POLICY TRAILS LIGHTING

Transcription

1 POLICY TRAILS LIGHTING Policy C7002 Adopted by Council: Administrative Responsibility: Planning and Development Council Resolution #: COU17-68 Last Review Date: Modified by Resolution #: Next Review Date: Replaces: 1.0 POLICY The Town of Banff will provide trail lighting where it will enhance pedestrian and cyclist safety, encourage increased use of trails, and enhance the resident and visitor experience, while respecting the environmental, social and economic objectives of the Banff Community Plan. Trail lighting is designed to provide users with a visible means of navigating trails and public environments. It is understood that trail lighting can promote increased public use and enjoyment of trails, and reduce the risks associated with nighttime use of trails. Trail lighting is not intended to replace other nighttime routes such as local roads and sidewalks. It is the intention that Town trail lighting remain noticeably different than street and road rights-of-way lighting. 2.0 PURPOSE This policy is established to address lighting of trails within the Town of Banff. This policy identifies the type of trails within Banff that may be considered for lighting, and the types and amount of light that is desired along trails. This policy establishes standards for the design, provision, performance and maintenance of trail lighting within the Town of Banff. This policy is intended as a companion document to the Town of Banff Street Lighting Policy. The goals of this document are the following: establish a framework for trail lighting projects; and, identify trail lighting options that: o enhance resident and visitor safety; o promote trail use; o are energy efficient; and, o minimize the impact of lighting on the nighttime environment. 3.0 DEFINITIONS Bulb or lamp: The source of electric light to be distinguished from the whole assembly (see luminaire). Lamp often is used to denote the bulb and its housing. Colour rendering: Effect of a light source on the colour appearance of objects in comparison with their colour appearance under normal daylighting. CRI (colour rendering index): A quantitative comparison of the rendering of eight standard colours under a standard lamp and under the lamp being tested. A standard incandescent lamp has a CRI of 100.

2 Page 2 of 5 Efficiency: A measure of the effective or useful output of a system compared to the input of the system. Energy (radiant energy): The quantity of electromagnetic waves. Unit is joule and may be represented relative to time in kwh. Fixture: The assembly that holds the lamp in a lighting system. It includes the elements designed to give light output control, such as a reflector (mirror) or refractor (lens), the ballast, housing, and the attachment parts. Flux (luminous flux): The measure of the perceived power of light. Unit is lumen (lm). Flux (radiant flux): The measure of the total power of light. Unit is watts (W). Full-cut-off fixture: A fixture with a narrow spread of light, allowing no light emission above a horizontal plane through the fixture and where the intensity at 80 degrees from nadir is no greater than 100 candela per 1000 lamp lumens. This applies to all lateral angles around the luminaire. Glare: The sensation produced by a bright source within the visual field that is sufficiently brighter than the level to which the eyes are adapted to cause annoyance, discomfort or loss in visual performance and visibility; blinding light. The magnitude of glare depends on such factors as the size, position, brightness and the source, and on the brightness level to which the eyes are adapted. Objects near a source of glare are difficult to see. Horizontal illuminance: Average quantity of light that reaches a horizontal surface; measured or calculated at ground level. Illuminance: The amount of light falling onto a unit area of surface (luminous flux per unit area) measured in lumens per square metre (lux) or lumens per square foot (footcandles). Incandescent lamp: Light is produced by a filament heated to a high temperature by electric current. Light-Emitting Diode (LED): semiconductor device that emits visible light when an electric current passes through it. Light pollution: Any adverse effect of manmade light. Often used to denote urban sky glow. Light trespass: Illumination that extends beyond the boundaries of the lot on which the luminaire is located, including light projecting where it is not wanted or needed. Spill light. Obtrusive light. Low-Pressure Sodium (LPS) lamp: A discharge lamp where the light is produced by radiation from sodium vapor at a relatively low partial pressure (about torr). LPS is a "tube source". It is monochromatic light. Lumen: Unit of luminous flux; the flux emitted within solid angle by a point source with a uniform luminous intensity of one candela. One footcandle is one lumen per square foot. One lux is one lumen per square meter. Luminaire: The complete lighting assembly including the lamp (bulb), housing, reflectors, lenses and shields, ballast (if any), less the support assembly (pole or mounting bracket).

3 Page 3 of 5 Luminance: At a point and in a given direction, the luminous intensity in the given direction produced by an element off the surface surrounding the point divided by the area of the projection of the element on a plane perpendicular to the given direction. Units: candelas per unit area. Luminous Efficacy: The product of how efficiently energy is converted to electromagnetic radiation and how well the emitted radiation is detected by the human eye. The ratio of luminous flux to power (lm/w). Efficient lamps produce a high ratio of lumens per watt of energy use. Lux: One lumen per square meter. Unit of illuminance. It is the luminous flux per unit area in the metric system. One lux equals approximately 0.1 (0.093) footcandles. Non-cut-off: A light fixture creating a very wide spread of light, emitted in all directions. Sky Glow: The brightening of the night sky resulting from the scattering of artificial, man-made visible radiation in the constituents of the atmosphere. Visibility: Being perceived by the eye. Seeing effectively. The goal of night lighting. 4.0 SCOPE This policy applies to all trails located within the Town of Banff. 5.0 RESPONSIBILITIES 5.1 The Town Manager is responsible for the overall implementation of this policy. 5.2 The Directors of Engineering and Planning and Development are responsible for the review and approval of proposals for the design and construction of trail lighting in accordance with the Land Use Bylaw, the Street Lighting Policy and this policy. 5.3 Department Directors are responsible for: a) Ensuring that trail lighting infrastructure is planned and designed in accordance with this policy; b) Ensuring that corporate standards are adhered to for new equipment purchases; c) Coordinating the administration and continuous review of the Town s use of trail lighting infrastructure to ensure the Town is acquiring and operating the most costeffective and highest-performance lighting equipment. 5.4 The Directors of Engineering and Planning and Development may vary or the waive the requirements of the policy under the following circumstances: a) When a design situation, issue or circumstance is not addressed in this policy; b) When special local circumstances affecting safety, security, light pollution, or aesthetic and heritage considerations require a departure from the policy; and, c) When cost considerations prevent full implementation of the standards, once lifetime costs and performance are taken into consideration. 5.5 When a variance or exception has been approved in accordance with Section 5.4, every effort will still be made to minimize energy consumption, glare and light trespass that adversely affects pedestrians, cyclists and the enjoyment of property.

4 Page 4 of STANDARDS 6.1 Trail Classification a) Off-street trails within the Town of Banff have been classified into three types, as outlined in Table 2. Appendix A depicts the location and classification of multi-use primary, multi-use secondary and neighbourhood trails. A full description of the characteristics of various trail types is found in the Trails Master Plan (2015). Table 2 Off-Street Trail Classification Off-Street Trail Type Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Multi-use Primary Multi-use Secondary Neighbourhood Function Primary visitor experience trails Secondary visitor experience and commuter routes Connector trails enabling ease of movement within neighbourhoods Description Wide, paved or gravel, 2- way trail, accessible for all users Medium width, compacted gravel, 2-way trail, mostly accessible Compacted gravel or natural surface trails Width 1 Generally 3-4 m; minimum 2.4 m 2-3 m m 1. As indicated in Appendix A, some trail segments are narrower than the specified width for this trail type, but otherwise fit all other criteria for this trail type. 6.2 Evaluation Criteria for Acceptable Trail Lighting Locations Trails to be considered for lighting shall be identified as a Type 1 or Type 2 multi-use trail or serve as a commuter route between public spaces or facilities that are already lit. Appendix B depicts trails that meet the evaluation criteria to be considered as acceptable locations for which trail lighting projects could be brought forward to council for consideration. 6.3 Lighting Equipment Design and Performance Requirements a) Lighting Equipment Trail lighting should consist primarily of energy efficient bollards. Lighting at bridges, tunnels, trail intersections, trailheads and other key locations may warrant overhead lighting on poles to appropriately illuminate the path and surrounding area. All trail lighting shall have functionality for dimming, sensors, and/or automatic shut-off. b) Luminous Efficacy and Lamp Life Trail lighting infrastructure shall typically comprise of low-wattage lamps of high luminous efficacy (energy efficiency). While higher luminous efficacy levels are

5 Page 5 of 5 generally more desirable, balance must be attained with the aesthetic objectives of this policy and the Street Lighting Policy. The lamp life of different types of light sources (ie. lamps and luminaires) shall be a consideration when developing new trail lighting equipment to maximize cost efficiency. Initial costs and life cycle costs shall be considered in light purchasing decisions. c) Lighting Colour Trail lighting shall have a Colour Rendering Index of CRI. In addition, trail lighting should have a correlated colour temperature (CCT) 3,000 K. d) Trail Lighting Levels Trail lighting shall generally have an average maintained horizontal illuminance (E avg) of between 1 and 1.5 lux. Average horizontal illuminance levels at locations that may require higher lighting levels such as bridges, tunnels, trailheads and trail intersections shall not exceed 5 lux. The lighting levels implemented shall be ± 5% of the required illuminance levels. e) Control of Lighting Glare Lighting glare from trail lighting fixtures shall adhere to the lighting glare specifications found in the Street Lighting Policy, Section 5.2.d. Luminaires shall be dark-sky friendly and reduce light trespass onto abutting property. Luminaires shall generally be full cut-off type or better, and not emit light above 90 degrees. With respect to control of lighting glare, trail lighting shall have a Backlight Uplight Glare (BUG) Classification System rating of B1-U0-G0 or better. f) Lighting Distribution Trail lighting distribution shall be based on the trail geometry. Whenever possible, trail lighting fixtures shall be placed in a way to focus light on the trail surface and to minimize light trespass onto adjacent land. 7.0 RELATED DOCUMENTS Street Lighting Policy Land Use Bylaw Schedule B Banff Design Guidelines Town of Banff Trails Master Plan (2015) Town of Banff Policy Report (2016) 8.0 ATTACHMENTS Appendix A. Multi-Use and Neighbourhood Trails Map Appendix B. Trail Lighting Status Map This policy shall be in effect on the date it is approved by resolution of Council. On original Karen Sorensen Mayor On original Robert Earl Town Manager

6 S U N D A N C E R D H AW K AV E E AG L E C R M A R M O T C R C O U G A R N O R Q U AY R D G O P H E R W O L F B O W A V E LY N X B I G H O R N S Q U I R R E L B E A R E L K M O O S E WO L F C A R I B O U M A R T E N M U S K R AT G R F OX I Z Z L Y - J U L B A N F F AV E I E N R D D E E R T U N N E L M O U N T A I N R D Trail Class Type I Multi-use Primary Trail Type Ia Multi-use Primary Trail (narrow) Type II Multi-use Secondary Trail Type III Neighbourhood Trail Type IIIa Neighbourhood Trail (narrow) B U F FA L O - J U L I E N W Y G L E N A V E C A V E A V E - J U L I E N R D J A S P E R W Y P A R K A V E M I D D L E S P R I N G S D R M O U N T A I N A V E K L U A N E D R K O O T E N A Y A S P R A Y A V E V E B OW F A L L S A V E Town of Banff Appendix A Multi-Use and Neighbourhood Trails The Town of Banff does not guarantee the quality, content, accuracy, or completeness of the information, text, and graphics, and assumes no liability for any damages or loss of any kind that might arise from the use of, misuse of, or the inability to use this product. The information provided should not be used as a substitute for legal, accounting, real estate, business, tax, or other professional advice ,000 metres Approved Date Created: :23:56 PM Coordinate System: NAD 1983 UTM Zone 11N Produced By: Town of Banff - GIS Dept (ballj) File Name: TMP_Trails_Classes_V2

7 S U N D A N C E R D H AW K AV E E AG L E C R M A R M O T C R C O U G A R N O R Q U AY R D G O P H E R W O L F B O W A V E LY N X E L K B I G H O R N B E A R S Q U I R R E L M A RT E N M O O S E WO L F C A R I B O U M A R T E N M U S K R AT G R F OX I Z Z L Y - J U L B A N F F AV E I E N R D D E E R T U N N E L M O U N T A I N R D Trail Lighting Status Trail Currently Lit Trail Meets Evaluation Criteria for Acceptable Trail Lighting Location Other Trails and Paths B U F FA L O - J U L I E N W Y G L E N A V E C A V E A V E - J U L I E N R D J A S P E R W Y P A R K A V E M I D D L E S P R I N G S D R M O U N T A I N A V E K L U A N E D R K O O T E N A Y A S P R A Y A V E V E B O W F A L L S A V E Town of Banff Appendix B Trail Lighting Status The Town of Banff does not guarantee the quality, content, accuracy, or completeness of the information, text, and graphics, and assumes no liability for any damages or loss of any kind that might arise from the use of, misuse of, or the inability to use this product. The information provided should not be used as a substitute for legal, accounting, real estate, business, tax, or other professional advice ,000 metres Approved COU17-68 Date Created: :06:40 PM Coordinate System: NAD 1983 UTM Zone 11N Produced By: Town of Banff - GIS Dept (ballj) File Name: TMP_Trails_Lighting_V2