 2016 In 2016 the following water system events occurred that had an impact upon water quality: Norrish Creek coanda screen repair and gravel extraction 4.3 Operational Highlights for 2016 In 2016 the AMWSC, Abbotsford and Mission achieved the following significant works: AMWSC The construction and commissioning of the Cannell Lake Water Treatment Plant New genset and backup power supply for the Norrish Creek Water Treatment Plant Ten year Dam Safety Reviews for Dickson and Cannell Continued working on Bevan Wells Environmental Assessment Certificate Amendment Application Conducted upgrades to the SCADA system Abbotsford AC watermain replacement - completion of 2015 projects and 2016 project was 60% completed Old Yale Booster Pump 5 pulled for maintenance All three Empress booster pumps overhauled and repaired Pump seals at Uppper Maclure Booster station replaced 300mm PRV to St. Moritz Reservoir at Sandon PRV station rebuilt Cassiar and Empress Reservoirs cleaned and inspected by divers Design of a new booster station at McKinley Drive continuing Design underway for upgrading of pump stations at Bradner and Saddle Reservoirs 7 Operators attained EOCP WD II Mission Leak detection on 10% of the water distribution system Continued the AC water main replacement program, replacing 1 km of existing AC water mains with ductile iron water main material Completed 110 new water meter installs Replaced 28, older and larger ICI water meters. Implemented a drive by radio read system for water meters; all metered residential are complete and ICI meters have begun, with 7% updated in Page 32

36 4.4 Works Planned for 2017 Key water system projects scheduled for 2016 include the following: AMWSC SCADA and server upgrades Industrial B & C conversion to pitless adapters Finalize the Bevan Wells Environmental Assessment Certificate Amendment Application Maclure 400mm and 750mm PRV replacements Norrish Water Treatment Plant humidity control Finalize security and safety upgrades for the well disinfection stations Installation of an ammonia scrubber at the Marshall Wells disinfection station New Water Master Plan/Source Study Replace electrical cables and raft modifications at Dickson Lake Install log booms at Dickson and Cannell Lake Dams Abbotsford AC watermain replacement Assessment of AC watermains for replacement in future years Replacement of aging meters Continue design for upgrading of pump stations at Bradner and Saddle Reservoirs SCADA upgrades New Water Master Plan Mission Continue AC water main replacement program Continue leak detection, on 20 % of the water distribution system Continue installing residential water meters as part of metering program for new developments Ongoing consumption comparison with the water meter pilot program between newer and older homes Continue oldest and largest ICI water meter replacement and radio read updates for 10-20% Initiating a unidirection flushing program to clean mains at 20% of the system annually 4.5 Emergency Response The AMWSC completed an Emergency Response Procedures Manual in The Emergency Response Plan (ERP) has been developed to addresses potential hazards such as earthquakes, floods, severe storms, volcanic eruption, and pandemic/staff illnesses. The ERP outlines procedures regarding the effect of hazards, including loss of water supply, loss of power, contamination/turbidity in the water system, or damage to water infrastructure. The ERP may be implemented as: 1. Part of a joint emergency between the City of Abbotsford and the District of Mission, where all engineering resources would be coordinated by the City s Engineering Department Operations Page 33

37 Centre; the Plan is premised on Abbotsford staff taking the lead role on all emergencies related to the joint water system. 2. A stand-alone plan to deal with a water emergency, managed by water utility staff; or 3. In a limited response to a City wide emergency, involving water utility staff as part of an emergency resource to address a specific situation. Activation of the ERP occurs when information is received that an emergency exists, either through staff, public, media, or police/fire communications. Staff are directed to determine the location and nature of the event, eliminate the hazard, and ultimately restore normal water service. The ERP contains checklists to prioritize risks and responses, indicators of problems, and restoration plans. In the event of a positive test for contaminated water, or a case of field evidence indicating that the quality of the water system may be compromised, the City first isolates the affected section of the system to reduce the impact and then contacts Fraser Health to advise them of the situation. The City and the Medical Health Officer (MHO) then evaluate the need for a Boil Water or Stop Water Use advisory. If such an advisory is to be issued, the City will inform the public. The MHO determines when the advisory can be lifted. The ERP was activated once in As described in the 2013 report, a landslide occurred along the Norrish Creek Forestry Service Road on October 2 nd. This interrupted water supply from Norrish for approximately 7 weeks, necessitating that Cannell Lake and the wells meet water demands during this time. Hard copies of the ERP are available for public perusal at Abbotsford s Engineering Department Reception (City Hall, 4 th floor) and Mission s City Hall Reception. Page 34

38 CONCLUSIONS Results from 2016 water quality monitoring demonstrate that the City of Abbotsford and District of Mission s drinking water is potable under the definition of the Drinking Water Protection Act & Regulation. AMWSC and municipal water engineers and operators continue to seek water system improvements to consistently provide a quality source of potable water to local residents. Monitoring and maintenance programs are designed to meet the challenges of distributing water while preserving public health and the environment and meeting all regulatory requirements. Working closely with Fraser Health, the public, and the AMWSC, Abbotsford and Mission will continue to provide an aesthetically-pleasing, clean, and safe source of drinking water for all to enjoy. Page 35

39 APPENDIX A

40

41