Building Integrated Photovoltaics

Transcription

1 Building Integrated Photovoltaics Didier Jousse European PV Technology Platform 19 June 2012 Amsterdam

2 Content Introduction The economics of PV distributed generation Integrated systems Advanced concepts

3 Solar is part of the vision of Saint-Gobain Group World leader in the habitat and construction market, Saint-Gobain designs, manufactures and distributes building materials providing innovative solutions to today s critical challenges of growth, energy efficiency and environmental protection. THE reference in sustainable Habitat 3 3

4 Saint-Gobain Solar organization Glass for PV panels Mirrors for CSP Thin film module producer (CIGS* technology) * Copper, indium, Gallium, Selenium Design and Distribution of Solar Solutions for the building enveloppe 4

5 Content Introduction The economics of PV distributed generation Integrated systems Advanced concepts

6 What makes the cost of retail electricity cts / Kwh Germany Italy France Spain Generation costs Grid utilization Taxes Public prices Source: Gaetan Masson

7 Cost of PV electricity in Europe Hours of sun / year LCOE divided by 3 in 5 years Typical LCOE 2012 * * Total installed cost 1.8 Typical LCOE 2016 ** ** Total installed cost *, ** IRR=7%

8 Cost of PV electricity in Europe : grid and generation parity Hours of sun / year LCOE divided by 3 in 5 years Typical LCOE 2012 * * Total installed cost 1.8 Typical LCOE 2016 ** ** Total installed cost cts / Kwh Germany Italy France Spain Generation costs Grid utilization Taxes Public prices

9 Value of Full Integration of PV in the case of new building Roof costs in / m 2 Roman tiles Mechanical tiles Natural slates Material Mounting * For 150 Wp/m 2, equivalent savings in cts / Wp LCOE in BIPV 2012 ( cts/kwh) 1200h LCOE in BIPV 2016 ( cts/kwh) 1200h For new building or heavy renovation the cost of PV function decreases by 20% to 40%

10 Content Introduction The economics of PV distributed generation Integrated systems Advanced concepts

11 Saint-Gobain AVANCIS Powermax BIPV Installations Bees - Rif. La.Co.L. Cienne - Rif. Giusti Bees - Rif. Piantini Leitec HQ: 117kWp, 906 PowerMax modules, near Kassel, Germany

12 Saint-Gobain Solar BIPV Installations (France)

13 Content Introduction The economics of PV distributed generation Integrated systems Advanced concepts

14 The importance of heating has been undervalued Energy needs in Germany Small Business Industry Heating Residential Transport Hot Water Electricity + Light

15 Development of energy standards in buildings

16 First concept : use PV electricity to activate a heat pump ++ Favor self-consumption Heat storage cheaper than electrochemical Immediately available - - Subsidy competition Sales channel are different

17 kwh/month Second concept : use thermal energy from PV modules R&D Lab Results of modelling Energy / Month Solar Roof : PV + Air gap Compiegne - 9,6 kwp PV - Mono Si - FL4-66 m² kWh electric : 2 kwh thermal thermal available PV prod thermal loss

18 Second concept : use thermal energy from PV modules ++ Prevent excessive heating of integrated modules No need for dedicated thermal collectors gives more uniform integration - - PV + Water modules : norms missing PV + Air system : air heating not prevaling in EU Complexity: heat pump + smart monitoring needed to pilot heat removal in summer, heat storage in winter, and ventilation complete system approach needed Solar House by for testing new concepts

19 Long term vision for sustainable housing Local Production of energy (elec + heat) Storage and priority to selfconsumption Solar roof Autonomous or Smart-grid connected Equipments Home automation SOFC Network Storage

20 Importance of including PV in construction norms Grid parity alone may be too short Investment with too long payback No short term perceived benefits Norms are very efficient Increase of volumes Densification of clients 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Ratio of insulating glazings in Germany Simple (6 W/m²K) Double (1-3 W/m²K) Triple ( W/m²K) st «K-Wert Verordnung 3rd «K-Wert Verordnung In preparation: positive energy buildings norm

21 Courtesy Leitec Thank you very much for attention