USGS & NWS Flood Inundation Mapping

Transcription

1 USGS & NWS Flood Inundation Mapping Georgia Association of Floodplain Managers March 2011 Brian McCallum USGS GA Water Science Center (w/ assistance from Tom Graziano, NWS) U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey

2 Topics to inundate you with What is Flood Inundation Mapping? Approach Requirements Visual products Benefits New Projects in Georgia IWRSS Partnership National Hydrologic Warning Council

3 What is Flood Inundation Mapping? Flood Inundation Mapping (FIM) is a real-time, operational tool that visually relates USGS streamgage readings and NWS forecasts to flood risk for the primary purpose of public safety, but also has significant benefits of: Understanding changing natural processes that produce hazards Development of hazard mitigation strategies and technologies Effectively reduce vulnerability and repetition of loss to infrastructure Promotion of risk-wise behavior

4 Current Forecasting Approach Current flood products focus on: Real-time USGS streamgage data NWS forecasts Difficult for someone to relate a point data value to their front step a block or a mile away from the gage Have to rely on memory of past events to relate personal risk

5 A Test! Operated since 1893 (continuously since 1901) Peak of record is 43.0 feet on July 11, 1994 In 2009, it reached 31.7 feet on April 4 th. Flood stage is 26.0 feet

6 New Approach An aerial view of inundated areas directly linked to USGS streamgage and NWS forecast information Static map library of 1 to 2 foot intervals starting at NWS flood stage and going up to (and beyond) historic flood levels Related to Minor, Moderate, and Major flood NWS classifications

7 New Approach An aerial view of inundated areas directly linked to USGS streamgage and NWS forecast information Static map library of 1 to 2 foot intervals starting at NWS flood stage and going up to (and beyond) historic flood levels Related to Minor, Moderate, and Major flood NWS classifications

8 New Approach An aerial view of inundated areas directly linked to USGS streamgage and NWS forecast information Static map library of 1 to 2 foot intervals starting at NWS flood stage and going up to (and beyond) historic flood levels Related to Minor, Moderate, and Major flood NWS classifications

9 New Approach An aerial view of inundated areas directly linked to USGS streamgage and NWS forecast information Static map library of 1 to 2 foot intervals starting at NWS flood stage and going up to (and beyond) historic flood levels Related to Minor, Moderate, and Major flood NWS classifications

10 New Approach An aerial view of inundated areas directly linked to USGS streamgage and NWS forecast information Static map library of 1 to 2 foot intervals starting at NWS flood stage and going up to (and beyond) historic flood levels Related to Minor, Moderate, and Major flood NWS classifications

11 New Approach An aerial view of inundated areas directly linked to USGS streamgage and NWS forecast information Static map library of 1 to 2 foot intervals starting at NWS flood stage and going up to (and beyond) historic flood levels Related to Minor, Moderate, and Major flood NWS classifications

12 New Approach An aerial view of inundated areas directly linked to USGS streamgage and NWS forecast information Static map library of 1 to 2 foot intervals starting at NWS flood stage and going up to (and beyond) historic flood levels Related to Minor, Moderate, and Major flood NWS classifications

13 New Approach An aerial view of inundated areas directly linked to USGS streamgage and NWS forecast information Static map library of 1 to 2 foot intervals starting at NWS flood stage and going up to (and beyond) historic flood levels Related to Minor, Moderate, and Major flood NWS classifications

14 New Approach An aerial view of inundated areas directly linked to USGS streamgage and NWS forecast information Static map library of 1 to 2 foot intervals starting at NWS flood stage and going up to (and beyond) historic flood levels Related to Minor, Moderate, and Major flood NWS classifications

15 New Approach An aerial view of inundated areas directly linked to USGS streamgage and NWS forecast information Static map library of 1 to 2 foot intervals starting at NWS flood stage and going up to (and beyond) historic flood levels Related to Minor, Moderate, and Major flood NWS classifications

16 New Approach An aerial view of inundated areas directly linked to USGS streamgage and NWS forecast information Static map library of 1 to 2 foot intervals starting at NWS flood stage and going up to (and beyond) historic flood levels Related to Minor, Moderate, and Major flood NWS classifications

17 New Approach An aerial view of inundated areas directly linked to USGS streamgage and NWS forecast information Static map library of 1 to 2 foot intervals starting at NWS flood stage and going up to (and beyond) historic flood levels Related to Minor, Moderate, and Major flood NWS classifications

18 New Approach An aerial view of inundated areas directly linked to USGS streamgage and NWS forecast information Static map library of 1 to 2 foot intervals starting at NWS flood stage and going up to (and beyond) historic flood levels Related to Minor, Moderate, and Major flood NWS classifications

19 New Approach An aerial view of inundated areas directly linked to USGS streamgage and NWS forecast information Static map library of 1 to 2 foot intervals starting at NWS flood stage and going up to (and beyond) historic flood levels Related to Minor, Moderate, and Major flood NWS classifications

20 New Approach An aerial view of inundated areas directly linked to USGS streamgage and NWS forecast information Static map library of 1 to 2 foot intervals starting at NWS flood stage and going up to (and beyond) historic flood levels Related to Minor, Moderate, and Major flood NWS classifications

21 New Approach Can change map backgrounds Change inundation layers to depth views Can zoom into map to addresslevel views

22 New Approach Can change map backgrounds Change inundation layers to depth views Can zoom into map to addresslevel views

23 New Approach Can integrate with HAZUS Level 1 and Level 2 Assessment Information Provides census and loss statistics for inundation layer scenario

24 Prototype Website for Flood Inundation Mapping and Flood Loss Assessment Flint River at Albany, Georgia

25 Requirements USGS streamgage NWS flood forecast point High-accuracy elevation data Hydrologic model Intensive quality assurance process

26 Visual Products 1. NWS AHPS pages 2. USGS reports pages 3. USGS Flex-viewer 4. USGS Risk Assessment viewer

27 BENEFITS: Federal Agencies USGS adds value to national streamgaging program NWS can provide enhanced flood forecast information USACE can assist with resources to generate mapping products near Corps projects FEMA would have pre-peak estimate of damaged area for assessment and recovery

28 BENEFITS: State Agencies State EMA can better focus state flood response & recovery resources State DOT can quickly assess potential road/bridge damage State health departments can focus resources on special populations and facilities State environmental agencies can determine where pollutant impacts may occur from infrastructure damage

29 BENEFITS: Local Agencies EMA director can focus warnings using automated technologies to get people/property out of harm s way Evacuation routes can be assessed quickly for flood access Police would know where to place barricades in advance of flood crest to block flooded roads and prevent accidents Officials would have answers quickly Public can be better educated to threat of floods

30 PHASE TWO (The Future) On-the-fly hydraulic models to fully integrate real-time streamgage data to reflect true real-time river conditions Requires sophisticated 2-D hydraulic models Requires significant computing resources Provides clear depiction of impact of flooding Pilot projects in Washington & Indiana

31 New Projects in Georgia Peachtree Creek at Atlanta (City of Atlanta) Sweetwater Creek near Austell (Cobb County) Suwanee Creek near Suwanee DeKalb or Rockdale in 2012?

32 Integrated Water Resources Science and Services (IWRSS) Tri-Agency Consortium National Weather Service U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

33 The Global Water Imperative Protect Life and Property Support Economic Security Protect Health and Environment Mitigate Escalating Risk Floods and droughts cause more U.S. economic losses than any other type of natural disaster Water has always been a critical component in the success of any economic endeavor Water is the lifeblood of this planet Triple Threat: Scarcity and floods, climate change, and aging infrastructure

34 Growing Water Issues Too Much, Too Little, Poor Quality Growing need for water resource forecasts: Population growth and economic development are stressing water supplies and increasing vulnerability A changing climate is impacting water availability and quality Socio-economic risks of floods and droughts are escalating Decision-makers in water management sectors need: Expanded/new high resolution information in space and time Quantification of uncertainty to manage risk Enhanced communication of flood risk

35 Extreme Flooding Atlanta, GA September 19-23, inches of rain in 24 hours 11 fatalities $250 Million in damages Record river flows Central New Jersey, March 12-15, inches of rain in 48 hours on top of 4-8 inches of Snow Water Equivalent $63 million in damages Rhode Island March 29-30, inches of rain in 48 hours onto saturated soils and upstream snowmelt $86 million in damages

36 Extreme Flooding Nashville, TN May 1-3, inches of rain in 48 hours 31 fatalities $2.3 billion in damages Arkansas June 11, inches of rain in 24 hours most fell in about 6 hours 20 fatalities $9 million in damages River rose 20 feet in just a few hours Oklahoma City, OK June 14, 2010 Up to 10 inches of rain in 12 hours 1 fatality $6 Million in damages

37 Extreme Flooding East Central Alaska July 10-11, inches of rain in 24 hours 1 fatality $6 million in damages Record stage at Taylor Highway Bridge Iowa and Wisconsin July 22-24, inches of rain in 24 hours $37 Million in Milwaukee area damages (media estimate) Lake Delhi Iowa dam failure (no preliminary estimate of damages available) South Texas July 2010 Tropical moisture from Hurricane Alex and TD#2 caused more than 50 inches of rain over 10 days (in Mexico, Rio Grande Basin) $70 million in damages (preliminary estimate)

38 TN-KY Floods April 30 May 4, 2010 Issue: NWS, USACE, and USGS were not able to share information and communicate in an effective manner during the peak of the event Action: Facilitate improved access to data and ensure common operating picture Issue: City officials and the public were not aware of devastating impacts until they occurred - severity and extent of inundation not communicated Action: Implement comprehensive flood forecast inundation mapping system

39 Integrated Water Resources Science and Services (IWRSS) Aligns multiple agencies with complimentary water-related missions to: integrate services and service delivery improve river and flood forecasts provide new summit-to-sea water resources forecasts Consortium will support an emerging hundred-billion dollar market in water resources management and information services. ROADMAP DOCUMENT (2009)

40 Integrated Water Resources Science and Services (IWRSS) Integrate information and streamline access Share technology, information, models, best practices Develop system interoperablity and data synchronization Create a Common Operating Picture Increase Accuracy and Timeliness of Water Information Provide new High Resolution Water Resources Information and Forecasts Streamline access to integrated Federal water resource information to better support Integrated Water Resources Management NOAA USGS USACE

41 IWRSS Implementation Themes National Water Center: Key synthesis component of IWRSS Strategy

42 42 IWRSS Status and Current Activities Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) In final draft form NOAA NWS is lead author Charter One Team on System Interoperability and Data Synchronization USGS is lead author Charter Two Team on National Flood Inundation Mapping Services USACE is the lead author; In final draft form Charter Three Team to define/validate requirements and design single portal ( Federal Toolbox ) USGS will be lead author

43 National Water Center Addressing IWRSS Objectives Combine hydrologic forecasting operations and research to fill several critical gaps: Provide new high-resolution forecasts of water resource variables to help decision makers manage increasingly limited water supply Extend river and flood forecasting to provide maps showing forecasted spatial extent and depth of flooding Integrate water resources information to provide one-stop shopping for stakeholders Establish multi-agency proving ground to leverage capabilities Establish Common Operating Picture

44 NWC Design & Construction Schedule UA Hydrology Program Design Scoping Meeting (June) Design Charrette UA (July) Design concept vetted w/ Sen. Shelby s Chief of Staff & NOAA/DOC (July/August) Design Development Completed (Spring) Design-Build Contract Awarded (Funds Obligated for Construction) (Fall) Groundbreaking (Winter) Construction Construction Completed (Fall) Programmatic Design Completed (Dec)

45 NWC Design Activities Size ~ 58,000 s.f. with staff capacity of ~ 200 Functional Elements Operations Center with Situation Rooms Geo-Intelligence Laboratory Collaborative Science and Software Engineering Studio Information Technology Laboratory Distance Learning Classroom/Auditorium IWRSS Systems Proving Ground Administrative Offices

46 A National Resource National Hydrologic Warning Council A national organization focused on providing timely, quality hydrologic information to protect lives, property, and the environment Conference is May 9-12, 2011 in San Diego Dam & Levee Safety TWG is starting up

47 The Big Finish USGS streamgages are a vital national tool for dam safety and flood preparedness Many USGS web & data delivery tools Now have the latest Flood Frequency research results available Urban hydrology is largest USGS program of its kind studying affects of land use change on hydrology and water chemistry Flood Inundation Mapping is pushing the science forward IWRSS partnership is well under way See you in San Diego at NHWC!

48 Questions? Brian McCallum (770)