Campus Water: Consumption and Conservation

Transcription

1 Campus Water: Consumption and Conservation Town Hall

2 Agenda State and local challenges: supply, demand and regulations Campus consumption trends Utility plant usage Domestic usage Irrigation usage Water Conservation Resource Fair 11am 1pm Glanville Courtyard Conservation options 2

3 Outcomes Increased awareness Understand how Caltech is responding to State and local regulations? What additional actions should be taken in response to this challenge? Be vigilant report issues & suggestions comments/suggestions: 3 report leaks/maintenance issues: access.caltech.edu (Facilities Service Request)

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5 Statewide Annual Water Use Urban (9 MAF) domestic uses (2.8) irrigation (3.8) industrial & commercial (2.4) all other crops (~7) 6.6 MAF focus of current state restrictions 80 million acre feet (MAF) Agriculture (34 MAF) Other Environmental (14 MAF) lettuce (1.3) grapes (1.6) corn (1.7) fruit (2) almonds (2.1) cotton (2.3) rice (2.7) pasture (3.3) alfalfa (5.3) recreational rivers (7.2) Sacramento Delta (5.6) MAF Pasadena MAF Caltech wetlands (1.6) Wild Rivers (23 MAF) 1 acre foot = 325,853 gallons (approximate capacity of the Braun pool) 5 Adapted from S. Alexander

6 Pasadena Water Sources Raymond Basin 1 MAF Capacity 2014 Sources Water delivery from the Sate Water Project (historically 20%) is currently restricted 40% local groundwater & surface diversions 60% Colorado River Aqueduct from MWD 6 Arroyo Seco Eaton Canyon Caltech = 2% of Pasadena water consumption

7 Regulatory Timeline 1 April 5 May 1 June Governor issues Executive Order B mandates 25% reduction in potable urban water use statewide with a focus on potable water use in residential irrigation State Water Resources Control Board adopts mandatory water conservation regulations required PWP to reduce potable urban water use by 28% from 2013 baseline Pasadena Water & Power implements local water use restrictions to achieve 28% reduction Level 2 water restrictions + additional measures are currently inforce? Additional restrictions may be implemented based on progress toward 28% goal 7

8 Pasadena Water Shortage Levels Water Shortage Level Description Implementation Year Level 1 summer irrigation: winter irrigation: leak repair: 3 days/week 1 day/week 72 hrs July 2014 summer irrigation: 2 days/week Level 2 winter irrigation: leak repair: 1 day/week 48 hrs June 2015 ornamental ponds: empty Level 3 summer irrigation: winter irrigation: leak repair: ornamental ponds: 1 days/week 1 day/week 36 hrs empty August 2015 (if 15% reduction not achieved by 31 July) summer irrigation: no irrigation winter irrigation: no irrigation Level 4 leak repair: ornamental ponds: 24 hrs empty unknown pools: empty water service: no new service 8

9 Current Pasadena Restrictions Outdoor watering 2 days per week on Tuesday and Saturday (exemptions: drip irrigation systems or systems emitting less than 2 gals/hr) No water outdoors between 9am 6pm except with hose with shutoff nozzle No watering during rain and 48 hours after rain No excessive water flow onto pavement or gutters No washing down paved surfaces unless for safety and sanitation No washing vehicles except with hose with shutoff nozzle No filling of ornamental fountains, lakes or ponds Leaks must be repaired within 48 hours of receiving a notice from PWP Restaurants may not serve drinking water unless by patron s request Restaurants must use water saving dish spray valves Hotels must give guest the option to decline daily linen changes No installation of single pass cooling systems All master-metered multifamily properties must install low-flow showerheads and aerators 9

10 Residential Gallons per Capita Day (R-GPCD) State Water Resources Control Board Appropriate Indoor Water Use: 55 R-GPCD Region R-GPCD & % Reduction: Los Angeles 91 16% Glendale % South Pasadena % Altadena % Pasadena % San Marino % Sierra Madre % Arcadia % La Canada % 10

11 Campus Consumption Trends 200,000,000 gallons could cover the campus in 5 feet of water gallons (millions) central & satellite plants building domestic irrigation 37% 2014 water cost: $1.1M $5.80/1,000 gals fiscal year

12 2014 Campus Usage 200M gallons * building cooling + power generation *blowdown is the discharge of water with high mineral concentration to control water chemistry 12

13 Domestic Usage Administration & Auxiliaries Plumbing fixtures Kitchen appliances Student housing Gymnasiums Water features Laboratories Lab equipment Research water (DI/RO) Single pass cooling Cage washers Drain quench Space Cooling / Water Nexus Typical office (130 sqft) 1ᵒ 390 gals/yr 1ᵒ Typical lab (400 sqft) 7600 gals/yr 13

14 LEED* Buildings 10% of campus sqft (9 buildings) 30% more water efficient than code Installed recycled water infrastructure (purple pipe) Climate adapted landscape Storm water management L+R: 40,000 gal cistern for irrigation 14 *Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design

15 15 Campus Water Features Water Feature Capacity (gallons) Empty Notes Braun pool 371,300 recirculating, filter backflush Alumni pool 253,100 recirculating, filter backflush Millikan reflecting pool 40,000 Y recirculating Throop pond 34,100 recirculating, biological habitat Beckman Behavior Biology pond 22,400 non-recirculating, biological habitat Beckman Institute gene pool 20,000 Y recirculating Baxter pond 16,700 non-recirculating, biological habitat Watson Lab fountain 13,500 Y recirculating Beckman Auditorium fountains 2,000 Y non-recirculating, fill & drain for events Athletics spa 1,500 recirculating, filter backflush SUG courtyard fountain 600 Y recirculating, currently empty Linde+Robinson California Blvd fountain 600 recirculating, recycled water from cistern Linde+Robinson Perception fountain 500 Y recirculating Beckman Institute courtyard fountain 500 Y recirculating Moore Lab fountains 300 Y recirculating Parsons Gates, Dabney, 415 S. Hill, Athenaeum 200 Y recirculating Total 777,300 Water Use: 1 square foot of pool/pond = 1 square foot of lawn (California Urban Water Conservation Council)

16 Landscape Irrigation - Perception vs Arizona State University Princeton University 16

17 17 Landscape Irrigation - Perception

18 Land Use Portfolio uc verde buffalo (Annenberg) fescue (Olive Walk) 26% high water use turf bermuda (Beckman Institute lawn) 74% low water use turf 5% vegetated (non turf) high water use turf = 20gal/sf/yr 39% hardscape 22% building footprint 125 acres 34% turf cover low water use turf = 15gal/sf/yr 18

19 2900 trees on campus Campus Trees 570 (20%) require regular watering: Coast redwoods, Chinese elm, Tipuana, Magnolias, Ficus, Mexican fan palm 158 Redwoods 5 dead, to be removed (Catalina, Braun, Steele, Watson) Conservation Actions Mulching Supplemental watering Application of fertilizer and fungicides 19

20 Utility Plant Conservation Options Central Plant cooling towers Automated water chemistry control & testing (pilot underway) Industrial waste water treatment & recycling (reuse in plant or for irrigation) Cooling tower improvements (efficiency upgrades) DI/RO system replacement & upgrade Steam condensate return (upgrade in progress) Campus chilled water loop (reduce tower load through interconnection) Campus repowering (reassess generation & utility system) 20

21 Domestic Conservation Options Empty campus water features (excluding ponds with biota) Change temperature set points (1ᵒ = 3-19 gals/sqft/yr) Fixture replacement (expand retrofit program) Building Condensate capture (new reclaimed water system) Grey water treatment & reuse (on-site treatment & storage) Lab single pass cooling (chilled water NESLAB upgrade) 21

22 Irrigation Conservation Options Stop non-essential irrigation (tree preservation required) Landscape conversion (expedite per landscape master plan) Athletic turf replacement (improved playability) 22

23 Water Conservation Projects Project Timing Relative Cost Relative Water Savings Empty campus water features Immediate Change temperature set-points 1ᵒ F Immediate Automated water chemistry control & testing Immediate Eliminate non-essential turf irrigation Immediate / Acre / Acre Cover athletic pools Short-term Replace lab single pass cooling Short-term Fixture replacement Short-term Turf conversion Short-term / Acre / Acre Pool filter water treatment and recycling Medium-term Cooling tower improvements Medium-term DI/RO system upgrades Medium-term Athletic turf replacement Medium-term Building condensate capture Long-term Industrial waste water treatment & recycling Long-term Grey water treatment & reuse Long-term Steam condensate return Long-term Campus chilled water loop Long-term Campus repowering Long-term < $250K $250K - $1M $1M - $5M > $5M < 50K Gallons/Year 50K - 1M G/Y 1M - 5M G/Y > 5M G/Y

24 Discussion sustainability.caltech.edu 24

25 Turf Valuation 6 acres of turf eliminated since

26 Braun Pool Renovation 26

27 Campus Pilot Projects CoolPlanet biochar soil amendment 27 SkyWell atmospheric water generator