Coherent and integrated Implementation of the SDGs/Agenda 2063

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1 Coherent and integrated Implementation of the SDGs/Agenda 2063 BARTHOLOMEW ARMAH PHD CHIEF, RENEWAL OF PLANNING MACROECONOMIC POLICY DIVISION ECA

2 Coherence at the level of plan design Coherence at the level of plan implementation Coherence at the level of follow-up Outline

3 Issues at the level of plan design Exploiting synergies across global and regional development frameworks Developing tools to facilitate coherent integration of multiple development frameworks Advocacy and awareness raising

4 Exploiting synergies the African context The Common African Position developed on the basis of extensive consultations coordinated by ECA, AUC, UNDP and AfDB ensured that the SDGs reflects key aspirations and priorities of African countries CAP also informed the priorities of Agenda 2063, Africa s regional development framework As a result Agenda 2030 and Agenda 2063 share common priorities The Istanbul Program of Action also shares commonalities with Agenda 2063 and Agenda 2030

5 Eight priority areas for IPoA All the eight priority areas for the IPoA are mapped to both the Agenda 2063 and SDGs. Agenda 2063 SDGs Areas of Convergence A. Productive capacity Goal 1, 4, 6, 7 & 10 SDG 2, 7, 8, 9 & 17 Productive employment, ICT development, Sustainable energy, Industrialization B. Agriculture, food security and rural development Goal 1, 4, 5 & 7 SDG 1, 2, 6, 9 & 12 Eradicating poverty and hunger, Infrastructure development C. Trade Goal 4, 5, 8 & 19 SDG 2 & 17 Improving export competitiveness D. Commodities Goal 4 & 8 SDG 2, 8 & 9 Economic diversification E. Human and social development E1. Education and Training Goal 1, 2 & 17 SDG 4, 5 & 8 Equitable education E2. Population and Primary Health Goal 3 SDG 2, 3 & 5 Health services E3. Youth development Goal 5 & 18 SDG 4, 8 & 10 Youth employment, Training E4. Shelter and Water Sanitation Goal 1 SDG 11 Livable habitats E5. Gender Equality and Empowerment of Women Goal 17 SDG 5 Gender equality E6. Social protection Goal 1 SDG 1, 5, 8 & 10 Social protection F. Multiple crises and other emerging challenges Goal 5 & 7 SDG 1, 2, 13 & 15 Climate change adaptation, Disaster risk reduction, Biodiversity conservation G. Mobilizing financial resources for development and capacity-building Goal 12, 16 & 20 SDG 10, 16 & 17 Resource mobilization and financing for development, Reducing corruption H. Good governance at all levels Goal 11 & 12 SDG 16 Governance

6 Eight priority areas for IPoA Towards an integrated approach to the implementation of the IPoA All the eight priority areas for the IPoA are mapped to both the Agenda 2063 and SDGs. Agenda 2063 SDGs Areas of Convergence A. Productive capacity Goal 1, 4, 6, 7 & 10 SDG 2, 7, 8, 9 & 17 Productive employment, ICT development, Sustainable energy, Industrialization B. Agriculture, food security and rural development Goal 1, 4, 5 & 7 SDG 1, 2, 6, 9 & 12 Eradicating poverty and hunger, Infrastructure development C. Trade Goal 4, 5, 8 & 19 SDG 2 & 17 Improving export competitiveness D. Commodities Goal 4 & 8 SDG 2, 8 & 9 Economic diversification E. Human and social development E1. Education and Training Goal 1, 2 & 17 SDG 4, 5 & 8 Equitable education E2. Population and Primary Health Goal 3 SDG 2, 3 & 5 Health services E3. Youth development Goal 5 & 18 SDG 4, 8 & 10 Youth employment, Training E4. Shelter and Water Sanitation Goal 1 SDG 11 Livable habitats E5. Gender Equality and Empowerment of Women Goal 17 SDG 5 Gender equality E6. Social protection Goal 1 SDG 1, 5, 8 & 10 Social protection F. Multiple crises and other emerging challenges Goal 5 & 7 SDG 1, 2, 13 & 15 Climate change adaptation, Disaster risk reduction, Biodiversity conservation G. Mobilizing financial resources for development and capacity-building Goal 12, 16 & 20 SDG 10, 16 & 17 Resource mobilization and financing for development, Reducing corruption H. Good governance at all levels Goal 11 & 12 SDG 16 Governance

7 Towards an integrated approach to the implementation of the IPoA: Perspectives from African and Arab LDCs The four goals, including establishment of continental financial and monetary institutions and peace and security (Agenda 2063) and sustainable oceans, seas and marine resources (SDGs) are not covered by the IPoA. Areas of Divergence Agenda 2063 Four Agenda 2063 Goals are not matched with any of the eight priority areas for IPoA: SDGs One SDG Goal is not matched with any of the eight priority areas for IPoA: Goal 9: Key Continental Financial and Monetary Institutions established and functional Goal 13: Peace, Security and Stability are Preserved Goal 14: A Stable and Peaceful Africa Goal 15: A Fully Functional and Operational African Peace and Security Architecture SDG 14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development

8 SDGs versus Continental priorities SDGs Strongly matched with Agenda 2063 Weakly matched with Agenda 2063 Total Number of Goals No association Percentage of Goals Number of Targets Percentage Targets Number of Indicators Percent of Indicators of

9 SDGs and 2063 closely overlap on poverty, gender energy and governance goals SDG Goal % of matching SDG Targets Goal Description Goal End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture Goal Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls Goal Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all Goal Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels

10 SDG Goal But convergence is lower on environment goals % of matching SDG Targets Goal Description Goal Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development Goal Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss Goal Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts Goal Reduce inequality among and within countries

11 Energy synergies between SDGs and A-2063 SDG Energy Goal SDG Energy Target Agenda 2063 Target Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all By 2030, ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services Access and use of electricity and internet is increased by at least 50% of 2013 levels by Reduce proportion of fossil fuel in total energy production by at least 20% by 2023 Increase electricity generation and distribution by at least 50% by 2020

12 Energy synergies between SDGs and A-2063 SDG Energy Goal SDG Energy Target Agenda 2063 Target Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all 7.2. By 2030, increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix 7.3. By 2030, double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency Increase the efficiency in energy usage by households by at least 30% At least 10% of renewable energy sources is from wave energy. Reduce proportion of fossil fuel in total energy production by at least 20% Increase the efficiency in energy usage by households by at least 30%

13 Paris reinforces the SDGs Agenda 2030 Goal Paris Agreement (Article) Goal 7: Ensure access to affordable reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all Goal 8. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all Article 2: hold global temp to 2/1.5 degrees above pre-industrial levels; adapt to adverse effects of climate change w/out threatening food production. Article 10: Technology transfer Article 2: hold global temp to 2/1.5 degrees; adapt to adverse effects of climate change w/out threatening food production; make finance flows consistent with low GHG emissions. Article 8: avert and minimize loss and damage associated with adverse effects of climate change Article 10: Technology transfer

14 SDGs & A-2063 land Targets complementary SDG Goal 1 SDG Target A-2063 Target Eliminate poverty in all its forms everywher e Target 1.4 By 2030, ensure that all men and women, in particular the poor and the vulnerable, have equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to basic services, ownership and control over land and other forms of property, inheritance, natural resources, appropriate new technology and financial services, including microfinance; Indicator At least 20% of women in rural areas have access to and control productive assets, including land and grants, credit, inputs, financial service and information 14

15 A more challenging context for transformation in Africa Africa s transformation must meet the litmus test of economic, social and environmental sustainability Can this be achieved simultaneously or should it be sequenced? What if any are the tradeoffs? Will environmental considerations, for instance, undermine growth and or social inclusion (e.g., fiscal costs of cutbacks in crude oil production) and hence constrain structural transformation? Evidence-based policymaking helps policymakers evaluate the tradeoffs and or synergies before hand. But policy simulation tools require data.

16 THREE HYPOTHETICAL MODELS Model I: implementation prioritizes economic indicators SOC Model II: implementation prioritizes social indicators ECON Model III: implementation prioritizes environmental indicators SOC ECON ST SOC ST ENV ST ENV ENV ECON

17 Growth and environmental degradation: Trade-offs CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS AND PER CAPITA GDP GROWTH TRENDS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS AND PER CAPITA GDP GROWTH TRENDS GLOBALLY Growth in CO2 emissions (metric tonnes per capita) Growth in CO2 emissions (metric tonnes per capita) GDP per capita growth (annual %) GDP per capita growth (annual %) 17

18 Why we need integrated approaches: The case of China GINI index (World Bank estimate) Poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population) GDP per capita growth (annual %) Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990)

19 Poverty and inequality tradeoffs CHINA INDONESIA Poverty Headcount Poverty gap Gini Poverty Headcount Poverty Gap Gini

20 An integrated approach to the Follow-up process

21 NO OF COUNTRIES No of countries and data availability for indicators in each SDG( ) Africa GOALS 10% or less DPs Between10%and 30% DPs Between30%and 50% DPs above 50%DPs

22 SDG Goal No of countries that have data available (Data Points/DPs) Between 10% and 30% Between 30% and 50% 10% or less DPs Data Points Data Points above 50%DPs

23 Follow-up: challenges and opportunities Successful implementation of Agenda 2063 and the SDGs require baseline data and reliable disaggregated data Coherent and integrated monitoring requires an integrated results framework that brings together the two Agendas A draft regional results framework has been developed by AU in collaboration with ECA; this is an important first step for regional reporting The African Regional Forum on Sustainable development serves as a platform for annual reporting and follow-up on both Agendas Participation of Statisticians at this forum is vital 23

24 Regional indicators for integrated follow-up - In total 200 SDG indicators have been selected by ECA for regional monitoring. - Of the total 200 indicators 63 of them are Tier III indicators where there is no methodology developed so far.. - For monitoring Agenda 2063, 81 indicators have been selected during the ASSD Tunis meeting held in November There are 32 Agenda 2063 indicators that have a match in the regional indicators set proposed by ECA. - Therefore there are 249 indicators proposed for regional monitoring of both Agendas - If Tier III indicators are excluded from the list, there will be 186 indicators which could be used for regional monitoring of both agendas.

25 Follow-up: challenges and opportunities The outcomes of the AFRSD feed into the High Level Political Forum in NY hence member States can use that platform to highlight challenges, opportunities and lessons in the implementation of both agendas African countries that wish to make voluntary presentations at the HLPF are encouraged to use that platform to further strengthen their presentations 25