Science Program- Atmospheric Mercury Monitoring. Why does Canada care about mercury?

Transcription

1 Environment Canada Mercury Science Program- Atmopheric Mercury Monitoring Heather Morrion, Ph.D. Pierrette Blanchard, Ph.D. Air Quality Reearch Diviion, Science and Technology Branch November 18, 2009 Why doe Canada care about mercury? Mercury i toxic to human and biota at level found in the Canadian environment. Almot every province and territory in Canada pot an annual fih conumption adviory; ~90% of the time, thi adviory i the reult of high mercury level. 1

2 What are the Canadian anthropogenic ource of mercury to the atmophere? 2006 Canadian Atmopheric Mercury Emiion Profile (5700 kg*) 3% 7% 2% 11% Electric Power Generation 36% Non-Ferrou Smelting & Refining Incineration: Indutrial, Commercial, Municipal Iron & Steel 8% 10% 23% Cement & Concrete Crematorium Wate: Landfill, Watewater, Energy from Wate Other: e.g., Aluminum, Aphalt, Chemical, Petroleum, Reidential Combution * Emiion may increae by 2,000 kg a releae from product wa not factored in original inventory. Analyi currently underway. Environment Canada, Pollution Data Branch, 2008 Clean Air Regulatory Agenda Action to reduce emiion of SOx, NOx, VOC, GHG and hazardou air pollutant including Hg. Regulation of indutrial ector will be mot ignificant activity under the CARA the CARA. Implementation require reearch, monitoring, modelling and aement. 2

3 CARA Mercury Science Program: Timeline Great Lake Regional Mercury A t Global Mercury Conference in Halifax 2011 AMAP Mercury A t Canadian Mercury A t / / / /15 CARA Hg Science Program Setting-the-baeline Define the tate-of-the- Canadian environment with repect to the tranport, fate and effect of Hg a of CARA Phae 2 (?) Continuing to et-the-baeline and monitor change CARA Phae 3 (?) Tracking-the-effectivene Dometic Regulatory Development Regulatory Implementation Pot-Implementation Goal of Phae 1: To enhance and advance on-going and pat reearch and monitoring effort to develop a coheive national decription of mercury pollution in Canada. Emiion Map Air Depoition Map Waterhed Landcape-baed Rik Map Ecological Rik Map Level / Effect Predictive Modelling Trend Time 3

4 CARA Mercury Monitoring Strategy Modelled Mercury Depoition Map from Canadian Point Source Wabamum Combination of low intenity urvey acro large region of Canada and high intenity uperite. Site in area expected to receive high mercury depoition from dometic emitter and where long-tanding, multidiciplinary mercury reearch project. 4

5 Atmopheric Mercury Meaurement Total Gaeou Mercury (TGM) or Gaeou Elemental Mercury (GEM): In-itu continuou monitor, 5 min., ~1.5 ng/m 3 Mercury in precipitation: precipitation collector, weekly ample, 5-15 ng/l. US Mercury Depoition Network or ent to Canadian laboratory. Methyl Mercury analye at ome ite. Mercury Speciation: In-itu, reearch-grade ytem, 2-3 hour. Gaeou Elemental Mercury Particulate Mercury, pg/m 3 Reactive Gaeou Mercury (RGM) or Gaeou Oxidized Mercury (GOM), pg/m 3 Reearch into methodology improvement. Importance of Mercury Dry Depoition Proce Datoor et al: Modelled Mercury Depoition Acro Canada (μg m -2 y -1 ). 5

6 r R&D: Modelling Dry Depoition of Atmopheric Mercury ity, cm/ RGM Dry Depoition Veloci e e af af e af b b Zhang et al. Atmopheric Environment, 2009 e ar wate ice inland lake evergreen needlelea evergreen broadleaf tree deciduou needlelea deciduou broadleaf tree tropical broadleaf tree drought deciduou tree evergreen broadlea deciduou hrub thorn hrub hort gra and forb long gra crop rice uga maize cotton irrigated crop urba tundra wamp Deer t e n n a p rt mixed wood foret Tranitional fore Whole Ecoytem Total Depoition: Vince St. Loui and Jenny Graydon (U. of Alberta) Photoreduction Stomatal uptake Hg(0) Hg Hg Hg Hg Wet depoition Retention in the canopy Dry depoition onto canopy phg, RGM, MeHg Throughfall depoition Litterfall depoition The foret canopy can reult in up to 8 time more Hg being depoited to the waterhed than to open area 6

7 R&D: New Method for Mercury Speciation, Paria Ariya et al. (McGill Univerity) Gold Nanoparticle Microextraction of RGM: Gold preconcentrate t RGM through adorption and amalgamation Nanoparticle have high urface area, can be placed on portable fiber, filter and other urface. Microextraction expoe air tream to mall quantity of nanoparticle Atmopheric Preure Chemical Ionization Tandem Ma Spectrometry ued to detect mercury pecie. Collaboration with NADP-MDN-AMNet CAPMoN ite part of MDN. Intercomparion ite. Canadian cientit participate in the development of SOP and QA/QC protocol ued for both Canadian and US NADP-AMNet ite. Speciation data QC intercomparion: Compare data quality control handling method between NADP program and EC RDMQ module. Year-long data et from ite have been exchanged with NADP 7

8 Future Activitie Northern Hemipheric Tranport & Sink Tran-Pacific Tranport Northern Contaminant Program & ArcticNet Limited Activitie CARA Hg Program Continue CARA Mercury Science Program Expand program to wet to track the influx of mercury from Aia 8