Mayor s Air Quality Strategy

Transcription

1 Mayor s Air Quality Strategy Sarah Legge Senior Policy Adviser - Air Quality Presentation to Citeair Conference 11 March 2005

2 Air Pollution Air pollution is estimated to bring forward 1,600 deaths and cause another 1,500 hospital admissions every year in London.

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4 The Mayor s Strategies The Greater London Authority Act requires the Mayor to prepare strategies for Transport Economic development Biodiversity Air quality Culture Spatial development Municipal waste management Ambient noise Energy

5 A hierarchy of strategies EU Directives National Air Quality Strategy The Mayor s Air Quality Strategy for London Local Air Quality Management

6 Air Quality Strategy for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland fine particles nitrogen dioxide sulphur dioxide carbon monoxide lead benzene 1,3-butadiene ozone polyaromatic hydrocarbons

7 Air quality in London in 2005 NO 2 Above target Below target

8 Where does the pollution come Primary from? Sources Nitrogen dioxide Fine particles Road transport Rail, aviation, ships Regulated industrial processes Gas use in commercial and residential buildings Gas use in non-regulated industrial facilities Other Note: Height of emission Secondary NO x :NO 2 relationship

9 Mayor s Air Quality Strategy The Strategy focuses on road traffic, as the largest source of pollution in London. - Traffic reduction, through the Mayor s Transport Strategy and London Plan Cleaner Vehicles (eg retrofitting, alternative fuels) It also considers emissions from airports, gas use, boilers, industry and construction and the use of EMS, environmental reporting and procurement to improve air quality.

10 Implementation Mechanisms The Mayor s Air Quality Strategy uses various mechanisms, including regulation encouragement incentivisation raising issues that London cannot affect with UK Government and EU Partnership working is an essential part of Strategy implementation

11 The Mayor Leading by Example London has the cleanest bus fleet in UK and trialling hydrogen fuel cell, SCR, EGR and diesel-hybrid buses Mayor s Taxi Emissions Strategy requires all 20,000 black cabs to meet Euro III by end The Mayor is using his planning powers to reduce emissions from large developments

12 Citaro fuel cell bus - 1 of 3 in operation in London

13 Working with the boroughs The boroughs are required to include the MAQS priority measures in their: Air Quality Action Plans (which address how the borough s will reduce areas where the limit values are exceeded) Planning system Transport work Waste work

14 Lobbying UK Government National measures, including Imported PM 10 in London availability of cleaner fuels use of rail and water freight coherent fiscal support for cleaner transport options support for the implementation of LEZ

15 Lobbying EU Issues include: Improving Euro vehicle emission standards (lack of progress emissions under urban conditions) Reducing imported PM10 Reducing aircraft emissions

16 London specific issues In central London, NO 2 concentration reductions are limited by the NO and NO 2 reactions London has large concentrations of imported secondary PM 10. Each city is different, and other cities may gain more benefit from the measures in the MAQS.

17 Low Emission Zone (LEZ) The MAQS included a proposal to consider the feasibility of introducing a LEZ in London, which would exclude vehicles which fail to meet a specified emission standard Partnership of the Mayor, TfL, boroughs and ALG, Government and their agencies, NGOs Feasibility Study published in July 2003

18 London LEZ options Area Central London Inner London Greater London Up to the M25 Heathrow Outer London town centres Vehicles Lorries London Buses Coaches Vans Licensed taxis Private hire cars Start date Emission criteria Euro 1 Euro 2 Euro 3 Euro 4 RPC Operation and enforcement Manual Automatic Recommended London Low Emission Zone options

19 Predicted Reductions in emissions and exceedence area Lorries Lorries Lorries, and buses and buses buses, vans and taxis Reduction in emissions (relative to baseline) NO X 1.5% 2.7% 3.8% PM 10 9% 19% 23% Reduction in area exceeding targets (relative to baseline) NO 2 4.7% 12% 18.9% PM 10 0% 32.6% 42.9% London should meet the target for PM 10 in 2005 but the target for 2010 is more stringent

20 LEZ Feasibility Study Conclusions Even most ambitious LEZ not meet National and EU NO 2 or PM 10 targets However, it is the most effective and cost effective measure yet identified

21 LEZ Feasibility Study Recommendations Cover whole of London 1600km 2 Aimed at larger vehicles lorries, buses, coaches, taxis and vans (not cars) Phased approach Could not be implemented before late Could be tightened around 2010 Need to give operators enough time to respond

22 What next? The Mayor wants a London LEZ in operation for lorries, buses, coaches and taxis by 2007 We are now working towards this, with further work on implementation issues, including: Exact emission standards and timing Method of operation Accreditation of cleaner transport options The proposed details are likely to be announced in June 2005.

23 Further Information Mayor s Air Quality Strategy available at London LEZ Feasibility Study available at Sarah Legge sarah.legge@london.gov.uk +44 (0)