ASEAN Smart Grid Congress 2. Mounting Configuration Factor for Building Integrated Photovoltaic and Retrofitted Grid-connected Photovoltaic System

Transcription

1 Mounting Configuration Factor for Building Integrated Photovoltaic and Retrofitted Grid-connected Photovoltaic System Authors: Noorfarhana Mat Yusoff Dr Nor Zaini Ikrom Zakaria Dr Sulaiman Shaari Dr Hedzlin Zainuddin Universiti Teknologi Mara, Malaysia

2 Presentation outline 1. Introduction 2. Problem Statement 3. Objective 4. Methodology 5. Results and Discussion 6. Conclusion 8 th November 2016 Asean Smart Grid Congress 2, 2

3 Introduction 1. Photovoltaic (PV) is a technology that converts light energy directly into electrical energy. 2. Factors affecting electrical output : Heat (mounting and air gap) Light (solar irradiance and shading) Other factors (dirt and aging) 8 th November 2016 Asean Smart Grid Congress 2, 3

4 Introduction 3. Types of mounting configuration Free standing Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) Retrofitted Asean Smart Grid Congress 2, 8 th November

5 Introduction 4. Problems for retrofitted Air gap between the PV array and the roof surface. Heat buildup between PV array and roofing material. The temperature of roofing material can also directly affect the operating temperature of the modules. 5. BIPV might have same problem as retrofitted due to limited ventilation 8 th November 2016 Asean Smart Grid Congress 2, 5

6 Introduction 6. Modelling on PV module temperature (T c ) Two categories: Analytical Empirical Ambient environment Ambient temperature Solar irradiance Wind speed Relative humidity Built environment Mounting configuration Type of roof material Air gap 8 th November 2016 Asean Smart Grid Congress 2, 6

7 Problem Statement 1. Many existing studies (empirical modelling) only considered ambient environmental factors. 2. Some studies related the immediate built environment of the installation on the temperature of the PV module. Objective 1. To compare the temperature difference of PV modules for retrofitted and BIPV system. 2. To determine the mounting configuration factor for retrofitted and BIPV system. 8 th November 2016 Asean Smart Grid Congress 2, 7

8 Methodology START CONSTRUCT DATABASE COMPILING DATA CRITERIA SELECTION PROCESSING DATA ANALYSIS OF RESULT CHOOSE SYSTEM CONCLUSION END 8 th November 2016 Asean Smart Grid Congress 2, 8

9 System Capacity (kw) Inclination Methodology System Specification Mounting configuration Duration of data (days) B3_ BIPV 7 B3_ BIPV 7 B3_ BIPV 8 B3_ BIPV 7 R3_ Retrofitted 7 R3_ Retrofitted 7 R3_ Retrofitted 6 R3_ Retrofitted 7 Retrofitted system mounted on metal roof. PV modules polycrystalline technology. B refers to BIPV R refers to retrofitted Only system greater or equal than 72 kw but less or equal than 425 kw were chosen under SEDA catogerios referring to Part 3. 8 th November 2016 Asean Smart Grid Congress 2, 9

10 Temperature Difference, T Results and Discussions Average Temperature Difference for BIPV System Bins Temperature Difference ( T) ( C) (±50 Wm -2 ) B3_01 B3_02 B3_03 B3_ Average Temperature Difference for Retrofitted System Bins Temperature Difference ( T) ( C) (±50 Wm -2 ) R3_01 R3_02 R3_03 R3_ T is obtained by T = T cell - T amb T increases with G 8 th November 2016 Asean Smart Grid Congress 2, 10

11 System Average Average Pac_mea Pac_exp (kw) (kw) B3_ B3_ B3_ B3_ R3_ R3_ R3_ R3_ Results and Discussions Mounting Configuration Factor P ac_mea Pac_exp Mounting configuration factor (f m ) f m = P ac_mea Pac_exp To eliminate the effect of capacity f m for BIPV higher than the retrofitted system due to different thermal impact experience by different mounting type 8 th November 2016 Asean Smart Grid Congress 2, 11

12 Results and Discussions The modified AC expected power, P ac_exp_corr is given by: P ac_exp_corr = P mp_stc f g f p_tem f age f dirt f mm η inv η pv_inv f m 8 th November 2016 Asean Smart Grid Congress 2, 12

13 Conclusions 1. Temperature difference (ΔT) ΔT for BIPV : C C ΔT for retrofitted : C C 2. Mounting configuration factor (f m ) dimensionless f m for BIPV : f m for retrofitted : th November 2016 Asean Smart Grid Congress 2, 13

14 Thank you for your attention 8 th November 2016 Asean Smart Grid Congress 2, 14