GE Power & Water. powergen.gepower.com POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG

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1 GE Power & Water powergen.gepower.com 2015 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG

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3 POWERing 2015 Power Generation Products Building on a rich history of innovation and technology leadership, GE Power Generation Products is the global industry leader in efficient, clean, and cost effective conversion of fuels to power. For over a century, GE has invested in the research and development of gas turbine, steam turbine, generator, and controls technology. GE power generation products serve in applications ranging from small, industrial cogeneration to highly efficient, utility scale power plants. With an installed base of more than 10,000 gas turbine and steam turbine generating units, representing over a million megawatts (MW) of installed capacity in more than 120 countries, our products demonstrate reliability and performance our customers depend on for their success. Register your catalog at gepower.com/pgcatalog to receive updates throughout the year. Copyright 2015 General Electric Company. All Rights Reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the General Electric Company. All comparative statements are with respect to GE technology unless otherwise stated.

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5 CONTENTS POWERing the World an Industry Overview...4 GE Power Generation Technology Leadership...6 Power Plant Excellence...8 Topping Cycle Offerings Hz Heavy Duty Gas Turbines Hz Heavy Duty Gas Turbines Fuels and Combustion Technology Leadership...46 Bottoming Cycle Offerings HRSG Considerations...53 Non-Reheat Steam Turbines...56 Reheat Steam Turbines...58 Heat Rejection System Considerations...62 Electrical Conversion Offerings...65 Air Cooled Generators...69 Hydrogen Cooled Generators...70 Water Cooled Generators...71 Plant Integration and Controls...72 Controls and Software Solutions...74 Electrical Protection and Control Power Generation Validation Facilities...80 Appendix

6 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I POWERing the World an Industry Overview POWERing the World An Industry Overview Growth in Power Demand Power demand is growing globally, and access to reliable, affordable electricity is a critical enabler for economic growth and quality of life. Drivers for this include annual population growth of 1.3%, global annual GDP growth of 3.0%, and a partial offsetting effect of increasing demand-side energy efficiencies that could reduce energy demand by as much as 4,000 TWh/y by Net of these efficiency savings, global electrical energy demand is forecasted to grow by 3.0% CAGR over the decade from 23,000 to 31,000 TWh/y. Today s electricity generation is provided through a global installed base of 5,800 GW of power generation capacity. Due to environmental and regulatory changes as well as aging and changing economics of existing assets, 500 GW are expected to retire over the next decade. New power plants totaling 2,800 GW are forecasted to be added to power grids, growing at 4.3% CAGR globally over the decade, bringing the installed capacity to 8,100 GW by Energy (TWh/y) Additional Energy Efficiency Energy Demand 23, % CAGR Net of Efficiency 4,000 31,000 Drivers Energy: Economic Growth (GDP) Population Growth Demand-Side Efficiency Capacity: Environmental Policy 2013 Capacity (GW) Non-Grid Connected Grid Connected Capacity 2, ,100 Economic Displacement Peak Demand Growth Fuel Availability and Price 5,800 5, % CAGR with Retirements 2013 RETIRED ADDITIONS 2023 Sources: World Bank, IEA, IHS, EIA, EPRI, Navigant, Brattle, GE Marketing. 4

7 POWERing 2015 Natural Gas Leading in Capacity and Generation Growth For the first time in history, more gas-fired power generation capacity is forecasted to be added over the next decade than from any other fuel source, including coal. One quarter of all capacity additions forecasted over the decade will be gas generation. And by 2023, one quarter of the electrical energy produced will come from natural gas, a 50 percent increase, and the largest increase of any power generation fuel source compared with Renewables Oil Nuclear Hydro Gas 23,000 TWh 1,300 1,000 2,600 3,600 5,100 6% 4% 11% 16% 22% Solar 9% Wind 13% Nuclear 6% Hydro 5% Geothermal + Biomass 1% Coal 23% Renewables Oil Nuclear Hydro Gas 31,000 TWh 3,300 3,700 4,200 7,600 ( +2,500) % 2% 12% 14% 25% Coal 9,800 42% Oil 18% Gas 25% Coal 11,700 38% Energy ,400 GW Capacity Additions (includes 600 GW of non-grid connected capacity orders) Energy 2023 Sources: IEA, IHS, EIA, EPRI, Navigant, Brattle, GE Marketing. Advantages of Gas Generation Efficient Use of Land 80 MW/ACRE Highest in the Industry Nuclear... ~30 MW/acre Coal... ~2 MW/acre Solar ~1 MW/acre Wind... <1 MW/acre Fast Power Online as fast as 6 MONTHS Simple Cycle Gas Fastest in the Industry Nuclear... ~6 years Coal... ~4 years Wind... ~6 months Solar ~6 months Efficient Use of Capital $500-$1000/kW Lowest in Industry-Size Economies Solar ~$1500/kW Wind... ~$1600/kW Coal... ~$2500/kW Nuclear... ~$5000/kW Cleaner Half theco 2 of Coal Lower Environmental Impact Efficient Use of Fuel 1 pt of efficiency = $50MM of fuel savings over 10 YEARS There when you need it DISPATCHABLE FLEXIBLE POWER Wind... 48% capacity factor Solar % capacity factor 5

8 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Power Generation Technology Leadership POWER GENERATION Technology Leadership GE s 125 year technology heritage steeped in research, development and technological innovation is unequaled in the power generation industry. The vast experience gained from an installed base of over 1000 GW of power generation equipment, combined with innovations from GE s Global Research Center (GRC), drive advancements in materials, aerodynamics, combustion, and cooling technology to continually enhance the performance of GE s power generation offerings. As a result, GE has led the industry by incorporating these technologies to deliver higher efficiency, improved capital cost through economy of scale, and operational flexibility while maintaining GE s high standard for reliability and availability. This ultimately provides a lower cost of electricity with fewer emissions. Technology Enablement GE Leadership Latest Advancements Digital Controls Technology Reduced trips, fewer unplanned outages Low total installed cost with fewer wiring and fewer terminations Faster commissioning with a shorter install cycle Greater diagnostic coverage across valves and instrumentation Preventative maintenance Most reliable turbine fleet Greatest smart instrumentation across power plant Fully electric valves eliminate gas turbine s hydraulic system Valve electrification Smart instrumentation (FOUNDATION Fieldbus) Smart motor control centers (MCCs) Diagnostic and prognostic development New customer experience Combustion Higher firing temperatures with lower emissions (NOx, CO) Greater turndown while maintaining emissions compliance Flexibility to utilize a wide range of available fuels Extended parts lives and intervals First to introduce Dry Low NOx (DLN) combustion Led the industry with combustors capable of single digit NOx More DLN units in service than all other OEMs combined Widest range of demonstrated fuels Axial Fuel Staging (AFS) for lower NOx and improved load turndown F-class operation on Arabian Superlight (ASL) crude oil OpFlex* all-load auto tune Next Generation Materials Higher firing temperatures with less cooling air Higher steam temperatures Extended parts lives Improved reliability First to introduce single crystal materials for power generation use Largest wrought and powder superalloy wheels in the industry Introduction of titanium in compressor for advanced IGTs Introduction of ceramic matrix composite (CMC) components for pilot retrofits Advanced thermal barrier coatings (TBC) enables a 300 F surface temperature increase Gas turbine last stage bucket length increased by 30% Advanced Aero/ Fluid Dynamics Increased efficiency of compressors and turbines (gas and steam) Enhanced generator cooling with reduced losses Reduced cooling flow requirements Full-speed, full-load validation of new compressor and gas turbines Unsteady analysis tools and computational capability (durability and performance) Strong technology synergy with GE Aviation 14-stage compressor for 7F.05 and HA gas turbines New state-of-the-art 4-stage turbine with highly 3D configuration New low pressure steam turbine with advanced last stage bucket and diffuser Advanced Manufacturing Additive technology enables new configurations for higher performance Increased speed of new technology introduction through rapid prototyping Manufacturing of high temperature materials and advanced composites High energy joining and material methodologies Advanced Repair Technologies & Repair Development Center Advanced manufacturing center in Greenville, SC helps GE focus on innovation Additive manufacturing for next generation combustion components 6

9 POWERing 2015 Electricity Authority of Cyprus, Vasilikos Power Station, Mari, Cyprus 7

10 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Power Plant Excellence POWER PLANT EXCELLENCE Peak-Performing Products for Optimal Power Plant Systems GE s power generation customers power the world. Whether it s generating electricity for consumers or powering industrial growth, the value they deliver comes from building and operating the most cost effective and reliable power plants. And that is GE s mission when it comes to power generation to offer peak-performing products and to create the best performing power plant systems in the world. GE s gas turbine power plants draw upon a legacy of more than 60 years of experience. Over that time, heavy duty gas turbines have evolved from relatively small, simple peaking machines to much larger engines used in both simple and combined cycle applications. As gas turbine output, firing temperature, and efficiency have increased, so too have the size, efficiency, and versatility of the power plant system. GE continues to develop materials, cooling, aerodynamics, combustion, and controls technologies to advance the very products that serve as the foundation of these applications. GE s comprehensive and integrated plant approach includes a customized power system with gas turbines, steam turbines, generators, controls, HRSGs and accessory systems. This enables GE to meet a diverse range of customer operational needs and applications from industrial and utility scale power, to combined heat and power (CHP), district heating (DH), integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC), and integrated water and power production (IWPP). So, whether the need is for a large baseload, high efficiency plant with fast starting and ramping, or an industrial cogeneration plant that uses nonstandard fuels, GE can create a solution to fit your needs. Power plant configurations are specific to each customer s needs and economic criteria, as well as operating and installation limitations. The right power plant balances the following considerations: Requirements and constraints capture the plant mission and goals, the interface of the plant to infrastructure, and location-based constraints. They are broken down into six major categories: operations, site, fuel, grid, environmental, and schedule. Physical implementation considers how the plant is built, operated, and maintained. The implementation methods must consider the functional needs of the plant while also considering the plant requirements and constraints, such as logistics. Function refers to the operation and interaction of the five major plant subsystems, which are discussed later in this document: the topping cycle, the bottoming cycle, heat rejection, electrical conversion, and plant integration. Segmenting the plant system in this way helps drive performance and cost. 8

11 POWERing 2015 While every power plant is unique, there are three categories of plant configuration: Applications Simple Cycle Single Shaft Multi-Shaft Peaking power Emergent power demands (can later be converted to combined cycle) Mechanical drive Mid-merit to baseload Grid connected, utility scale Combined heat and power (CHP) Mid-merit to baseload Grid connected, utility scale Combined heat and power (CHP) Advantages Lowest CAPEX Shortest construction cycle Easily scalable for growth Smallest footprint/highest power density (MW/m2) Easily scalable to future required output Lower CAPEX and lower $/kw compared to multi-shaft Highest efficiency entitlement Better part load efficiency Redundancy Phased construction flexibility Can accommodate large steam extractions Disadvantages Lower efficiency compared to combined cycle Longer construction cycle than simple cycle Higher CAPEX and higher $/kw compared to single shaft plant Higher specific emissions 9

12 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Power Plant Excellence PLANT INTEGRATION HEAT REJECTION Plant Offerings ELECTRICAL CONVERSION CONTROLS TOPPING CYCLE BOTTOMING CYCLE In addition to typical power plant features, the following are options customers commonly choose. GE s application engineering teams can configure these and other options to accommodate most any requirement: Power augmentation through supplemental firing in the HRSG. Power augmentation through air inlet cooling. Nonstandard fuel capability, including heavy fuel oil. Indoor, outdoor, or semi-outdoor installation. Phased combined cycle power plant construction, with or without a bypass exhaust stack. Customized installation scope (from equipment, to engineered equipment package, to turnkey). Single or multi-pressure steam cycles, both reheat and non-reheat. Axial, downward, or side steam exhaust. Breaking the Plant Down to Five Parent Systems GE s simple and combined cycle power plants are flexible in their operation and include features such as fast starting and load ramping, low turndown, and high full- and part-load efficiencies. This flexibility delivers improved plant economics, including: Reduced capital costs. Reduced operation and maintenance costs. Shorter installation times to reduce installation costs and produce revenue faster. Improved reliability and availability. As an example, the auxiliary systems for GE s HA plants are largely pre-configured modules that are factory tested, fully assembled, drop-in enclosures that lower field connections, piping, and valves. This translates to a simpler installation that reduces field schedule and installation quality risks while improving overall installation times up to 25% quicker compared to lesser F-class plants. GE s integrated systems approach includes analysis and development of not only the power generation equipment components but also the balance of plant systems. Performance and cost are measured at both the component and plant level to increase customer value. GE accomplishes this by segmenting the plant into five major systems. At the heart of each system is GE s power generation offerings: gas turbines, steam turbines, generators, and controls. Each system, and GE s associated power generation offerings, will be discussed in the subsequent sections of this catalog. Topping cycle The gas turbine and its dedicated systems. Bottoming cycle The steam turbine, HRSG, condensate, feed water and associated systems. Heat rejection The systems that reject heat to the environment. Electrical The systems that produce and export power to the grid or supply power to plant equipment. Plant integration The systems that support the main plant equipment in converting fuel to electrical power. 10

13 POWERing 2015 Luojing Baosteel Group LTD., Industrial Steel Mill, Shanghai, China 11

14 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings TOPPING CYCLE OFFERINGS Overview of Scope and Considerations Comprised of the gas turbine and supporting accessory systems, the topping cycle is the most significant and technologically challenging step in the conversion of fuel to electrical power. The topping cycle contributes to more than two thirds of a power plant s total output and defines combined cycle efficiency entitlement based on operating temperature capability. GE maintains a plant-level view while focusing on the key considerations for topping cycle development: performance, emissions, reliability, and cost. Each of GE s topping cycle configurations strike a balance between pressure ratio, firing temperature, and airflow to achieve optimum plant performance at world-class emissions levels. Most importantly, GE recognizes that these factors, much like plant requirements and operating circumstances, vary greatly from customer to customer. As such, GE engages the customer early on in the development process to gain an intimate understanding of needs and wants. This ensures that the topping cycle delivered will provide value to the customer, no matter what the application. The heart of a combined cycle power plant is the topping cycle. 12

15 POWERing 2015 Gas Natural SDG, SA, Plana del Vent Power Plant, Vandellos, Spain 13

16 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings GAS TURBINE Portfolio and Overview Efficient, Flexible, Reliable Power GE offers the world s largest range of heavy duty gas turbines from 44 to 510 MW. Whether for consumer electrical generation, industrial cogeneration, or mechanical drive applications, GE s gas turbines bring proven experience and capability to any power plant. On the cutting edge of gas turbine technology, GE s wide array of equipment options can meet even the most challenging power requirements. Heavy Duty Gas Turbines 9HA MW 510 MW 9F MW 280 MW 265 MW 9E MW 132 MW 7HA F MW 198 MW 337 MW 275 MW 7E MW 6F MW 50 Hz Gas Turbines MW 60 Hz Gas Turbines 6B MW Geared for 50 Hz or 60 Hz 14

17 POWERing 2015 Pioneer in Gas Turbine Technology Materials Advantage from our Aviation Expertise GE takes advantage of more than 60 years of material science from our aviation heritage to increase performance at high firing temperatures. GE was the first to introduce single crystal alloys and devoted 15 years to developing CMCs. These materials provide longer parts life for lower life cycle costs and higher efficiencies, leading to a cost effective conversion of fuel to electricity. Half Century of Fuel Research and Testing GE is the industry leader in burning unconventional gas. We introduced the first F-class gas turbine to use Arabian super light crude and invented the DLN combustion system more than 30 years ago to reduce emissions. Validation That Demonstrates Performance GE built the world s largest, most powerful off-grid gas turbine testing facility to demonstrate gas turbine operability and performance before first fire in the field MW broadest heavy duty gas turbine portfolio in the industry. GE Introduced E-Class, F-Class, and H-Class Technology to the Industry High-Efficiency H-Class Most cost-effective conversion of natural gas to electricity in the H-class industry. Includes the world s largest high efficiency turbine: 510 MW. First H-class gas turbine fleet to reach 220,000 operating hours. Industry-Leading F-Class Introduced F-class technology nearly 30 years ago. World s largest fleet, with more than 1,100 installed units and 50 million fired hours in service. Industry s best reliability at 99.4%. Combined Cycle Efficiency % E-Class MATERIALS, COMBUSTION and COOLING TECHNOLOGY INTRODUCED / /1260 F-Class INTRODUCED 1986 Gas Turbine Firing Temperature F/ C H-Class INTRODUCED 2014 AIR COOLED INTRODUCED 2003 STEAM COOLED 2600/ /1593 Reliable B- and E-Class Rugged and available in the most arduous climates. Industry-leading fuel flexibility, burning more than 50 gases and liquids. Quick installation for fast-track projects. Over 3000 units installed. More than 143 million operating hours. 15

18 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings HA Gas Turbines EDF, GE join forces to develop most flexible and efficient gas-fired power plant in France. Toshiba receives combined cycle project order from Hokkaido Electric Power Co., Inc. powered by GE/Toshiba alliance. GE inks more than $500 million power equipment order with Exelon. GE power system to Russia. Toshiba partners with GE to create a power generation force. First 9H Gas Turbine Enters Commercial Operation Full Speed, No Load Testing of the 7H Gas Turbine Full Speed, No Load Testing of the 9H Gas Turbine First 7H Gas Turbine Enters Commercial Operation GE Launches the FlexEfficiency 50* Combined Cycle Power Plant for 50 Hz Regions that Can Provide More than 61% Combined Cycle Efficiency GE Launches the FlexEfficiency 60* Combined Cycle Power Plant for 60 Hz Regions that Can Provide More than 61% Combined Cycle Efficiency H System* Technology Introduced GE Begins Development of the H System F-Class Technology First Introduced by GE GE Introduces 7HA/9HA Next-Generation of H-Class Machines 2014 GE s H-Class Gas Turbines Achieve 200,000 Operating Hours GE s Fleet of Heavy Duty Gas Turbines Achieve 173 Million Operating Hours 16

19 POWERing 2015 Platform Product Evolution Evolutionary Method Reduces Time to Product Introduction 50 Hz 62% 9HA.01 9HA.02 Combined Cycle Net Efficiency (% LHV) 60% 58% 56% 54% 52% 9F.03 9F.01 9F.02 9F.04 9F.05 9H (2007) 9F (1987) 50% Gas Turbine Net Output (MW) 60 Hz 62% 7HA.01 7HA.02 Combined Cycle Net Efficiency (% LHV) 60% 58% 56% 54% 52% 7F.01 7F.03 7F.04 7FB 7F.05 7H (2007) 7F (1986) 50% Gas Turbine Net Output (MW) 17

20 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings 9HA.01/.02 GAS TURBINE (50 Hz) The World s Largest and Most Efficient Heavy Duty Gas Turbine The 9HA high efficiency, air cooled gas turbine is the industry leader among H-class offerings. With two available models the 9HA.01 at 397 MW and the 9HA.02 at 510 MW customers can select the right capacity to meet their generation needs. Thanks to a simplified air cooled architecture, advanced materials, and proven operability and reliability, the 9HA delivers the lowest life cycle cost per MW. The economies of scale created by this high power density gas turbine, combined with its more than 61% combined cycle efficiency, enables the most cost effective conversion of fuel to electricity to help operators meet increasingly dynamic power demands. Industry-Leading Operational Flexibility for Increased Dispatch and Ancillary Revenue Fast 10-minute ramp-up from start command to gas turbine full load. Up to 70 MW/minute ramping capability within emissions compliance. Reaches turndown as low as 40% of gas turbine baseload output within emissions compliance. Fuel flexible to accommodate gas and liquid fuels with wide gas variability, including high ethane (shale) gas and liquefied natural gas. Least Complex H-Class Offering A simpler configuration than GE s previous H-class fleet and one that does not require a separate cooling air system. Modular systems ease installation and reduce on-site labor requirements. Streamlined maintenance with quickremoval turbine roof, field-replaceable blades, and 100% borescope inspection coverage for all blades. Full-Load Validation At the heart of GE s heavy duty gas turbine validation program is the advanced full-scale, full-load test facility in Greenville, SC. GE s 9HA gas turbine has been fully validated in its full speed, full-load test facility over an operating envelope larger than the variances an entire fleet of turbines would experience in the field, an approach that is superior to operating a field prototype for 8,000 hours MW Simple Cycle Output >61% COMBINED CYCLE EFFICIENCY Customer Success Story GE technology is helping Électricité de France (EDF) move down the path to reducing emissions and improving efficiency in line with their goals. EDF and GE are jointly building the 9HA fleet leader combined cycle power plant in Bouchain, France. The plant s turndown ability will be 20 points better than its nearest competitor, allowing EDF to more efficiently balance its generating capability with renewables while meeting customer needs for electricity. GE and EDF intend to extend their experience in Bouchain to support their development outside France. 18

21 POWERing HA.01 9HA.02 Frequency SC Net Output (MW) SC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 8,220 8,170 SC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 8,673 8,620 SC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 41.5% 41.8% Exhaust Energy (MM Btu/hr) 1,906 2,430 Exhaust Energy (MM kj/hr) 2,011 2,564 GT Turndown Minimum Load (%) 40% 40% GT Ramp Rate (MW/min) NOx (ppmvd) at Baseload O2) CO (ppm) at Min. Turndown w/o Abatement 9 9 Wobbe Variation (%) +/-10% +/-10% Power Plant Configuration 1x1 SS 9HA.01 1x1 SS 9HA.02 CC Net Output (MW) CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 5,540 5,517 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 5,845 5,821 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 61.6% 61.8% Bottoming Cycle Type 3PRH 3PRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 47% 47% Ramp Rate (MW/min) Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) <30 <30 Power Plant Configuration 2x1 MS 9HA.01 2x1 MS 9HA.02 CC Net Output (MW) 1,181 1,515 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 5,540 5,495 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 5,845 5,798 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 61.6% 62.1% Bottoming Cycle Type 3PRH 3PRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 24% 24% Ramp Rate (MW/min) Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) <30 <30 19

22 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings 9F.05 GAS TURBINE (50 Hz) GE s Highest F-Class Combined Cycle Efficiency Meeting the demand for cleaner, reliable, cost-effective power, the 9F.05 heavy duty gas turbine provides GE s most advanced F-class technology for 50 Hz applications. With combined cycle efficiency of more than 60% and running reliability in excess of 99%, this turbine is well suited for baseload, cogeneration and cycling applications. Enhanced Architecture for Performance and Reliability Well suited for combined cycle applications, with 99.8% average reliability and 95.1% average availability. 1 Mark* VIe Control System real-time, physics-based modeling increases overall performance, operability, and reliability. OpFlex AutoTune improves DLN operability, increasing the range of natural gas compositions that can be used. Simple Cycle 299 MW Output >60% COMBINED CYCLE EFFICIENCY 1 Source: ORAP SPS,

23 POWERing F.05 Frequency 50 SC Net Output (MW) 299 SC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 8,810 SC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 9,295 SC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 38.7% Exhaust Energy (MM Btu/hr) 1,593 Exhaust Energy (MM kj/hr) 1,681 GT Turndown Minimum Load (%) 38% GT Ramp Rate (MW/min) 24 NOx (ppmvd) at Baseload O2) 25 CO (ppm) at Min. Turndown w/o Abatement 10 Wobbe Variation (%) +/-10% Power Plant Configuration 1x1 SS 9F.05 CC Net Output (MW) 460 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 5,670 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 5,982 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 60.2% Bottoming Cycle Type 3PRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 46% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 24 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 38 Power Plant Configuration 2x1 MS 9F.05 CC Net Output (MW) 923 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 5,650 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 5,961 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 60.4% Bottoming Cycle Type 3PRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 23% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 48 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 38 Customer Success Story The 1,430 MW Datang Gaojing combined cycle cogeneration power plant, owned and operated by China Datang Corporation, serves the surging electricity demand in the Chinese capital of Beijing while also helping the region meet the ambitious environmental targets of China s Five Year Plan. Commissioned in 2014, the plant features three highly efficient GE 9F.05 gas turbines, air cooled generators, and a district heating solution for winter operation from Harbin Electric Corporation, GE s business partner and licensing associate. It is one of the most fuel efficient Chinese power plants to date. Along with its high-efficiency performance, the reliability of the 9F.05 helps ensure that the Datang Gaojing plant will serve as a dependable source of heat and power. 21

24 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings 9F.03/.04 GAS TURBINE (50 Hz) Quick and Efficient Solution for Growing Grids The rugged 9F.03 heavy duty gas turbine delivers efficiency, flexible operation, and reliability in one proven solution. With greater than 99% reliability and broad fuel flexibility, the 9F.03 delivers consistent performance in a multitude of diverse applications, ranging from industrial cogeneration to aluminum smelting. With a demonstrated cycle as short as eight months from order to operation, the 9F.03/.04 gets applications up and running fast, while its extended inspection intervals and robust hot gas path parts keep it online longer. Built to Respond Quickly and Efficiently when Needs or Conditions Change Faster start times can speed the entire start sequence up to 15 minutes in simple cycle and 20 minutes in combined cycle. Better availability with closed-loop, real-time combustion system tuning. High fuel flexibility, up to more than 15% Modified Wobbe Index variation in natural gas. OpFlex AutoTune improves DLN operability and eliminates firing temperature suppression. Mark VIe Control Platform real-time physics-based modeling increases overall performance, operability, and reliability. 9F.04 Lowest Life Cycle Cost in Its Class Advanced Gas Path (AGP) in the 9F.04 provides enhanced performance with reliable, cost-effective operation. Delivers 15 MW of additional output and 0.8% points of improved efficiency in simple cycle. AGP utilizes improved materials, cooling, and sealing and is retrofitable to 9F.03 units to enable commonality across installed units. Builds upon over 140 F-class AGP installations and over 500,000 operating hours. Extended 32,000-hour combustion and hot gas path inspection intervals, with most parts lasting multiple cycles MW Simple Cycle Output >59% COMBINED CYCLE EFFICIENCY 22

25 POWERing F.03 9F.04 Frequency SC Net Output (MW) SC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 9,020 8,840 SC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 9,517 9,327 SC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 37.8% 38.6% Exhaust Energy (MM Btu/hr) 1,458 1,496 Exhaust Energy (MM kj/hr) 1,538 1,579 GT Turndown Minimum Load (%) 35% 35% GT Ramp Rate (MW/min) NOx (ppmvd) at Baseload O2) CO (ppm) at Min. Turndown w/o Abatement Wobbe Variation (%) +25%/-10% +25%/-10% Power Plant Configuration 1x1 MS 9F.03 1x1 MS 9F.04 CC Net Output (MW) CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 5,860 5,770 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,183 6,088 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 58.2% 59.1% Bottoming Cycle Type 3PRH 3PRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 46% 45% Ramp Rate (MW/min) Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) Power Plant Configuration 2x1 MS 9F.03 2x1 MS 9F.04 CC Net Output (MW) CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 5,840 5,750 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,162 6,067 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 58.4% 59.3% Bottoming Cycle Type 3PRH 3PRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 23% 22% Ramp Rate (MW/min) Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) Customer Success Story As Algeria quickly progresses with building its infrastructure, GE is proud to be the country s growth partner. Société Algérienne de Production de l Electricité (SPE S.p.a.), part of the Sonelgaz Group, selected GE to provide power generation equipment and services for six new combined cycle power plants. These plants will produce enough power to help meet the needs of 8 million Algerian households, increasing the country s energy capacity by nearly 70%. For the six new plants, GE is supplying 9F.03 gas turbines, proven reliable with more than 200 installed units worldwide and more than 12 million operating hours. Using natural gas from local Algerian gas fields, the turbines will be equipped with GE s latest DLN dual-fuel combustion technology to reduce emissions, extend maintenance intervals and enable greater flexibility. 23

26 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings 9E.03/.04 GAS TURBINE (50 Hz) Flexible, Adaptable Performance From desert climates to the tropics, to the arctic cold, the rugged 9E.03 heavy duty gas turbine provides essential power and performs in a vast number of duty cycles and applications. It is one of the most fuel-flexible products in the industry, capability of using more than 52 types of fuel almost the entire fuel spectrum. The 9E.04 heavy duty gas turbine provides increased power and performance while maintaining the simplicity and operational strengths of the 9E.03 gas turbine. The result is a platform that delivers high availability, reliability, and durability while lowering the overall cost per kilowatt. Rapidly Getting You from Decision to Power Delivery Demonstrated order to operation in less than six months. Modular architecture and prepackaged components make for quick installation in challenging environments. Simple cycle, combined cycle, and various industrial applications in a broad range of industries, including electrical utilities/independent power producers, industrial oil and gas refineries, IWPP, aluminum industry for smelting, steel mills, and LNG. Fast-start and fast-load capabilities provide operational flexibility. Longest maintenance intervals without reduced performance 32,000 hours for combustion and hot gas inspections. 9E.04 Offers Enhanced Power and Performance Reduced fuel costs and increased revenue 143 MW output and 37% efficiency simple cycle 208 MW output and more than 53% efficiency in a 1x1 MS 9E.04 combined cycle power plant. A nearly five percent reduction in installed $/kw price, translating to a quicker return on investment. New 4-stage turbine module fits within the same footprint as an already installed 9E gas turbine unit. Utilizes proven E- and F-class materials, fired at lower E-class temperatures for hot gas path, with cooling and sealing improvements, improved clearances and optimized work splits between stages MW Simple Cycle Output >54% COMBINED CYCLE EFFICIENCY 24

27 POWERing E.03 9E.04 Frequency SC Net Output (MW) SC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 9,860 9,250 SC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 10,403 9,759 SC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 34.6% 36.9% Exhaust Energy (MM Btu/hr) Exhaust Energy (MM kj/hr) GT Turndown Minimum Load (%) 35% 35% GT Ramp Rate (MW/min) NOx (ppmvd) at Baseload O2) 5 5 CO (ppm) at Min. Turndown w/o Abatement Wobbe Variation (%) >+/-30% >+/-30% Power Plant Configuration 1x1 MS 9E.03 1x1 MS 9E.04 CC Net Output (MW) CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,530 6,360 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,890 6,710 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 52.3% 53.7% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH 2PNRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 72% 70% Ramp Rate (MW/min) Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) Power Plant Configuration 2x1 MS 9E.03 2x1 MS 9E.04 CC Net Output (MW) CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,460 6,300 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,816 6,647 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 52.8% 54.2% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH 2PNRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 36% 35% Ramp Rate (MW/min) Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) Customer Success Story Relationships matter. For more than 15 years, GE has supported Tunisia s energy development, with GE machines generating over 1.3 GW of power. During that time, the Société Tunisienne de l Electricité et du Gaz (STEG) and GE have developed strong ties. Their shared history allowed GE to respond rapidly in 2012 to meet Tunisia s changing electricity needs consumption was growing by about 6% per year. GE proposed and executed an extension to the Bir M Cherga plant within six months from order, one of the fastest projects ever. The two 9E.03 gas turbines at the Bir M Cherga plant now supply an additional 240 MW to the Tunisian national power grid, allowing the country to better manage the summer peak. 25

28 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings 6F.03 GAS TURBINE (50 Hz) Advanced Technology for Decentralized Power Whether you need to generate power on-site or produce steam for petrochemical or DH operations, the 6F.03 heavy duty combined cycle gas turbine delivers high levels of efficiency, availability, flexibility, and reliability. Its high exhaust energy makes the 6F.03 gas turbine ideal for 50 or 60 Hz midsize combined cycle, industrial cogeneration, DH, and remote-processing applications. Durable, Compact Configuration for Diverse Applications Flexible layout, including lateral or axial air inlet and indoor or outdoor acoustic enclosures overcomes space constraints. Built to perform in harsh and remote environments. Robust DLN 2.6 combustion system enables lower emissions less than 15 ppm NOx or 9 ppm CO and 32,000-hour combustion inspection intervals. Turndown to 52% turbine load with DLN 2.6 combustion results in fewer starts and lower fuel costs. Online transfer from natural gas to light distillate improves uptime. Multi-Nozzle Quiet Combustor (MNQC) accommodates syngas from 20 to 90% hydrogen; MNQC employing steam or nitrogen injection achieves less than 25 ppm NOx emissions on syngas. Simple Cycle 80 MW Output >55% COMBINED CYCLE EFFICIENCY Customer Success Story Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) is coupling exploration of new fields of unconventional gases with enhanced oil recovery techniques in existing fields such as Rabab Harweel. PDO selected GE s 6F.03 gas turbine to provide power and steam to the enhanced oil recovery operations because of its proven robust design, high availability and reliability. Flexibility also played a role: The 6F.03 can perform in extreme ambient conditions and with a wide range of fuels. In addition, the turbine improves operational efficiency and its 32,000 hour interval parts and inspections schedule supports a maintenance plan that synchronizes with other machinery, minimizing downtime. 26

29 POWERing F.03 Frequency 50 SC Net Output (MW) 80 SC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 9,470 SC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 9,991 SC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 36.0% Exhaust Energy (MM Btu/hr) 472 Exhaust Energy (MM kj/hr) 498 GT Turndown Minimum Load (%) 52% GT Ramp Rate (MW/min) 7 NOx (ppmvd) at Baseload (@15% O2) 15 CO (ppm) at Min. Turndown w/o Abatement 9 Wobbe Variation (%) +20%/-10% Power Plant Configuration 1x1 MS 6F.03 CC Net Output (MW) 123 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,170 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,510 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 55.3% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 59% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 7 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 45 Power Plant Configuration 2x1 MS 6F.03 CC Net Output (MW) 245 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,130 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,467 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 55.7% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 30% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 13 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 45 27

30 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings 6F.01 GAS TURBINE (50 Hz) Gas Turbine for the Most Efficient Combined Cycle/Cogeneration Below 100 MW The 6F.01 gas turbine achieves nearly 56% efficiency in 2x1 combined cycle arrangement, and more than 80% efficiency in cogeneration operation. Its 600 C exhaust temperature enables up to 140 bar high pressure steam for combined cycle power generation or cogeneration. Proven Experience with High Reliability and Availability 110,000 hours and 2,250 starts of operating experience on fleet leaders in Turkey with 99.2% reliability over past four years. Proven hot gas path and combustion materials featured on 7F.05, 9F.05 and H-class turbines supports higher temperatures. Proven DLN 2.5 combustion system with over a decade of operating experience. Combustion and hot gas path maintenance intervals of 32,000 hours and 900 starts. Field replaceable compressor airfoils capable of wet compression power augmentation. Compact cold end drive configuration for new plants with hot end drive option for 6B flange-to-flange replacement solution brings more than 5 pts in efficiency improvement. Simple Cycle 51 MW Output >55% COMBINED CYCLE EFFICIENCY 28

31 POWERing F.01 Frequency 50 SC Net Output (MW) 51 SC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 8,980 SC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 9,474 SC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 38.0% Exhaust Energy (MM Btu/hr) 277 Exhaust Energy (MM kj/hr) 292 GT Turndown Minimum Load (%) 40% GT Ramp Rate (MW/min) 12 NOx (ppmvd) at Baseload O2) 25 CO (ppm) at Min. Turndown w/o Abatement 9 Wobbe Variation (%) +/- 10% Power Plant Configuration 1x1 MS 6F.01 CC Net Output (MW) 75 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,120 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,457 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 55.8% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 53% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 12 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 30 Power Plant Configuration 2x1 MS 6F.01 CC Net Output (MW) 150 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,100 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,436 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 55.9% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 27% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 24 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 30 Customer Success Story When Huaneng Power Inc. (HPI) needed a proven, high-efficiency solution for its first distributed power project in the Guangxi region of China, GE s 6F.01 was their clear choice. With its unique combination of high efficiency and low emissions, this gas turbine is a reliable, environmentally friendly choice, ready to bring needed power and steam generation capability to the heart of the Guilin World Resort power plant. Having collaborated with GE on many projects over the years, HPI has confidence in GE s ability to bring the Guilin power plant online quickly to meet the growing energy needs of this popular tourist destination. 29

32 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings 6B.03 GAS TURBINE (50 Hz) Industrial-Strength, Field-Proven Reliability The rugged, reliable 6B.03 heavy duty gas turbine is a popular choice for refineries, natural gas liquefaction power, CHP applications, and industrial power. Its ability to operate in island mode, coupled with its 94.6% availability, make the 6B.03 an ideal solution for remote installations and extreme operating conditions far from the grid. With 99% reliability, proven and tested with more than 55 million operating hours, the 6B.03 provides cost-effective power you can count on. Dependable, Cost-Effective Solution Can accommodate the multiple start-ups required for seasonal CHP. Black start capability for volatile grid environments. Built to stay online in extreme and remote conditions. DLN combustion supports low-cost gas and liquid fuels, including process gases, low calorific gases, and up to 30% hydrogen, 100% ethane, 100% propane, and 50% nitrogen; standard combustion supports heavy oils, naphtha, bioethanol, methanol, synthetic gases, and steel mill gases. Pre-assembled gas turbine package with accessories for easier transport and faster site installation; as low as six months from order to operation. Simple Cycle 44 MW Output >51% COMBINED CYCLE EFFICIENCY 30

33 POWERing B.03 Frequency 50 SC Net Output (MW) 44 SC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 10,180 SC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 10,740 SC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 33.5% Exhaust Energy (MM Btu/hr) 289 Exhaust Energy (MM kj/hr) 305 GT Turndown Minimum Load (%) 50% GT Ramp Rate (MW/min) 11 NOx (ppmvd) at Baseload O2) 4 CO (ppm) at Min. Turndown w/o Abatement 25 Wobbe Variation (%) >+/-30% Power Plant Configuration 1x1 MS 6B.03 CC Net Output (MW) 67 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,630 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,995 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 51.5% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 57% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 11 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 30 Power Plant Configuration 2x1 MS 6B.03 CC Net Output (MW) 135 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,600 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,963 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 51.7% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 29% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 22 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 30 Customer Success Story After 20 years of reliable service with a GE 6B gas turbine, Compañía Española de Petróleos (Cepsa) needed to enhance operations at its San Roque refinery in Spain and reduce the facility s environmental impact. Cepsa had first chosen the 6B as a reliable, fuel flexible solution with high exhaust energy and standard combustion features. The 6B could support production of process steam and electricity while utilizing both natural and process gas. In 2013, GE supplied two new 6B.03 gas turbines with enhanced performance and DLN combustion system to improve efficiency with reduced emissions. One of the 6B gas turbines has been operating successfully with up to 40% hydrogen since mid-2013, a first-of-its-kind accomplishment for DLN combustion. CEPSA and CEPSA logo are Trademarks registered in Spain and in other countries owned by Compañía Española de Petróleos, S.A.U. (CEPSA). All rights reserved. 31

34 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings 7HA.01/.02 GAS TURBINE (60 Hz) The World s Largest and Most Efficient Heavy Duty Gas Turbine GE s 7HA high efficiency, air cooled gas turbine is the industry leader among H-class offerings and is available in two models the 7HA.01 at 275 MW and the 7HA.02 at 337 MW. Thanks to a simplified air cooled architecture, advanced materials, and proven operability and reliability, the 7HA delivers the lowest life cycle cost per MW for 60 Hz applications. The economies of scale created by this high power density gas turbine, combined with its more than 61% combined cycle efficiency, enable the most cost effective conversion of fuel to electricity to help operators meet increasingly dynamic power demands. Industry-Leading Operational Flexibility for Increased Dispatch and Ancillary Revenue Fast 10-minute ramp-up from start command to gas turbine full load. 50 MW/minute ramping capability within emissions compliance. Reaches turndown as low as 25% of gas turbine baseload output within emissions compliance. Fuel flexible to accommodate gas and liquid fuels with wide gas variability, including high ethane (shale) gas and liquefied natural gas. Least Complex H-Class Offering A simpler configuration than GE s previous H-class fleet and one that does not require a separate cooling air system. The 7HA is now available with an air cooled generator for simplified installation and maintainability. Modular systems ease installation with 10,000 fewer man-hours than GE s 7F.03 gas turbine. Streamlined maintenance with quickremoval turbine roof, field-replaceable blades, and 100% borescope inspection coverage for all blades. Simplified dual fuel system uses less water, eliminates recirculation, and utilizes enhanced liquid purge for improved reliability and dependability. Full-Load Validation At the heart of GE s heavy duty gas turbine validation program is the advanced full-scale, full-load test facility in Greenville, SC. Test stand enables GE to validate the 7HA gas turbine over an operating envelope larger than the variances an entire fleet of turbines would experience in the field, an approach that is superior to operating a field prototype for 8,000 hours. Customer Success Story MW Simple Cycle Output >61% COMBINED CYCLE EFFICIENCY Exelon, one of the largest competitive power generators in the U.S., chose GE s 7HA.02 technology, the world s largest and most efficient gas turbine in its class, to deliver additional power for two of its planned combined cycle projects in the U.S. GE s 7HA.02 gas turbines will provide Exelon with a combination of the most output, highest efficiency, and best operational flexibility in its class, helping Exelon provide additional capacity, competitively priced, to the expanding Texas energy grid. Compared with F-class technology, fuel savings will exceed $8 million annually per gas turbine. The 7HA gas turbine also features modular construction for a shorter installation, a real benefit in Texas, given concerns about the availability of skilled manpower. 32

35 POWERing HA.01 7HA.02 Frequency SC Net Output (MW) SC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 8,240 8,210 SC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 8,694 8,662 SC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 41.4% 41.6% Exhaust Energy (MM Btu/hr) 1,330 1,620 Exhaust Energy (MM kj/hr) 1,403 1,709 GT Turndown Minimum Load (%) 25% 40% GT Ramp Rate (MW/min) NOx (ppmvd) at Baseload O2) CO (ppm) at Min. Turndown w/o Abatement 9 9 Wobbe Variation (%) +/-10% +/-10% Power Plant Configuration 1x1 MS 7HA.01 1x1 SS 7HA.02 CC Net Output (MW) CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 5,570 5,530 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 5,877 5,834 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 61.3% 61.7% Bottoming Cycle Type 3PRH 3PRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 33% 47% Ramp Rate (MW/min) Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) <30 <30 Power Plant Configuration 2x1 MS 7HA.01 2x1 MS 7HA.02 CC Net Output (MW) 817 1,005 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 5,540 5,510 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 5,845 5,813 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 61.6% 61.9% Bottoming Cycle Type 3PRH 3PRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 16% 23% Ramp Rate (MW/min) Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) <30 <30 33

36 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings 7F.05 GAS TURBINE (60 Hz) Next Generation, F-Class Flexibility and Efficiency GE understands the challenges of today s power generation industry: lower cost of electricity, dispatch and fuel volatility, as well as increased efficiency, reliability, and asset availability. GE created the 7F.05 gas turbine to be highly efficient, agile, and simple to maintain. With combined cycle efficiency greater than 59.9%, and a 40 MW per minute ramp rate, the 7F.05 helps operators capture more ancillary revenue. In simple cycle the 7F.05 gas turbine is extremely responsive with a start capacity of 200 megawatts in ten minutes, 5 ppm NOx and grid stability logic, making the 7F.05 ideal for supporting renewable energy growth. Reliable and Efficient Combustion systems accommodate a wide range of fuels, including natural gas, distillate oil, lean methane, pure ethane, hydrogen, syngas, and light crude oils. They also enable low NOx emissions, as low as 5 ppm, at rated output levels. 98.5% reliability leads F-class offerings. 1 Maintainability features support increased availability: Field replaceable compressor airfoils reduce downtime. Superfinish 3D airfoils reduce degradation. 100% borescope inspection reduces overall inspection time. Performance packages support most customer demands across the ambient spectrum, including wet compression for enhanced hot day performance. The 7F.05 is now available with an air cooled generator for simplified installation and maintainability MW >59% COMBINED CYCLE EFFICIENCY Simple Cycle Output 1 Source: ORAP Simple cycle equipment, 12 month average, April 13 through March

37 POWERing ppm NOx 9 ppm NOx Frequency SC Net Output (MW) SC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 8,670 8,640 SC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 9,147 9,116 SC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 39.4% 39.5% Exhaust Energy (MM Btu/hr) 1,176 1,207 Exhaust Energy (MM kj/hr) 1,241 1,273 GT Turndown Minimum Load (%) 38% 38% GT Ramp Rate (MW/min) NOx (ppmvd) at Baseload (@15% O2) 5 9 CO (ppm) at Min. Turndown w/o Abatement 9 9 Wobbe Variation (%) +/-7.5% +/-7.5% Power Plant Configuration 1x1 MS 12 ppm NOx CC Net Output (MW) 359 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 5,740 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,056 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 59.4% Bottoming Cycle Type 3PRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 48% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 40 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 25 Power Plant Configuration 2x1 MS 12 ppm NOx CC Net Output (MW) 723 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 5,700 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,014 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 59.9% Bottoming Cycle Type 3PRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 24% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 80 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 25 Customer Success Story With a partnership that spans over four decades and 40 Saudi Electricity Company (SEC) power plants, GE assists in the generation of over half of Saudi Arabia s power supply. The company has more than 500 gas turbines installed in the Kingdom, and that number will grow when SEC s Riyadh Power Plant 12 (PP12) enters commercial operation in early PP12 utilizes 8 GE 7F.05 gas turbines and is the first installation of the new product in the region; it will add nearly 2,000 megawatts of power, helping SEC meet future electricity demands. The 7F.05 gas turbines provide SEC with significant fuel savings and lower emissions, along with the operating flexibility needed to respond to a wide range of generation conditions, from base load to cyclic duty. Fuel flexibility is also a significant advantage. The 7F.05 turbines can operate on natural gas, distillate fuel or Arabian Super Light (ASL) crude. GE s F-class gas turbines are the first to offer customers the ability to operate on crude oil. 35

38 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings 7F.04 GAS TURBINE (60 Hz) Setting the Industry Standard for F-Class Power GE introduced the world to F-class gas turbine technology in Today, GE powers the globe with more than 1,100 installed F-class units, producing 260 GW of power in 58 countries. With 99% reliability, customers receive five to six more days of operation per year than the industry average. A 10-minute fast start enables increased revenue and dispatchability during peak demand. Customer Value with the Lowest Life Cycle Cost in Its Class Enhanced compressor and hot gas path cooling and sealing technologies to improve performance and durability. Single crystal materials and directionally solidified blades for extended maintenance intervals and lengthened component life. Low fuel pressure requirements reduce the need for an on-site fuel compressor. Industry-leading DLN 2.6 combustion system lowers emissions across a wide range of natural gas and distillate fuel compositions. Widest fuel flexibility; only manufacturer to offer an F-class heavy duty gas turbine that burns Arabian super light; also offers 15% C2, +20%/-10% Modified Wobbe Index, 5% hydrogen. Simple Cycle 198 MW Output >59% COMBINED CYCLE EFFICIENCY 36

39 POWERing F.04 Frequency 60 SC Net Output (MW) 198 SC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 8,840 SC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 9,327 SC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 38.6% Exhaust Energy (MM Btu/hr) 1,056 Exhaust Energy (MM kj/hr) 1,114 GT Turndown Minimum Load (%) 48% GT Ramp Rate (MW/min) 30 NOx (ppmvd) at Baseload O2) 9 CO (ppm) at Min. Turndown w/o Abatement 9 Wobbe Variation (%) +20%/-10% Power Plant Configuration 1x1 MS 7F.04 CC Net Output (MW) 292 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 5,800 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,119 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 58.8% Bottoming Cycle Type 3PRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 58% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 30 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 28 Power Plant Configuration 2x1 MS 7F.04 CC Net Output (MW) 588 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 5,760 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,077 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 59.2% Bottoming Cycle Type 3PRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 29% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 60 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 28 Customer Success Story In the western portion of PJM, an Independent System Operator in the United States, regional supplies of ethane are plentiful. Yet, until now, no one has used ethane as a reliable, lower-cost fuel source for generating electricity. That s about to change. The proposed 565 MW Moundsville Power combined cycle plant in West Virginia will be the first to utilize locally generated unconventional gas from new shale wells with high contents of ethane. The empowering technology is GE s 7F.04 gas turbine. Using GE s DLN 2.6+ combustion system, the turbine can operate on gas fuel with up to 25% ethane content. The use of ethane-blended fuel at Moundsville Power could herald a new series of plants utilizing GE s 7F.04 gas turbines and unconventional, blended fuels, said Andrew Dorn Jr., a Managing Member of Moundsville Power. By allowing us to use lower-cost ethane-blended fuel, the turbine design and performance are crucial to the plant s financial and operational success. 37

40 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings 7E.03 GAS TURBINE (60 Hz) Versatility for Extreme Operating Environments The 7E.03 gas turbine is recognized as the industry leader for 60 Hz industrial power applications where reliability and availability are the most critical attributes. Its robust architecture and operational flexibility make it well suited for a variety of peaking, cyclic, and baseload applications. With state-of-the-art fuel handling equipment, multi-fuel combustion system options, and advanced gas path features, the 7E.03 gas turbine can accommodate a full range of fuel alternatives while delivering better efficiency and lower emissions than other technologies in its class. Whether providing raw horsepower to drive industrial and petrochemical processes or steady, reliable output for CHP operation, the 7E.03 keeps your operation running. Proven Performance 98.3% reliability more than 0.2% higher than the industry average equates to an additional 1,500+ MWh per year. 32,000-hour inspection intervals provides more than two extra days of operation per year. Exhaust energy profile and high mass flow enhance steam production in cogeneration applications. Millions of hours of operational experience on crude and residual oils. Tri- or dual-fuel capability for switching fuels, while running under load or during shutdown. Optional DLN 1+ combustion technology achieves industry-leading sub-3 ppm NOx without selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and meets the toughest emissions regulations. Simple Cycle 91 MW Output >51% COMBINED CYCLE EFFICIENCY 38

41 POWERing E.03 Frequency 60 SC Net Output (MW) 91 SC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 10,060 SC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 10,614 SC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 33.9% Exhaust Energy (MM Btu/hr) 584 Exhaust Energy (MM kj/hr) 616 GT Turndown Minimum Load (%) 35% GT Ramp Rate (MW/min) 7 NOx (ppmvd) at Baseload (@15% O2) 4 CO (ppm) at Min. Turndown w/o Abatement 25 Wobbe Variation (%) >+/- 30% Power Plant Configuration 1x1 MS 7E.03 CC Net Output (MW) 139 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,640 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 7,006 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 51.4% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 67% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 7 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 35 Power Plant Configuration 2x1 MS 7E.03 CC Net Output (MW) 281 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,580 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,942 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 51.9% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 33% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 15 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 35 Customer Success Story Increased natural gas production in the United States has producers looking for ways to get their natural gas to global markets. To serve this need, Dominion s Cove Point Liquefaction Project in Maryland, U.S.A. is modifying the existing liquefied natural gas (LNG) import terminal to become the first on the U.S. East Coast capable of importing and exporting LNG. At the heart of the liquefaction process will be two GE 7E.03 gas turbines driving the refrigeration compressors supplied by GE Oil & Gas. This single-train design will have the capacity to procure approximately 5.25 million metric tons per annum of LNG. With an installed fleet of over 800 units, the 7E.03 equipped with the DLN combustion system for reduced emissions is a proven, reliable performer. 39

42 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings 6F.03 GAS TURBINE (60 Hz) Advanced Technology for Decentralized Power Whether you need to generate power on-site or produce steam for petrochemical or DH operations, the 6F.03 heavy duty combined cycle gas turbine delivers high levels of efficiency, availability, flexibility, and reliability. Its high exhaust energy makes the 6F.03 gas turbine ideal for 50 or 60 Hz midsize combined cycle, industrial cogeneration, DH, and remote-processing applications. Durable, Compact Configuration for Diverse Applications Flexible layout, including lateral or axial air inlet and indoor or outdoor acoustic enclosures overcomes space constraints. Architected to perform in harsh and remote environments. Robust DLN 2.6 combustion system enables lower emissions less than 15 ppm NOx or 9 ppm CO and 32,000-hour combustion inspection intervals. Turndown to 52% turbine load with DLN 2.6 combustion results in fewer starts and lower fuel costs. Online transfer from natural gas to light distillate improves uptime. Multi-Nozzle Quiet Combustor (MNQC) accommodates syngas from 20 to 90% hydrogen; MNQC employing steam or nitrogen injection achieves less than 25 ppm NOx emissions on syngas. Simple Cycle 80 MW Output >55% COMBINED CYCLE EFFICIENCY Customer Success Story Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) is coupling exploration of new fields of unconventional gases with enhanced oil recovery techniques in existing fields such as Rabab Harweel. PDO selected GE s 6F.03 gas turbine to provide power and steam to the enhanced oil recovery operations because of its proven robust engineering, high availability and reliability. Flexibility also played a role: The 6F.03 can perform in extreme ambient conditions and with a wide range of fuels. In addition, the turbine improves operational efficiency and its 32,000 hour interval parts and inspections schedule supports a maintenance plan that synchronizes with other machinery, minimizing downtime. 40

43 POWERing F.03 Frequency 60 SC Net Output (MW) 80 SC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 9,470 SC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 9,991 SC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 36.0% Exhaust Energy (MM Btu/hr) 472 Exhaust Energy (MM kj/hr) 498 GT Turndown Minimum Load (%) 52% GT Ramp Rate (MW/min) 7 NOx (ppmvd) at Baseload (@15% O2) 15 CO (ppm) at Min. Turndown w/o Abatement 9 Wobbe Variation (%) +20%/-10% Power Plant Configuration 1x1 MS 6F.03 CC Net Output (MW) 123 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,170 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,510 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 55.3% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 59% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 7 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 45 Power Plant Configuration 2x1 MS 6F.03 CC Net Output (MW) 245 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,130 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,467 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 55.7% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 30% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 13 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 45 41

44 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings 6F.01 GAS TURBINE (60 Hz) Gas Turbine for the Most Efficient Combined Cycle/Cogeneration Below 100 MW The 6F.01 gas turbine achieves nearly 56% efficiency in 2x1 combined cycle arrangement, and more than 80% efficiency in cogeneration operation. Its 600 C exhaust temperature enables up to 140 bar high pressure steam for combined cycle power generation or cogeneration. Proven Experience with High Reliability and Availability 110,000 hours of operating experience on fleet leaders in Turkey with 99.2% reliability over past four years. Proven hot gas path and combustion materials featured on 7F.05, 9F.05 and H-class turbines supports higher temperatures. Proven DLN 2.5 combustion system with over a decade of operating experience. 16,000 hours CI/32,000 hours HGP/64,000 hours MI scheduled maintenance intervals. On-site removable compressor blade for increased reliability. Compact cold end drive configuration for new plants with hot end drive option for 6B flange-to-flange replacement solution brings more than 5 pts in efficiency improvement. Simple Cycle 51 MW Output >55% COMBINED CYCLE EFFICIENCY 42

45 POWERing F.01 Frequency 60 SC Net Output (MW) 51 SC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 8,980 SC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 9,474 SC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 38.0% Exhaust Energy (MM Btu/hr) 277 Exhaust Energy (MM kj/hr) 292 GT Min. Turndown Load (%) 40% GT Ramp Rate (MW/min) 12 NOx (ppmvd) at Baseload O2) 25 CO (ppm) at Min. Turndown w/o Abatement 9 Wobbe Variation (%) +/- 10% Power Plant Configuration 1x1 MS 6F.01 CC Net Output (MW) 75 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,120 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,457 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 55.8% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 53% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 12 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 30 Power Plant Configuration 2x1 MS 6F.01 CC Net Output (MW) 150 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,100 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,436 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 55.9% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 27% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 24 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 30 Customer Success Story When Huaneng Power Inc. (HPI) needed a proven, high-efficiency solution for its first distributed power project in the Guangxi region of China, GE s 6F.01 was their clear choice. With its unique combination of high efficiency and low emissions, this gas turbine is a reliable, environmentally friendly choice, ready to bring needed power and steam generation capability to the heart of the Guilin World Resort power plant. Having collaborated with GE on many projects over the years, HPI has confidence in GE s ability to bring the Guilin power plant online quickly to meet the growing energy needs of this popular tourist destination. 43

46 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings 6B.03 GAS TURBINE (60 Hz) Industrial-Strength, Field-Proven Reliability The rugged, reliable 6B.03 heavy duty gas turbine is a popular choice for refineries, natural gas liquefaction power, CHP applications, and industrial power. Its ability to operate in island mode, coupled with its 94.6% availability, make the 6B.03 an ideal solution for remote installations and extreme operating conditions far from the grid. With 99% reliability, proven and tested with more than 55 million operating hours, the 6B.03 provides cost-effective power you can count on. Dependable, Cost-Effective Solution Can accommodate the multiple start-ups required for seasonal CHP. Black start capability for volatile grid environments. Built to stay online in extreme and remote conditions. DLN combustion supports low-cost gas and liquid fuels, including process gases, low calorific gases, and up to 30% hydrogen, 100% ethane, 100% propane, and 50% nitrogen; standard combustion supports heavy oils, naphtha, bioethanol, methanol, synthetic gases, and steel mill gases. Pre-assembled gas turbine package with accessories for easier transport and faster site installation; 10 months from contract signature to commercial operation. Simple Cycle 44 MW Output >51% COMBINED CYCLE EFFICIENCY 44

47 POWERing B.03 Frequency 60 SC Net Output (MW) 44 SC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 10,180 SC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 10,740 SC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 33.5% Exhaust Energy (MM Btu/hr) 289 Exhaust Energy (MM kj/hr) 305 GT Turndown Minimum Load (%) 50% GT Ramp Rate (MW/min) 11 NOx (ppmvd) at Baseload O2) 4 CO (ppm) at Min. Turndown w/o Abatement 25 Wobbe Variation (%) >+/-30% Power Plant Configuration 1x1 MS 6B.03 CC Net Output (MW) 67 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,630 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,995 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 51.5% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 57% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 11 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 30 Power Plant Configuration 2x1 MS 6B.03 CC Net Output (MW) 135 CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,600 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,963 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 51.7% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 29% Ramp Rate (MW/min) 22 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) 30 Customer Success Story After 20 years of reliable service with a GE 6B gas turbine, Compañía Española de Petróleos (Cepsa) needed to enhance operations at its San Roque refinery in Spain and reduce the facility s environmental impact. Cepsa had first chosen the 6B as a reliable, fuel flexible solution with high exhaust energy and standard combustion features. The 6B could support production of process steam and electricity while utilizing both natural and process gas. In 2013, GE supplied two new 6B.03 gas turbines with enhanced performance and DLN combustion system to improve efficiency with reduced emissions. One of the 6B gas turbines has been operating successfully with up to 40% hydrogen since mid-2013, a first-of-its-kind accomplishment for DLN combustion. CEPSA and CEPSA logo are Trademarks registered in Spain and in other countries owned by Compañía Española de Petróleos, S.A.U. (CEPSA). All rights reserved. 45

48 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings FUELS AND COMBUSTION Technology Leadership With more than 4,500 heavy duty gas turbines installed around the world, GE knows the challenges faced by operators volatile fuel prices, variability in fuel sources, increasingly strict environmental regulations, and the need for more power generation flexibility. GE continually evolves its proven combustion systems, including the related accessory system hardware, to help customers enhance fuel utilization, reduce fuel costs, and enhance revenues. As a result, GE s versatile gas turbines operate on a variety of fuels, including gases with a wide range of heating values, like steel mill gases, syngas, lean methane fuels, natural gas, higher order hydrocarbons, and high hydrogen fuels. They also accommodate liquid fuels, including refined products, such as distillate and naphtha, and a range of ash bearing fuels, including light, medium, and heavy crude oils, as well as HFO. Utilization of a these fuels is important for a wide range of applications, including refineries, petrochemical plants, oil and gas production, and steel mills. Combustion System Fundamentals Modern gas turbines that utilize a wide variety of gaseous and liquid fuels must operate within a series of constraints, with NOx and CO emissions being the most recognizable. The formation of NOx compounds is dependent on the temperature of the reaction in the combustor. If fuel and air are allowed to mix in a stoichiometric proportion (a balanced chemical reaction), they will burn in a diffusion flame, similar to the flame of a candle, near the highest possible temperature of the reaction. A consequence of burning fuel at a high flame temperature is the production of a large amount of NOx. However, if extra air is introduced into the reaction, the resulting lean mixture will burn with a lower flame temperature and the reaction will generate significantly less NOx. This is known as lean combustion. In addition to developing combustion technologies that reduce emissions, GE s advanced gas turbine combustion systems mitigate the potential risk of combustion dynamics while simultaneously meeting other key operability requirements. The overall system configuration is a balance of parameters that require a deep domain expertise in fuel and combustion technology. Hydrogen (100%) PERCENT HYDROGEN (BY MASS) SynGas O 2 Blown Methanol Ethanol DME Weak Natural Gas Coke Oven Gas Sour Gas Natural Gas NGL LPG Butane Crude Oils ASL and Condensate Ethane Propane Naphtha Kerosene Biodiesels (B100) Distillate #2 Heavy Distillates Residual Fuel Methane LNG Refinery Offgas Blast Furnace Gas SynGas Airblown = Liquid Fuels = Gaseous Fuels SPECIFIC ENERGY (BY MASS) 46

49 POWERing 2015 Gas Turbine Combustion Systems GE has multiple combustion systems that can be applied across its gas turbine portfolio. Since the 1970s and 80s when GE introduced DLN, development programs have focused on evolutionary systems capable of meeting the extremely low NOx levels required to meet current and future regulations, while providing customers with a range of operational and fuel flexibility options. GE has DLN combustion systems available for all heavy duty gas turbines: The DLN1 and DLN1+ combustion systems are available on B- and E-class gas turbines. The DLN2 family of combustion systems (DLN2.5, DLN2.6, DLN2.6+, DLN2.6+AFS) is available on F- and HA-class gas turbines. DLN1/DLN1+ The DLN1 and DLN1+ combustion systems are proven technology platforms that help power plant operators meet increasingly strict environmental standards, while providing operational and fuel flexibility. Installed on more than 870 B- and E-class gas turbines globally. More than 28 million operating hours, including more than 730,000 fired hours on the DLN1+ combustion system. DLN 1+ system guarantees NOx emissions of 5 ppm or less for GE s 6B, 7E and 9E gas turbines. Highly fuel flexible and capable of operating on a wide variety of gas fuels, including gases with high ethane and propane content, as well as distillate oil and other liquid fuels. Available in a gas only or dual fuel configuration. DLN2 The DLN2 family of combustion systems enables GE s F- and HA-class gas turbines to reduce NOx emissions while extending outage intervals. GE s DLN2.6+ combustion system, which is the base combustion configuration on the 7F, 9F and HA gas turbines, has been installed globally on more than 75 gas turbines and has accumulated over 1.4 million fired hours. Installed on more than 1,150 gas turbines globally. Over 26 million operating hours; proven operational experience in providing customers with a multitude of benefits, including increased operational and fuel flexibility, reduced emissions, extended intervals, and higher performance while maintaining life cycle costs. Can operate on a wide variety of gas and liquid fuels. Available in gas only and dual fuel configurations. Diffusion Flame In addition to the DLN combustion systems, GE offers two diffusion flame combustion systems for use in non-traditional fuel applications: Single nozzle. Multi-nozzle quiet combustors (MNQC). GE s diffusion flame combustion systems have been installed on more than 1,700 gas turbines, providing robust power generation solutions using a variety of non-traditional fuels for more than 30 years. Applications include refineries, steel mills, petrochemical plants, IGCC power plants, as well as power in a variety of oil and gas settings. More than 270 E-class gas turbines configured with the single nozzle combustor operating on HFO. Single nozzle and multi-nozzle combustors have been installed on more than 50 B-, E-, and F-class gas turbines in low calorific gas applications, such as syngas, blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, and other process gases. These units have accumulated more than 2.1 million operating hours, with the fleet leader in this application space having more than 100,000 fired hours. DLN1/DLN1+ DLN2.6+ Fuel Handling Systems Diffusion Flame Combustors As a world leader in the development of gas turbine combustion system technology, GE is not only focused on delivering quality system hardware, but also on systems and components for cleaning and conditioning fuel prior to combustion in the gas turbine. With the largest fleet of gas turbines operating on non-traditional fuels, GE s flexible fuel solutions outperform comparable technologies in both efficiency and reliability. Heating Maintain desired viscosity, keep waxes in solution, and provide performance heating. Cleaning Remove harmful contaminants and entrained particulates. Drying Remove entrained moisture and condensates. Blending Mix fuel streams to precondition alternative fuels for combustion and to maintain consistent Wobbe value. Additives Apply to ash-bearing liquid fuels to inhibit or mitigate the corrosive effects of vanadium, or to liquid fuels low in natural lubricity. 47

50 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Topping Cycle Offerings Fuel Flexibility For more than 50 years, GE has developed close collaborative relationships with owners, operators, and fuel suppliers, with the goals of understanding new fuel trends, expanding fuel flex capabilities for existing fuels, qualifying new fuels, and actively investing in new combustion technologies. This legacy of fuel flexibility has led to GE having the broadest experience in the industry to reliably convert the full spectrum of fuels to mechanical, electrical, and thermal energy. GE s model-based gas turbine control systems provide real time, closed-loop tuning of the combustion system, which allows for stable operation even as gaseous fuel energy content varies. Liquid fuels include refined products, such as distillate and naphtha, and a range of ash bearing fuels, including light, medium, and heavy crude oils, as well as HFO. GE gas turbines have operated on more than 52 different fuel types. Over 7,000,000 operating hours on heavy fuels, more than 25 combined cycle plants operating with crude/residual. More than 140 GE gas turbines operating on various alternative gases (refinery off-gases and industrial by-product gases, syngas), and almost 400 GE gas turbines are burning liquids other than diesel oil, such as crude oil, residual fuels, or naphtha. More than 50 GE gas turbines operating on low-btu fuels and these turbines have accumulated more than 2.1 million operating hours, including over 400,000 fired hours on F-class units. GE is the only gas turbine manufacturer running F-class machines on Arabian Super Light (ASL) crude oil. Fuel Flex Matrix 6B 7E/9E 6F.01 6F.03 7F.04 7F.05 9F (.03/.04/.05) 7HA (.01/.02) 9HA (.01/.02) GASSES High C2+ (Ethane, etc.) LPG Natural Gas LNG H2 Blends Lean Methane (weak NG) High H2 Syngas (O2 blown) Blast Furnace Gas (BFG) Coke Oven Gas (COG) Sour Gas LIQUIDS Distillate Oil (#2) Naphtha Condensate (NGL) Biodiesel (GE DO#2 spec) Alcohols (i.e. Ethanol) Kerosene Dimethyl Ether (DME) Light Crude Oil (ASL) Medium Crude Oil Heavy Crude Oil Heavy Fuel Oil (residual) 48

51 POWERing 2015 Combustor installation, GE s Greenville Manufacturing Facility, Greenville, SC, U.S.A. 49

52 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Bottoming Cycle Offerings BOTTOMING CYCLE OFFERINGS Overview of Scope and Considerations GE s bottoming cycles convert gas turbine exhaust energy to electrical power and heat energy (in CHP application) in the most cost conscious and economical ways. Understanding that the bottoming cycle represents about 70% of the plant cost however only provides about 33% of the plant power output, GE s configurations consider a multitude of operating conditions to provide the highest customer value in terms of performance and cost. Major bottoming cycle system components include the HRSG and steam turbine. These components can be arranged in an array of configurations to provide a system that balances fuel cost, duty cycle, and other economic and operability requirements. System configurations include single pressure, multiple pressure, reheat and non-reheat cycles, as well as single and multiple shaft arrangements with the gas turbine. GE s bottoming cycles typically utilize unfired, drum type HRSGs that feature modular construction with a finned-tube heat transfer surface and natural circulation evaporators. Options for power augmentation with supplemental firing, post gas turbine emissions reduction, and simple cycle bypass operation are also available within the HRSG. Each gas turbine exhausts to a dedicated HRSG that meets specific combined cycle system operating requirements that are defined by GE s rigorous specification. GE s broad product line of steam turbines complements the gas turbine offerings and provides flexibility to deliver world-class performance and value for almost every bottoming cycle. This is accomplished through use of pre-engineered long-lead modules that fit a large application space of customized steam paths. Most steam paths use High Efficiency Advanced Technology (HEAT*) features and accommodate up to 2,465 psi (170 bar)/1,112 F (600 C) inlet steam. GE s large family of modern last stage buckets allow performance alignment to the site specific cooling/heat rejection systems. GE s configurations consider a multitude of operating conditions to provide the highest customer value in terms of performance and cost. 50

53 POWERing 2015 Duke Energy, V.H. Braunig Power Station, San Antonio, TX, U.S.A. 51

54 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Bottoming Cycle Offerings 52 Luojing Baosteel Group LTD., Industrial Steel Mill, Shanghai, China

55 POWERing 2015 HRSG CONSIDERATIONS The HRSG is a critical component in the bottoming cycle of a combined cycle power plant, providing the thermodynamic link between GE s gas turbines and steam turbines. GE s combined cycle power plants utilize HRSGs with small diameter, high fin density heat transfer sections matched to the fuels and emissions equipment requirements. HRSGs operating in the sub-critical pressure range utilize a drum-type, natural circulation evaporator with a long established pedigree for reliable operation. For those configurations operating in the super-critical pressure range, GE will utilize either forced circulation or once-through steam generator sections. Regardless of the HRSG configuration, the proper engineering is required to assure desired operating flexibility and capability. Since the HRSG is configured based on bottoming cycle application, there are numerous options that can be incorporated to meet project specific requirements such as supplementary firing, SCR for NOx abatement, CO catalyst for emissions reduction, and exhaust gas bypass systems for applications that require simple cycle gas turbine operation in a combined cycle installation. GE S HRSG Configuration Includes: Flexible tube support systems to enable fast startup and load following capabilities. Geometry, wall thickness, and materials are carefully selected with a particular focus on high-pressure superheaters and reheaters. High grade steels reduce drum wall thickness. Multiple drum penetrations in lieu of single penetrations decrease thermal stress in critical connections. Liberally sized steam drums for operating conditions, startup and shutdown transients, and low pressure drums for an operational buffer in the event of a boiler feed pump trip. Fuel flexibility features such as economizer bypass, pressure controls, and economizer recirculation systems enable management of component temperatures above water and exhaust gas dewpoint. Stack closure dampers retain heat to facilitate rapid restart following overnight and weekend shutdowns. 53

56 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Bottoming Cycle Offerings STEAM TURBINE Portfolio and Overview Power and Performance A world leader in the development and application of steam turbine technology, GE has shipped more than 10,000 units totaling over 600 GW since Our combined cycle steam turbines are specifically configured to contribute to highly efficient and cost effective applications when paired with GE gas turbines. Solutions to Meet Your Power Needs GE s combined cycle steam turbines accommodate a broad range of site conditions and operational needs while providing the performance needed in today s demanding energy environment. GE works with customers from the earliest stages of the project, through construction, commissioning, and operation to provide a highly efficient and cost effective turbine that integrates smoothly with the gas turbine and overall plant operations. Experience, Strength, and Stability Built upon more than a century of steam turbine experience, GE s steam turbines are manufactured with high quality materials and craftsmanship. Modular product configurations deliver customization options with reliable, proven components. Combined Cycle Steam Turbines PRODUCT REHEAT Up to 2,400 psi/165 bar Up to 1,112 F/600 C REHEAT Up to 1,800 psi/124 bar Up to 1,112 F/600 C NON-REHEAT Up to 1,800 psi/103 bar Up to 1,000 F/538 C GE ST-D650 GE ST-D600 GE ST-A650 GE ST-D400 GE ST-A450 GE ST-D200 GE ST-A200 Up to 42.5% Efficiency Up to 42.0% Efficiency Up to 41.5% Efficiency Up to 40.0% Efficiency Up to 39.5% Efficiency Up to 37.0% Efficiency Up to 36.2% Efficiency Output (MW) 54

57 POWERing 2015 Advanced Technology Features High Efficiency Steam Paths High reaction and impulse steam path technology allows for the proper high efficiency technology for steam conditions. High reaction 3D airfoils in both buckets and nozzles increase efficiency; free vortex flow improves aerodynamics. Integral cover buckets with continuous contacting surfaces provide superior damping. Blinglet nozzle constructions provide individually adjustable radial clearances as well as predictable and controllable throat area. Advanced Sealing Features Shaft and tip brush seals improve leakage control. Abradable coatings on stationary seals enable radial clearance reduction, which reduces long-term degradation. Broad Family of Highly Efficient Last Stage Blades Full tip shroud with integral sealing features reduce leakage loss. Enhanced tip section with low shock loss. Aerodynamic part span connector. Increased root reaction improves off-design performance. Advanced radial vortexing improves performance and hood integration over a range of loads. Low Pressure (LP) Section Side exhaust configuration lowers turbine centerline to about 16 feet. Shortened hood and inner casing developed through a comprehensive testing program. 55

58 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Bottoming Cycle Offerings A200 STEAM TURBINE (Non-Reheat) Axial Exhaust, Combined Cycle Steam Turbine GE s A200 steam turbine is a compact, single casing turbine for 50 and 60 Hz non-reheat steam cycle applications. Its opposed flow high pressure (HP) and low pressure (LP) sections reduce the required thrust bearing size and associated performance losses. Both the HP and LP sections utilize high reaction steam path technology for increased efficiency and single shaft configurations incorporate a clutch that enables operational flexibility. For two-pressure non-reheat cycles, the A200 steam turbine has available flow admission capability at the exit of the HP flow path. The A200 steam turbine is also capable of multiple flow extractions if required for process applications. Compact and Robust; Ideal for Bottoming Cycle Add-Ons Main steam inlet pressure up to 1600 psi (110 bar) and temperature up to 1,050 F (565 C). Ships fully assembled, enabling a four-month installation cycle from arrival on-site to turning gear. Standard axial exhaust enables a lower equipment foundation height; downward facing exhaust is available as an option. LP section utilizes moisture removal features to protect the last stage buckets from erosion and to improve LP section efficiency. Features include moisture removal grooves along the leading edge of the LP blades and moisture extraction slots in the LP casing MW Output UP TO 36.2% EFFICIENCY 56

59 POWERing 2015 D200 STEAM TURBINE (Non-Reheat) Double-Flow LP Section, Combined Cycle Steam Turbine GE s D200 steam turbine is a two casing turbine for 50 and 60 Hz non-reheat steam cycle applications. Employed in both multi-shaft and single-shaft applications, single-shaft configurations incorporate a clutch that enables operational flexibility. Both HP and LP sections utilize high reaction steam path technology for increased efficiency. For two-pressure non-reheat cycles, the D200 steam turbine has available flow admission at the exit of the HP section. The D200 steam turbine is also capable of multiple flow extractions if required for process applications. Delivering Cost Effective Performance Main steam inlet pressure up to 1,800 psi (124 bar) and temperature up to 1,050 F (565 C). HP section is shipped fully assembled, enabling a five-month installation cycle from start to finish. Standard double-flow LP section side exhaust saves on plant cost by enabling a lower equipment foundation height when compared to downward facing exhaust configuration; downward facing exhaust is also available as an option. LP section utilizes moisture removal features, such as moisture removal grooves along the leading edge of the LP blades and moisture extraction slots in the LP casing. These features protect the last stage buckets from erosion, as well as improve LP section efficiency MW Output UP TO 37.0% EFFICIENCY 57

60 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Bottoming Cycle Offerings A450/A650 STEAM TURBINES (Reheat) Axial Exhaust, High Efficiency, Combined Cycle Steam Turbines GE s A450 and A650 combined cycle steam turbines deliver performance, reliability, and up to 41.5% shaft efficiency for today s 50 and 60 Hz applications. They can be applied in both single-shaft and multi-shaft combined cycle plants, and the single-shaft configuration incorporates a clutch that enables operational flexibility. These turbines consist of a separate HP section and combined intermediate pressure (IP) and LP sections. Meeting your Needs Main steam inlet pressures up to 2,400 psi (165 bar) with main steam inlet (and reheat temperatures) up to 1,112 F (600 C). Compact, cost effective configurations in both single-shaft and multi-shaft configurations. Fully assembled HP and IP/LP sections reduce installation time by up to three months. Wide range of last stage bucket sizes up to 45 inch (1,143 mm) for 60 Hz, and 55 inch (1,397 mm) for 50 Hz; these sizes enable the application of GE s A450 and A650 turbines over a wide range of condenser pressures for any plant cooling configuration MWOutput UP TO 41.5% EFFICIENCY 58

61 POWERing 2015 D400/D600 STEAM TURBINES (Reheat) Double-Flow LP Section, Combined Cycle Steam Turbine GE s D400 and D600 steam turbines primarily support F-class and H-class gas turbine combined cycle plants. They were developed for high efficiency power generation in large single-shaft or multi-shaft plants, and for sites with low condenser pressure. GE s D-type steam turbines feature a combined HP and IP section and either one or two double-flow LP sections. Architecture for Reliable Performance Main steam inlet pressures up to 2,400 psi (165 bar) with main steam inlet (and reheat temperatures) up to 1,112 F (600 C). Combined HP/IP section for a compact footprint and high power density. One or two LP, double-flow modules for sites with low condenser pressure allows the steam turbine to meet site specific conditions for enhanced performance. Side-flow or down-flow exhaust LP section configurations provide plant layout flexibility. Wide range of last stage bucket sizes up to 45 inch (1,143 mm) for 60 Hz, and 55 inch (1,397 mm) for 50 Hz; these sizes enable the application of GE s D400 and D600 steam turbines over a wide range of condenser pressures. Compact and cost effective single-shaft and multi-shaft configurations, and the single-shaft configuration incorporating a clutch that enables plant operational flexibility and maintainability MW Output UP TO 42% EFFICIENCY 59

62 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Bottoming Cycle Offerings D650 STEAM TURBINE (Reheat) Three Casing, Double-Flow LP Section, Combined Cycle Steam Turbine GE s highest-performing combined cycle steam turbine, the D650, is ideally suited for 50 and 60 Hz F-class and H-class gas turbine power plants that have high fuel costs and high annual hours of operation. It delivers top performance, reliability, and availability in today s demanding energy environment. The D650 is available in both single-shaft and multi-shaft configurations, with the single-shaft configuration incorporating a clutch that enables operational flexibility. The D650 turbine consists of separate HP, IP, and either one or two double-flow LP sections. Configured for High Fuel Hour Applications Main steam inlet pressures up to 2,400 psi (165 bar) with main steam inlet (and reheat temperatures) up to 1,112 F (600 C). Reduced bearing spans enable tighter clearances and sealing control between turbine sections to lower leakage flows, thereby improving efficiency. Drum rotor construction features stationary nozzles called blinglets, that improve aerodynamics and nozzle area control for increased efficiency. The two-flow, single-side exhaust configuration allows for ground-level connections of the LP hood into the lateral condenser, reduces the center-line height of the plant, and enables the balance of plant equipment to be positioned on one side for ease of maintenance. LP section shares the same hood and bearing span for a wide range of condenser pressures. This allows for one common plant shaft line length and supports a standard plant arrangement, reducing foundation and plant construction costs. Last stage buckets up to 45 inch (1,143mm) for 60 Hz, and 55 inch (1,397 mm) for 50 Hz, with enhanced dovetail configuration improve bucket aerodynamics. Integration of a self-synchronizing clutch improves operational flexibility by reducing auxiliary steam requirements during start-up cycles, with the gas turbine reaching 85% load in less than 20 minutes under hot start conditions MW Output UP TO 42.5% EFFICIENCY 60

63 POWERing

64 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Heat Rejection Considerations HEAT REJECTION SYSTEM CONSIDERATIONS Overview and Comparison The heat rejection system is a major consideration for the engineering of the bottoming cycle and has a significant impact on overall plant efficiency. The site characteristics determine what type of condenser and heat rejection system is employed. Condensers are heat exchangers that operate at sub-atmospheric pressures (vacuum) to condense steam turbine exhaust back into feedwater for the HRSG. A colder cooling fluid creates a better vacuum allowing more steam expansion through the turbine which delivers increased power output. Condensers can be water or air cooled. Water cooled condensers are further divided into those served directly with once through sea, river, or lake water and those cooled with water in mechanical or natural draft cooling towers. Applications Once-Through Cooling Tower Air Cooled Coastal or waterside locations without access restrictions Locations where sufficient make-up water is available Locations where water access is prohibited or uneconomical Advantages Enables highest plant efficiency Enables lowest condenser pressures Smallest footprint Lowest cost Plant location not limited to waterside sites Better performance than air cooled Lower cost than air cooled Use of air eliminates the corrosion, filtration, treatment and other burdens associated with water Fewest siting and regulatory restrictions Disadvantages Requires direct access to a body of water Highest regulatory burdens Requires significant amounts of make-up water Large footprint Least efficient Ambient conditions impact size and effectiveness Largest footprint Highest cost 62

65 POWERing 2015 Lakeland Electric, McIntosh Power Plant, Lakeland, FL, U.S.A. 63

66 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Electrical Conversion Offerings 64

67 POWERing 2015 ELECTRICAL CONVERSION OFFERINGS Overview of Scope and Considerations GE s combined cycle power plant approach ensures that plant systems and major equipment selections are customized for a cost effective application. In the case of the electrical conversion system, this includes generators, electrical performance, output, cooling medium, mechanical configuration, installation, and maintenance. The GE generator product line is divided into three classifications based on the cooling method: water, hydrogen, and air. Air cooling is the least complex method of cooling for lower output ratings and has the added benefit of ease of maintenance. The hydrogen cooled generator is completely sealed for operation with hydrogen gas as the cooling medium. The water cooled generator combines the architecture of a hydrogen cooled unit with direct armature winding cooling via deionized water passed through the stator bars. This enhances power density, which provides higher output and industry-leading efficiency in a smaller package. Most GE generators can be configured for multi-shaft or single-shaft operation with line side terminals exiting the machine in either top or bottom arrangements, depending on what best suits plant configuration and layout. All combined cycle generators applied to gas turbine prime movers have provisions to accommodate static start features to achieve plant startup rates. When considering generator performance it is important to look at how reactances handle system transients and protect plant equipment. To do this, accessories are configured to meet plant performance while reducing the size of these components. Regional considerations, including fuel costs, local environmental conditions or lack of hydrogen availability, will drive generator cooling medium decisions. Interconnect agreements and grid characteristics and the connection point must also be considered. Plant configurations such as steam turbine exhaust direction will establish power train centerline heights and decisions on the most appropriate configuration. All of the combined cycle integration decisions also take into account ease of installation and maintainability of the equipment to provide a healthy return to the customer throughout the plant s entire life cycle. The GE generator product line is divided into three classifications based on the cooling method: water, hydrogen, and air. 65

68 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Electrical Conversion Offerings GENERATOR Portfolio and Overview GE takes generator performance seriously and builds machines to demanding specifications that keep customers on the leading edge of efficient, reliable output. Systems install fast, integrate easily, and deliver the power needed with more uptime. With more than 10,000 generators shipped around the world serving diverse applications, GE understands the operational challenges and offers a complete Cooling Technologies GE GEN-A (air cooled) generators are an ideal choice for power system applications that demand simple, flexible operation. GE GEN-H (hydrogen cooled) generators, with low gas density, high specific heat, and high thermal conductivity, are excellent for high efficiency applications. GE GEN-W (water cooled) generators are efficient, operate within a small footprint when high output requirements exceed the cooling capabilities of air cooled or conventional hydrogen cooled generators. GE GEN-W GE GEN-H GE GEN-A 60 Hz 50 Hz 60 Hz 50 Hz 220 MVA 50 Hz 335 MVA 60 Hz 630 MVA 590 MVA 800 MVA 890 MVA Innovation and Proven Technology for Reliable Operation Stator 1 One-piece stator frame configuration eases installation and alignment while high-strength isolation system construction promotes low structural vibration. 2 GE s Tetraloc* end-winding technology helps maintain mechanical integrity throughout the generator s operating life. Rotor 3 Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses improve overall performance in a simplified radially cooled field winding configuration. Armature Insulation System 4 Micapal III* stator bar insulation technology enables higher power density with advanced voltage stress and thermal conductivity capabilities for greater armature performance. Flexible Terminal Lead Arrangements 5 All generator models are available with either leads-up or leads-down arrangement to complement GE steam turbines with axial or side exhausts and capture the value of reduced centerline height foundations

69 POWERing 2015 range of configurations and cooling technologies to help meet unique performance specs. GE fully integrates our engineering with manufacturing and life cycle services solutions, to keep customers operations reliable and available. H8 MODEL Modular Generator Architecture Constant cross-section core segments achieve higher product ratings. Each additional step is run through comprehensive model engineering rigor to ensure all electrical and mechanical specifications are met. Common end components drive greater spare parts efficiency, interchangeability, and maintenance familiarity. H MW H MW H MW H MW H MW (50 Hz) 67

70 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Electrical Conversion Offerings Cooling Type Frequency Generator Model Output (MVA) Voltage (kv) 50 Hz GE GEN-A GE GEN-A GE GEN-A GE GEN-A Air 60 Hz GE GEN-A GE GEN-A GE GEN-A GE GEN-A GE GEN-A GE GEN-A GE GEN-A GE GEN-A Hydrogen 50 Hz 60 Hz GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H GE GEN-H Water 50 Hz 60 Hz GE GEN-W GE GEN-W GE GEN-W GE GEN-W GE GEN-W GE GEN-W GE GEN-W GE GEN-W GE GEN-W GE GEN-W GE GEN-W

71 POWERing 2015 AIR COOLED GENERATOR Increased Performance GE s air cooled generators are an ideal choice for power system applications that require efficiency, simplicity, and flexibility in operation. Built on a heritage of more than 100 years of operational experience, GE s air cooled generators accommodate up to 335 MVA and feature compact modular architectures with totally enclosed water to air (TEWAC) or open ventilated (OV) cooling configurations for up to 98.7% efficiency. Easy Installation and Maintenance Option to ship fully assembled for ease of handling and installation. Continuously adjustable alignment without shims and with a fixator system for ease of installation and maintenance. Robust configuration handles a full range of environmental conditions, including weather extremes and environmental contaminants. Frequency 50 Hz 60 Hz Power Factor Apparent Power 50 MVA to 220 MVA 50 MVA to 335 MVA Efficiency Up to 98.7% Up to 98.7% Terminal Voltage 11.5 kv to 15.8 kv 13.8 kv to 19.0 kv 69

72 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Electrical Conversion Offerings HYDROGEN COOLED GENERATOR Highly Efficient Hydrogen s low gas density, high specific heat, and high thermal conductivity enable the highest efficiency generators in GE s portfolio. Hydrogen cooled generators use proven technologies and advanced materials to deliver over 98.9% efficiency. They are well suited for combined cycle or simple cycle applications on both steam and gas turbines. Advanced Technology for Reliability and Performance Automated hydrogen gas control and sealing, enabled by the Mark VIe Control System, which also reduces the need for manual intervention in efficient accessories operation. Upgraded end shield reduces deflection for improved seal system performance; accommodates increased drive train axial expansion and improves access to seal casing and bearing housing for ease of maintenance. Parts commonality applied to both the gas and steam turbines lowers inventory carrying costs and enables more efficient outage management. Frequency 50 Hz 60 Hz Power Factor Apparent Power 300 MVA to 590 MVA 240 MVA to 630 MVA Efficiency Up to 99% Up to 99% Terminal Voltage 15.8 kv to 21.0 kv 18.0 kv to 25.0 kv 70

73 POWERing 2015 WATER COOLED GENERATOR Tailored to Individual Applications GE s water cooled generators are exceptionally well suited to large power station applications where output requirements exceed the cooling capabilities of air cooled or conventional hydrogen cooled options. This reliable generator incorporates the most advanced technology and robust construction for enhanced operability and ease of maintenance. Advanced Technology for Reliability and Performance GE s advanced brazing technology provides the most reliable water cooled bar in the industry. Automated hydrogen gas control and sealing, enabled by the Mark VIe Control System, which also reduces the need for manual intervention in efficient accessories operation. Parts commonality applied to both the gas and steam turbines lowers inventory carrying costs and enables more efficient outage management. Frequency 50 Hz 60 Hz Power Factor Apparent Power 590 MVA to 890 MVA 630 MVA to 800 MVA Efficiency Up to 99% Up to 99% Terminal Voltage 16.5 kv to 22.0 kv 19.0 kv to 24.0 kv 71

74 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Plant Integration and Controls PLANT INTEGRATION Application Capability and Modeling As a manufacturer of gas turbines, steam turbines, and generators, GE brings unique insight into system integration through domain expertise and knowledge of how to best take advantage of application flexibility in major power generation equipment. Quantitative analysis using steady-state mass and heat balance models provides the basis for determining power plant system output and heat rate. GE uses a combination of in-house and customized third party software, modified with proprietary GE methods that are based on decades of combined cycle experience and performance testing data. For situations involving challenging transient behavior, GE can perform dynamic simulation studies as part of an extended scope plant project. These studies aid in defining complex controls and automated sequences while reducing the time spent on debugging during plant commissioning. The result is combined cycle systems with bankable performance, and system and equipment configurations that best meet customer needs by incorporating component sizing and characterization appropriate for expected operating conditions. GE offers customers pre-order support, including plant emissions estimates for permitting purposes. Startup curves with key plant and unit parameters are available for combined cycle plants in various configurations. FUELS POWER Gases Natural gas blast furnace gases to hydrogen Oil Light distillates to heavy residuals Electrical Mechanical Thermal Capacity (MW) Energy (MWh) Ancillary Services Compressor Drive (hp) Heat to Industrial Process District Heating Thermal Desalination Peaking Mid Merit Base Load 72

75 POWERing 2015 In addition to performing equipment application and system optimization for traditional power generation only projects, GE also has a wealth of experience with process integrated power plant equipment and systems such as gas turbine mechanical drive applications and a variety of CHP/cogeneration applications. Applications Electrical Power Generation Mechanical Drive CHP/District Heating Integrated plants (IWPP, IGCC, and ISCC) Primary Considerations Optimal output and heat rate Most competitive cost of electricity Fuel flexibility Shaft horsepower fit for process High reliability Extended maintenance intervals Net heat to process for steam generation High reliability Condensing and non-condensing steam turbines Steam turbines with controlled and uncontrolled extractions Integrated system controls Net heat to process for steam generation Combustion system compatibility HRSG/process steam integration Condensing and non-condensing steam turbines Steam turbines with controlled and uncontrolled extractions Integrated system controls 73

76 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Plant Integration and Controls GE CONTROLS AND SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS Overview of Control System Architecture Modern power plants provide far more data and create far more actionable information, making them much more efficient than in the past. Advanced sensors and smarter instrumentation provide additional opportunities to utilize big data in the form of informational and actionable analytics. Leveraging and driving these trends, GE has grown its portfolio of controls, software, and analytics offerings to meet the needs of the digital power plants of the future. GE has been making control systems for more than 100 years and has been providing integrated plant controls for a broad range of applications since The industry continues to demand higher plant-level performance and operator efficiency. To support these needs, the modular architecture of the Mark VIe Control System allows for mission-specific turbine control within the same environment as an open plant control. The single platform enables comprehensive, integrated automation for improved performance and reliability. As illustrated below, there are various elements throughout the power plant that make up the control system infrastructure. These elements work together to create the central nervous system of the power plant. GE focuses on intuitiveness, simplicity, and efficiency, offering everything from HMIs to mobile apps to make controls easier and more convenient. Control System Components 8 Mobile Devices Wearables Firewall/Router Mobile Use Customer LAN Plant Data Highway 4 8 Software Applications 6 EWS Historian Gateway 5 8 Engineering OSM & OnSite Gateway Security ST Control Room Unit Data Highway LS2100e Bently EX2100e Mark VIe EX2100e Static Nevada Excitation ST Excitation Starter Controls Mark VIe HRSG Controls Mark VIe Utilities Controls Mark VIe EDS 3 TC HMI Mark VIe SIL Generator Generator GT Panel Protection Protection Controls Panel Panel TC HMI Mark VIe BOP Controls Water Treatment CEMS T&D Gas Turbines Steam Turbines Balance of Plant 74

77 POWERing Turbine Control Panel GE provides turbine control panels for all gas turbines and steam turbines as part of the standard offering. The brains of the turbine control are the CPU modules, while the turbine control connects to the rest of the plant instrumentation through its I/O interface modules. The Mark VIe Control System includes modular components with an Ethernet backbone, which allows for a long life cycle; technology is infused into the platform as needed. Turbine control panels are customized to meet the specific needs of each application, particularly controller redundancy and I/O type. GE has developed an intelligent dual control architecture to replace triple modular redundant (TMR) on specific gas turbine frame sizes and, where applicable, on associated steam turbines. The philosophy of intelligent dual is to use dual CPUs and dual I/O networks, and to let sensor and device redundancy be determined by application needs. For protection and safety systems, sensor redundancy remains triplicated to enhance tripping reliability. For many other instruments in the power plant, sensor redundancy can be reduced with the inclusion of a surrogate model and soft fault detection in software without impacting reliability. Some of the benefits of an intelligent dual system are lower installed cost, lower maintenance cost (less equipment to calibrate and maintain), improved running reliability, lower failure rate, I/O density reduction in the control panels, and overall simplification of firmware related to controlling dual platforms. 6B.03 6F.01 6F.03 7E.03 7F.04 7F.05 7HA.01 7HA.02 9E.03 9E.04 9F.03 9F.05 9HA.01 9HA.02 TMR X X X X X O O O X X X X X O Dual X X X X X Standard offering O Optional offering Traditionally, all instruments in the power plant were hard-wired back to the control panel. As more smart devices and instrumentation became available, digital bus interfaces were incorporated. These interfaces provide a lower overall installed cost due to the significant reduction of wires and terminations; they also simplify the commissioning process. All of the below listed digital bus protocols provide significantly more diagnostics directly to the controller, allowing for faster troubleshooting and preventative maintenance. CANopen is a fast digital bus protocol used when electrically actuated valves are included in the power plant configuration. Profibus DP is a digital bus protocol that GE uses for electrical integration when Smart MCC s are included in the power plant design FOUNDATION Fieldbus is a digital bus protocol for process control instruments. 6B.03 6F.01 6F.03 7E.03 7F.04 7F.05 7HA.01 7HA.02 9E.03 9E.04 9F.03 9F.05 9HA.01 9HA.02 Hard-wired X X X X X X X X X X X X X X CANopen X X X X X Profibus X X X X FFB X X X X 2 Mark VIeS Safety Controller In addition to the turbine control panel, a Mark VIeS Safety controller can be provided. This is not a turbine control on its own, however, it can be applied for SIL certification of specific safety-critical protection loops within a turbine control or burner management, emergency shutdown, and fire and gas applications in the balance of plant. The Mark VIeS Safety Controller is essentially a locked configuration that does not permit changes to the safety-certified hardware or software, while the main Mark VIe turbine control can be reprogrammed and configured as needed for each site. Mark VIeS Safety Controller and Mark VIe Control Systems share a common architecture and software tools to simplify plant operations and maintenance. 75

78 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Plant Integration and Controls 3 Plant Controls The Mark VIe Plant Control System (DCS) is offered when GE provides an extended scope plant package beyond the gas turbine or steam turbine. The system is based on the Mark VIe platform and takes advantage of remote I/O and controllers for the HRSG and other balance of plant mechanical and electrical equipment. It integrates the gas turbine, steam turbine, HRSG and balance of plant, providing a seamless operator interface, alarm management, data archiving, automatic startup and shutdown control, plant load control, data reporting and communication to other plant-level applications. A full complement of control room equipment creates an effective operator environment and a one system approach reduces multi-system complexities. The Mark VIe Plant Control System is easy to install, commission, operate, and maintain. 4 Control Software Applications The combination of GE s controls hardware architecture and software applications enables the performance, operability, and availability of the plant s turbine, generator, and power plant equipment. The control system delivers GE s OEM expertise in the form of advanced control and protection algorithms that allow the equipment to run closer to design basis and thereby improve efficiency, emissions, turndown capability, fuel flexibility, grid transient response, and more. Each gas turbine, steam turbine, and plant controller has core controls software that operates the power plant, provides protection for the power plant equipment, and enables supervisory monitoring and analytics. In addition to core functionality, GE has developed advanced software applications to improve overall operability, and adapt to changing needs. These advanced applications form GE s OpFlex technology portfolio, and provide the following benefits: Quick power delivery in response to changing grid demands. Avoidance of equipment limitations that prevent power plants from capitalizing on emerging opportunities. Elimination of slow, inefficient startups and their associated costs. Cost effective means of staying online. Ability to meet more demand and to generate revenue through ancillary services. Reduction of emissions events and potentially costly compliance penalties that can result. Expansion of plant operating window. The below table includes all of the additional software features that are either standard or provided as options. Detailed descriptions of each software feature are included in the Appendix. 6B.03 6F.01 6F.03 7E.03 7F.04 7F.05 7HA.01 7HA.02 9E.03/.04 9F.03/.04 9F.05 9HA.01 9HA.02 OpFlex Startup Agility Solutions GT Fast Start O O O O O O O O O GT Purge Credit N/A O N/A O O X X N/A O O O O GT Variable Load Path N/A N/A N/A O OpFlex Combustion Versatility Solutions Grid: Enhanced Transient Stability X X X X X X X X X X Tuning: AutoTune LT O O N/A N/A N/A N/A O N/A N/A Tuning: AutoTune DX O O O O X X X X O O O X X Tuning: AutoTune MX O OpFlex Load Flexibility Solutions Output: Variable Airflow O O O O O O O O O Output: Variable Peak Fire O O O O O O O O O O O O O Output: Cold Day Performance O X X X X O O X X Responsiveness: Fast Ramp O O O O O O O O Responsiveness: Grid Services Package O O O O O O O O O O O O O Turndown: Extended Turndown O X X X X X Efficiency: Variable Inlet Bleed Heat X X X O O X X OpFlex System Reliability Solutions Fuels: HFO Availability Package O N/A N/A O N/A N/A N/A N/A O N/A N/A N/A N/A Systems Reliability: AutoRecover (for DLN) X N/A N/A X N/A N/A N/A N/A X N/A N/A N/A N/A X Standard offering O Optional offering Not developed to date N/A Not applicable 76

79 POWERing 2015 The steam turbine controls software also has additional features to enhance steam turbine and plant operability. These features are applied under the OpFlex Steam Turbine Agility offering, which includes the below list. Detailed descriptions of each feature are included in the Appendix. OpFlex Steam Turbine Agility Enhanced automatic turbine startup with rotor stress control Modified reverse flow Improved acceleration control Inlet pressure control set point tracking The following plant control software features are available to enhance plant operability whenever a GE HRSG or plant control is provided. Detailed descriptions of each feature are included in the Appendix. HRSG OpFlex Startup Solutions Advanced attemperator control Advanced SCR ammonia control Plant Operability Solutions Rapid Response Plant one button start 5 Network Security GE s cyber security management system provides protection by using a defense in depth approach. The first layer of defense is the Mark VIe Control System itself, which is cyber hardened. The system includes an Achilles-certified CPU module along with hardened network switches and HMI s within a segmented network. The second layer of defense is an optional IT security appliance, a server called SecurityST*, which provides the following functionality: Patch management. Anti-virus/malware signature updates. Backup and recovery. Intrusion detection. Centralized access and account management. Security information event management (SIEM). The third layer of defense is a security patching service provided by the GE Measurement &Control business that provides the following to keep the cyber security management system up to date: OS updates, security patches. Anti-virus/malware prevention. Third party software security patches. 6 Monitoring Systems GE offers several monitoring systems that can be tailored to specific customer needs. The primary monitoring system is the GE On-Site Monitor (OSM), which provides connectivity from the GE control system to the GE Remote Monitoring & Diagnostic Center in Atlanta, GA. Other optional monitoring systems that utilize advanced sensor technology include: Vibration. Combustion dynamics. Blade health. Plant thermal performance. HRSG stress. Remote Services Gateway (RSG). 77

80 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Plant Integration and Controls 7 Electrical Protection and Control Excitation Exciters are classified according to the source of their input power (potential source or compound source), by how the output power is developed (static or rotating exciters), and by the level of redundancy provided in the system (simplex, dual, or n+1). The EX2100e generator excitation control is a highly reliable control, protection, and monitoring system. Its flexible architecture, modern networks, and versatile software suite simplify operation and integration with plant-level controls. Advanced algorithms incorporate decades of fleet experience and the latest controls technology to deliver the performance needed in today s power generation industry. Steam Turbine System Type Redundancy Large Systems Reliability: AutoRecover Systems Reliability: AutoRecover Medium and Small Systems Reliability: AutoRecover Systems Reliability: AutoRecover Gas Turbine System Type Redundancy 9HA.01/.02 7HA.01/.02 9F.03/.05 7F.04/.05 Potential source static exciter Multi-bridge 9E.03/.04 7E.03 6F.03 6F.01 6B.03 Brushless regulator (typical) Simplex* and warm backup option Generator Protection System The GE generator protection system provides comprehensive primary and backup protection for medium and large generators. It includes automation and communication capabilities, I/O options, and fault recording to simplify postmortem analysis and reduce generator downtime. GE s generator and transformer protection systems use the GE Multilin* family of protective relays, which also provides power quality instrumentation, a motor protection system, and related solutions. Static Starter The LS2100e static starter for GE s heavy duty gas turbines is more economical than a motor, diesel engine, or torque converter. The static starter is an AC drive known as a load-commutated inverter or static-frequency converter. As a member of the Mark VIe control product family, it communicates peer-to-peer with other controls on the same network. This reduces field wiring and eliminates the need for multiple controllers, simplifying operations and maintenance. The static starter controls the generator as a synchronous motor, providing high accelerating torque from turning gear speed without the need for auxiliaries, saving space at the turbine base. Static starters are offered in the following configurations: A static starter for each gas turbine. A static starter for multiple gas turbines (up to four). Two static starters cross-linked to multiple turbines (up to eight). 8 User Experience A critical part of GE s controls architecture is the user experience. Today s users are busier and have more responsibility than ever. GE understands that customers need human-machine interfaces, apps, and other tools that are useful and intuitive. From observing users in natural settings to creating configurations and evaluating them, GE delivers user experiences that promote productivity and informed decision making. Benefits include: Ease of use for better decision making and effectiveness. Persistent visibility of key data for situational awareness. Quick access to key functionality. Minimal task completion steps. 78

81 POWERing 2015 Efficient maintenance and troubleshooting. Reduced workforce skills needed. Mobile apps for on-the-go functionality. Consistent look-and-feel across applications to increase efficiency. Human-Machine Interfaces Operators experience the plant equipment through the control system, therefore the interface and user experience are important. Research shows that poorly designed human-machine interfaces contribute to operator errors and even lost revenue. GE s answer is an operator-centered human-machine interface that is simple, intuitive, and efficient. The interface enhances operator efficiency and improves alarm management through: Conformance to ISA 18.2, The High Performance HMI Handbook (PAS), and other industry guidelines. Improved situational awareness and anomaly detection. Reduced information and cognitive overload. Automated startup and shutdown of plants with clear status indication. 80% fewer actionable alarms than past systems. Alarms that are rationalized and prioritized by severity. Mobile Apps and Wearables In today s operating environment, users are increasingly on the go. GE s mobile apps enable customers to take key functionality with them. For example, mobile maintenance workers can analyze gas combustion dynamics from anywhere to prioritize plant visits. Using Predix*, GE s software platform for the Industrial Internet, GE provides mobile solutions for asset and operations optimization. Most importantly, GE apps provide the following benefits: Secure connection to machine data via GE Remote Monitoring & Diagnostics Center, OSM or historian. Private or public cloud use. Data synchronization for offline use. Collaboration across platforms and experts. Web Portals Customers need efficient access to the information they need when they need it. That s what GE s Power Generation portal does for operators. From learning the latest about GE s offerings to accessing custom dashboards, GE s portal is a user s gateway to information. Benefits include: Centralized access to relevant information. Support for the entire plant life cycle. Collaboration tools to connect with GE. Consistent look-and-feel across applications to increase efficiency. Tools GE gives customers the tools they need to maintain and/or increase the value of their plant assets. My Dashboard connects customers to the technical information they need, keeps them updated about the latest events and news and allows them to connect with product support. Tools like Asset Evaluator* and MyFleet* assess operational situations and benchmark assets to identify ways to improve performance. The My Power & Water Store connects customers to the parts they need. With an eye toward convenience, customers can count on GE s tools for: Resources to support the entire plant life cycle. Quick access to parts and orders. In-depth relevant technical information. Case management and other collaboration tools to obtain GE support. 79

82 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Power Generation Development and Validation Facilities POWER GENERATION DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FACILITIES Being a technology leader and innovator in the power generation industry requires a relentless drive to expand engineering capabilities and domain expertise. In order to bring new technological advances to the industry and have them reliably deliver value to customers, GE relies upon its rigorous and methodical validation philosophy, a process at the heart of GE s engineering practices. The physical evidence of this commitment, one GE takes pride in sharing with its customers, is the broad suite of development and validation facilities utilized by GE s Power Generation technology teams. These laboratories and test stands serve all of the major products and enable validation of new technology throughout the product life cycle everything from characterization of new materials and manufacturing methods to the validation of a complete gas turbine system. They even consider new tooling and processes for the most efficient servicing of products in the field. As a result of its investment in these capabilities, GE is accelerating the pace at which new technology and products are being introduced into an increasingly demanding industry, and doing so with proven, validated products to give customers confidence in making GE their power generation solution provider. 80

83 POWERing 2015 Gas Turbines The world s largest and most powerful variable speed, variable load, non-grid connected gas turbine test facility Located in Greenville, South Carolina, U.S.A., this $200 million facility includes variable speed, variable load, off-grid testing to fully validate GE s gas turbines at and above full load conditions. Capable of replicating a real-world grid environment at full capacity, the facility tests 50 and 60 Hz gas turbines well beyond normal power plant conditions seen in the field. The test facility includes control room, data center, and nerve center areas, all connected by an advanced communication system that facilitates thorough data collection during each test. The Mark VIe Control System operates the gas turbine throughout testing to validate and refine the control logic and advanced models. Equally important as the system level results, the validation facility data collection system enables the recording of a tremendous amount of part-specific temperature information on casing structures, rotor, and hot gas path components throughout the transient and steady state loaded conditions. This provides GE with an unrivaled understanding of actual component temperatures, which is crucial in confirming the thermal strain on the parts for accurate component life analyses. This level of testing prepares these turbines for nearly any condition they may experience once installed and operating, and provides GE with invaluable knowledge of turbine performance under the most demanding conditions. New gas turbine models are then proven in their operability, performance, and durability prior to entering commercial service. Unmatched Capabilities More than 8,000 data streams captured continuously during testing. Ability to run natural gas and liquid distillate fuels. Capable of testing multiple gas turbine models. Full-scale compressor mapping and validation. Over 800 test hours planned for HA gas turbines through Comparison to Fleet Results CORRECTED FLOW PRESSURE RATIO 7F.05 Validation (1 Unit) 7F.03/.04 Fleet Data (534 Units) Advantages of GE s Test Stands Compared to On-Grid Testing Testing Capability Flexibility no frequency, speed or load restrictions. Instrumentation to investigate critical interactions. Timely learning prompt post-test teardown inspection and implementation of product enhancements. Operability Map combustion operability beyond what s possible in field. Complete compressor mapping, including identification of the surge line. Verification of machine capability and durability from extreme grid events. Performance Ability to tune part load performance and turndown through enhanced measurement of boundary conditions. Optimization of compressor variable vane position. Enhance load path using expanded knowledge of compressor/combustion boundaries. Optimization of tip clearances utilizing data collected during extreme event testing. Durability Data collected calibrates analysis to confirm part strains and vibrational stresses enabling optimization of component life, cooling, and performance. GE s Test Stand Compared to On-Grid Testing Validation Area Performance Fleet Risk Pressure Ratio Surge Risk Exhaust Characteristics Hot/Cold Flexibility Load Following Capability Grid Code Compliance Rotor Dynamics/ Vibration Combustor Tones/Dynamics Clearances Erosion/Wear/ Degradation Impact MW/HR RAM/Operability MW/HR/RAM BOP Interface MW/HR/RAM Ramp Rate/RAM RAM/Dispatch RAM/Operability RAM/Operability Performance MW/HR/RAM GE Test Facility Fully Mapped Fully Mapped Fully Mapped Limits Validated Fully Mapped Fully Quantified Limits Validated Fully Quantified Fully Mapped Fully Mapped Stresses and Temps Mapped On-Grid Prototype Grid Limited Not Quantified Not Quantified Site Limited Site Limited Site Limited Grid Limited Site Limited Site Limited Site Limited Site Limited 81

84 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Power Generation Development and Validation Facilities Combustion Lab The world s largest and most flexible combustor module test facility Also located in Greenville, South Carolina, U.S.A., this 575,000 square-foot facility includes laboratory and office space for the air cooled gas turbine design team. The facility includes five independent test cells, housing 10 full-scale, single-can test stands that can evaluate the full range of GE combustors installed in the world s fleets. This provides the capability to run eight different fired tests per week and up to 342 fired tests in one year. The facility is capable of replicating real-world fuel compositions at full-scale flow conditions to determine the combustor s complete operability and fuel flexibility envelope. In addition to housing the fired test stands, the facility includes a control room, data center, emissions measurement center, instrumentation shop, and fabrication shop. The facilities are capable of performing component-level flow testing, as well as ping testing and accelerated life testing to provide an overall system-level architecture for operability and durability requirements. This level of testing prepares GE s combustors for any condition they may experience once installed and operating around the globe at customer sites. Up to 1,000 data streams captured continuously for every test. Ability to run natural gas, propane, butane, ethane, nitrogen, hydrogen, CO, and CO 2, as well as multiple liquid fuel-types. Capable of testing all current GE fleet configurations at full-scale conditions, as well as develop new combustion systems for customer needs. Full-scale combustor development before installation into a gas turbine for on-site full-speed, full-load, off-grid system validation. Steam Turbines Power generation equipment must perform when required and as expected for customers to maximize earnings. To support that requirement, GE has invested in significant validation capability enhancements over the past decade. The validation process includes technology, component, subsystem and system testing. World-class SOA and GE developed and maintained data acquisition systems allow for real-time monitoring of massive quantities of high-speed data, concurrent real-time data calculations, and in test processing for engineering decision making. They also allow for real-time data streaming to dedicated data servers. Low Pressure Development Turbine Schenectady, NY The low pressure development turbine provides best-in-class aeromechanics and performance testing of last stage blades and steam paths. The rig provides section or stage-by-stage performance and can simulate fossil or combined cycle applications. It is equipped with advanced data systems, including non-contact blade vibration detection and unique inner stage, exhaust, and hood measurement capabilities with state-of-the-art traversing probes. Advanced turbine path component technologies are tested, including 3D aerodynamics and seal architecture. High Pressure Test Vehicle Lynn, MA The multistage high pressure test vehicle steam turbine rig has similar capabilities and data acquisition technologies as the low pressure development turbine and provides best-in-class aero performance test capability of HP and IP steam turbine blades and steam paths. Wheel Box Test Facility Schenectady, NY The wheel box test facility collects aero-mechanical data on single or multi-stage gas or steam turbine products. The rig can operate at variable speed in a deep vacuum and vary excitation to simulate a variety of operating conditions. Validating airfoil vibration characteristics is critical to ensuring part life and product operational capabilities. Subsonic Air Turbine Schenectady, NY The subsonic air turbine utilizes compressed air in lieu of steam for testing. The rig can provide section or stage-bystage performance of up to two stages of steam or gas turbine airfoils. It provides key data needed to validate improvements obtained using 3D aerodynamics in the turbine airfoils by allowing for rapid DOE s critical to the development of advanced airfoil configuration tools. Stationary Air Cells Test Facilities Schenectady, NY The stationary air cells provide flexibility to flow test a variety of components in both full and part scale configurations. The cells allow for varying flow, velocity, and back pressure to acquire data for use in gas and steam turbine inlets, exhausts, diffusers, seals, flow guides, and hoods. 82

85 POWERing 2015 Generators Continued investment in product development and validation enables the progression of highly reliable and efficient technology. Since 2009, the generator development and validation facility in Schenectady, NY has been testing components, subsystems, systems, and complete generators, and has made great contributions to the overall evolution of generator technology. Non-Metallic Materials Lab World-class development and test facility enables insulation systems development and non-metallic component testing. Rotor Torsional Testing The Schenectady balance bunker performs torsional vibration tests on generator fields. Data from individual rotors is used to validate full-train torsional models and mitigate risk of torsional resonance. Field Ventilation Lab This stationary test rig validates new ventilation schemes for generator fields. DC current is passed through copper field turns while ventilation gas cools the turns. This capability allows for the testing of new ventilation patterns to potentially allow uprates to both new and existing units with field rewinds. Control Simulation and Virtualization New Product Development Simulation is an integral part of manufacturing at GE. Before a new product or plant is built, a virtual version is created using GE virtual controller technology and process models. The product/plant is then operated in various modes to validate performance. Customers are invited to witness their entire system operate in a simulated environment. Project Simulation Control system acceptance tests use GE s scalable simulation platform. Virtual simulators on a desktop or in the cloud are used to validate quality and completeness for a smooth install. GE s passion for simulation, virtual simulator technology, and scalable testing platform promotes quality and complete control solutions. Customer Simulation and Training GE simulator technology has been provided to customers in training simulators. Saudi Electric Company (SEC) purchased a GE simulator that accurately represented their combined cycle power plant. SEC identified operation and control issues during simulator development and before plant startup; those issues were corrected without a delay in plant commissioning. Armature End Winding Lab Thermal and mechanical cycling of full scale end winding support systems provide the opportunity to evaluate new materials, support systems, and configurations. Armature Development Lab This lab tests new armature bar and slot support systems at current levels up to 17,000 amps or bar forces upwards of 200 lbf per inch of stator bar length. Generator Thermal Cycling and Endurance Test Stand A $14 million upgrade to the existing generator test stand has added the capability for full-scale rapid, thermal cyclic duty and endurance testing with capabilities including, but not limited to, open circuit, short circuit, and sudden short circuit. This capability delivers proven operability and performance of new generator models including the latest structured product line series of generators before they enter commercial service. In addition to housing the drive train, the test facility includes control room and data centers, as well as an onsite remote nerve center area, all connected by an advanced communication system that facilitates thorough data collection during each test. 83

86 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Technical Data APPENDIX Technical Data 50/60 Hz (Geared) 50 Hz 6B.03 6F.01 6F.03 9E.03 9E.04 9F.03 9F.04 SC Net Output (MW) SC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 10,180 8,980 9,470 9,860 9,250 9,020 8,840 SC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 10,740 9,474 9,991 10,403 9,759 9,517 9,327 SC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 33.5% 38.0% 36.0% 34.6% 36.9% 37.8% 38.6% GT Parameters Compression Pressure Ratio (X:1) Generator Configuration (Type) GEN-A31 GEN-A32 GEN-A33 GEN-A39 GEN-A39 GEN-H53 GEN-H53 Number of Combustor Cans Number of Compressor Stages Number of Turbine Stages ExhaustTemperature ( F/ C) 1,019/549 1,106/597 1,113/601 1,012/544 1,004/540 1,104/595 1,125/607 Exhaust Energy (MM Btu/hr) ,458 1,496 Exhaust Energy (MM kj/hr) ,538 1,579 GT Turndown Minimum Load (%) 50% 40% 52% 35% 35% 35% 35% GT Ramp Rate (MW/min) NOx (ppmvd) at Baseload (@15% O 2 ) CO (ppm) at Min. Turndown w/o Abatement Wobbe Variation (%) >+/-30 >+/ , -10 >+/-30 >+/ , , -10 Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) Power Plant Configuration 1x1 MS 6B.03 1x1 MS 6F.01 1x1 MS 6F.03 1x1 MS 9E.03 1x1 MS 9E.04 1x1 MS 9F.03 1x1 MS 9F.04 CC Net Output (MW) CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,630 6,120 6,170 6,530 6,360 5,860 5,770 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,995 6,457 6,510 6,890 6,710 6,183 6,088 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 51.5% 55.8% 55.3% 52.3% 53.7% 58.2% 59.1% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH 2PNRH 2PNRH 2PNRH 2PNRH 3PRH 3PRH Condenser Type Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Condenser Pressure (in.hga) HP Throttle Press. (psia/bar) 1,900/131 1,900/131 2,000/138 1,500/103 1,500/103 2,400/165 2,400/165 HP Throttle Temp. ( F/ C) 1,000/538 1,050/566 1,050/ / /524 1,050/566 1,050/566 Reheat Temp. ( F/ C) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1,050/566 1,050/566 ST Configuration (Type) ST-A250 ST-A250 ST-A250 ST-A200 ST-A200 ST-A650 ST-A650 GT Generator Type (Cooling) Air Air Air Air Air Hydrogen Hydrogen ST Generator Type (Cooling) Air Air Air Air Air Hydrogen Hydrogen Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 57% 53% 59% 72% 70% 46% 45% Ramp Rate (MW/min) Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) Power Plant Configuration 2x1 MS 6B.03 2x1 MS 6F.01 2x1 MS 6F.03 2x1 MS 9E.03 2x1 MS 9E.04 2x1 MS 9F.03 2x1 MS 9F.04 CC Net Output (MW) CC Net Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) 6,600 6,100 6,130 6,460 6,300 5,840 5,750 CC Net Heat Rate (kj/kwh, LHV) 6,963 6,436 6,467 6,816 6,647 6,162 6,067 CC Net Efficiency (%, LHV) 51.7% 55.9% 55.7% 52.8% 54.2% 58.4% 59.3% Bottoming Cycle Type 2PNRH 2PNRH 2PNRH 2PNRH 2PNRH 3PRH 3PRH Condensor Type Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Condenser Pressure (in.hga) HP Throttle Press. (psia/bar) 1,900/131 1,900/131 1,500/103 1,500/103 1,500/103 2,400/165 2,400/165 HP Throttle Temp. ( F/ C) 1,000/538 1,050/566 1,050/ / /524 1,050/566 1,050/566 Reheat Temp. ( F/ C) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1,050/566 1,050/566 ST Configuration (Type) ST-A250 ST-A250 ST-D200 ST-D200 ST-D200 ST-D650 ST-D650 GT Generator Type (Cooling) Air Air Air Air Air Hydrogen Hydrogen ST Generator Type (Cooling) Air Air Air Air Air Hydrogen Hydrogen Plant Turndown Minimum Load (%) 29% 27% 30% 36% 35% 23% 22% Ramp Rate (MW/min) Startup Time (Hot, Minutes) NOTE: All ratings are net plant based on ISO conditions and natural gas fuel. Actual performance will vary with project specific conditions and fuel. 2PNRH = Two Pressure, Non-Reheat; 3PRH = Three Pressure, Reheat 84

87 POWERing Hz 60 Hz 9F.05 9HA.01 9HA.02 7E.03 7F.04 7F.05 7F.05 7F.05 7HA.01 7HA ,810 8,220 8,170 10,060 8,840 8,670 8,640 8,240 8,210 9,295 8,673 8,620 10,614 9,327 9,147 9,116 8,694 8, % 41.5% 41.8% 33.9% 38.6% 39.4% 39.5% 41.4% 41.6% GEN-H55 GEN-H84 GEN-H85 GEN-A35 GEN-H33 GEN-H35 GEN-H35 GEN-H35 GEN-H53 GEN-H ,187/642 1,150/621 1,206/652 1,022/550 1,149/620 1,099/593 1,136/613 1,142/617 1,164/629 1,166/630 1,593 1,906 2, ,056 1,176 1,207 1,212 1,330 1,620 1,681 2,011 2, ,114 1,241 1,273 1,279 1,403 1,709 38% 40% 40% 35% 48% 38% 38% 45% 25% 40% /-10 +/-10 +/-10 >+/ , -10 +/-7.5 +/-7.5 +/-7.5 +/-10 +/ x1 SS 9F.05 1x1 SS 9HA.01 1x1 SS 9HA.02 1x1 MS 7E.03 1x1 MS 7F.04 1x1 MS 7F.05 1x1 MS 7HA ,670 5,540 5,517 6,640 5,800 5,740 5,570 5,530 5,982 5,845 5,821 7,006 6,119 6,056 5,877 5, % 61.6% 61.8% 51.4% 58.8% 59.4% 61.3% 61.7% 3PRH 3PRH 3PRH 2PNRH 3PRH 3PRH 3PRH 3PRH 1x1 SS 7HA.02 Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru ,400/165 2,400/165 2,400/165 1,500/103 1,800/124 2,400/165 2,400/165 2,400/165 1,112/600 1,112/600 1,112/ /532 1,050/566 1,050/566 1,112/600 1,112/600 1,112/600 1,112/600 1,112/600 N/A 1,050/566 1,050/566 1,112/600 1,112/600 ST-D650 ST-D650 ST-D650 ST-A200 ST-A450 ST-D650 ST-D650 ST-D650 Hydrogen Hydrogen Water Air Hydrogen Hydrogen Hydrogen Hydrogen N/A N/A N/A Air Hydrogen Hydrogen Hydrogen N/A 46% 47% 47% 67% 58% 48% 33% 47% <30 < <30 <30 2x1 MS 9F.05 2x1 MS 9HA.01 2x1 MS 9HA.02 2x1 MS 7E.03 2x1 MS 7F.04 2x1 MS 7F.05 2x1 MS 7HA ,181 1, ,005 5,650 5,540 5,495 6,580 5,760 5,700 5,540 5,510 5,961 5,845 5,798 6,942 6,077 6,014 5,845 5, % 61.6% 62.1% 51.9% 59.2% 59.9% 61.6% 61.9% 3PRH 3PRH 3PRH 2PNRH 3PRH 3PRH 3PRH 3PRH 2x1 MS 7HA.02 Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru Once Thru ,400/165 2,400/165 2,400/165 1,500/103 2,400/165 2,400/165 2,400/165 2,400/165 1,112/600 1,112/600 1,112/ /532 1,050/566 1,050/566 1,112/600 1,112/600 1,112/600 1,112/600 1,112/600 N/A 1,050/566 1,050/566 1,112/600 1,112/600 ST-D600 ST-D600 ST-D600 ST-A200 ST-D650 ST-D650 ST-D650 ST-D650 Hydrogen Hydrogen Hydrogen Air Hydrogen Hydrogen Hydrogen Hydrogen Hydrogen Hydrogen Hydrogen Air Hydrogen Hydrogen Hydrogen Hydrogen 23% 24% 24% 33% 29% 24% 16% 23% <30 < <30 <30 85

88 POWER GENERATION PRODUCTS CATALOG I Technical Data Software and Technology Descriptions Gas Turbine OpFlex Technology Descriptions OpFlex Startup Agility Solutions E-Class Fast Start Employs a 10 minute start to base load. shortened purge, Fire-on-the-fly, faster acceleration and loading, lower maintenance factors (includes AutoRecover on DLN units). F-Class Fast Start/Purge Credit Variable Load Path OpFlex Combustion Versatility Solutions Grid: Enhanced Transient Stability Tuning: AutoTune LT Tuning: AutoTune DX Tuning: AutoTune MX Fast-start: employs a purge credit system which moves the startup purge to the prior shutdown, plus faster acceleration and loading rates to achieve near baseload output in 10 minutes. This enables participation in Non-Spinning Reserve Ancillary Services markets. Innovative model-based control approach utilizing AutoTune MX provides independent adjustment of gas turbine load and exhaust temperature. Enables real time, customized gas turbine operation to better meet plant start-up and operational objectives, while adhering to plant equipment boundaries. Employs multiple technologies on a Model-Based Control (MBC) software platform to improve robustness to grid frequency transients and meet future grid code requirements to ensure a stable power grid. Modern sensor fault detection, isolation, and accommodation (FDIA) schemes enable continued operation in conditions where traditional control would have results in a trip, thus improving overall availability and reliability. Provides advanced automated DLN tuning capability through continuous fuel split schedule biasing as ambient conditions change and as turbine hardware and performance degrades over time, reducing the need for tuning at any time for emissions compliance. Provides GE s most robust automated DLN combustor tuning solution by combining MBC technology and detailed, field validated combustion models with combustion dynamics feedback. Combustor health is monitored and tuned continuously, enabling increased gas fuel composition flexibility, avoidance of seasonal tuning for emissions compliance, and expanded capability to handle, large rapid transients. Builds on AutoTune DX to extend automated DLN combustor tuning to all combustion modes and across the entire gas turbine load range down to FSNL. Further enhances gas fuel flexibility and enables customization of gas turbine exhaust conditions at any load to provide unprecedented operational flexibility. OpFlex Load Flexibility Solutions Output: Variable Airflow Output: Variable Peak Fire Output: Cold Day Performance Responsiveness: Fast Ramp Responsiveness: Grid Services Package Turndown: Extended Turndown Efficiency: Variable Inlet Bleed Heat OpFlex System Reliability Solutions Fuels: HFO Availability Package Systems Reliability: AutoRecover Utilizes advanced combustor fuel scheduling to enable flexible operation at higher maximum IGV settings to provide increased output while maintaining emissions compliance, or at lower settings to provide improved combined-cycle efficiency. Provides the capability to variably overfire the GT for increased output when economic conditions justify the increased maintenance cost and increased emissions. This option includes functionality to increase output as much as possible while automatically maintaining emissions compliance. Takes advantage of OpFlex AutoTune DX to improve DLN combustor operability in cold weather, thus allowing higher firing temperatures and significantly higher output in cold conditions while maintaining emissions compliance. Enables load ramping at up to 2.5 times the normal rate, such that the full minimum-load-to-baseload range can be covered in less than four minutes, enabling increased participation in regulating reserve markets. Provides multiple custom software packages to ensure compliance with country-specific grid codes worldwide and enable greater participation in ancillary services markets. Extends low emissions operation to lower load levels, enabling reduced fuel consumption at minimum loads and improving the economics to remain online during off-peak demand periods and avoid shutdown and startup costs. This also extends the available load range for operation, improving dispatch flexibility and enabling greater participation in regulating reserve markets. Replaces conservative anti-icing protection logic with a model-based control approach to reduce inefficient Inlet Bleed Heat use, particularly in warm weather, to provide significant improvements in part load efficiency. Utilizes a rapid cooldown, automated turbine wash cycle, and MBC to improve availability of turbines burning heavy fuel oil (HFO), which are subject to rapid performance degradation. Enables B/E-class DLN1 combustors to quickly and automatically return to low emissions premix operation following external transients which can cause the combustor to enter high emissions, high maintenance factor operation. 86

89 POWERing 2015 Steam Turbine OpFlex Technology Descriptions OpFlex Steam Turbine Agility Startup Solutions Enhanced Automatic Turbine Startup with Rotor Stress Control Modified Reverse Flow Improved Acceleration Control Inlet Pressure Control Setpoint Tracking An Enhanced Automatic Turbine Startup (ATS) routine provides a fully automated steam turbine startup from ready to start conditions, bringing the machine from turning gear operation to Inlet Pressure Control (IPC) with a push of a single button. Temperature references are generated within the steam turbine unit controller and integrated with the temperature matching function of the gas turbine unit controller to provide a fully automated temperature ramping solution. For opposed flow HP-IP steam turbines, Modified Reverse Flow improves the ability to avoid radial-rub-induced vibration caused by asymmetric heating of the shell during colder starts. For large steam turbines in 2x1 and 3x1 combined cycle configuration, an improved ST acceleration algorithm provides better accommodation for low steam production starts when operating with one gas turbine. Inlet Pressure Control (IPC) Setpoint Tracking automatically adjusts the IPC setpoint to provide the correct setting as the plant is maneuvered to meet dispatch demand, while retaining its responsiveness to pressure disturbances. The main control valve(s) are open as far as possible to avoid unnecessary throttling, and be in a better position to respond to a GT/HRSG trip, thereby avoiding a cascading trip of a second HRSG. Eliminating unnecessary throttling benefits the plant through improved long-term valve reliability and greater output. Plant Control Software Technology Descriptions HRSG OpFlex Startup Solutions Advanced Attemperator Control Advanced SCR Ammonia Control Model-based control principles enable feed-forward control loops to proactively adjust HRSG attemperator flows during GT startup and load changes, enabling more accurate regulation of steam temperature during all modes of operation, thus reducing instability and the risk of a plant trip. This enables shorter start times, avoids runbacks, reduces HRSG wear and tear and allows reliable operation at higher steam temperatures to improve plant heat rate and output. Advanced SCR Ammonia Control utilizes model based control with SCR inlet NOx and ammonia injection and catalyst system models in conjunction with exhaust stack measurement and control, ensuring minimal ammonia slip, thus reducing NOx emissions during startup and normal operation. Plant Operability Solutions Rapid Response Plant One Button Start Rapid Response combined cycle system engineering is a GE plant solution delivering enhanced operating flexibility while maintaining state of the art steady state performance. Rapid Response breaks the links that cause the steam cycle to restrict gas turbine startup in a conventional combined cycle plant. The gas turbine in a Rapid Response combined cycle plant starts and loads rapidly to a low emissions state like a simple cycle turbine. The steam turbine and bottoming cycle then follows to provide combined cycle output and efficiency in as little as 30 minutes. Rapid Response combined cycle system engineering is an extended scope product, available when GE provides the gas turbine(s), steam turbine(s), generator(s), heat recovery steam generator(s) (HRSG) with continuous emissions measurement (CEMS), plant control system (DCS), and key enabling balance of plant (BOP) equipment. GE also provides overall System Integration. GE one button plant auto start capability is available as part of an extended scope project. Control software sequencing of all required plant components, including GT, ST, Generator, HRSG and BOP is included. Necessary plant components like shutoff valves are equipped with remote actuators to respond to sequencing software commands. Utilizing group control, the plant places itself into a ready to start condition from a normal shutdown condition in preparation for auto start. Although termed one button, the operator can elect to include breakpoints at key steps in the plant startup like generator synchronization. The auto start completes with the plant at a selected output, available for external (e.g. load following) control. 87

90 88 Riyadh Power Plant #12 (under construction), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia