Potential impacts of the Proposed Development on socio-economic aspects are mainly made up of the following: investment of approximately 500 million;

Transcription

1 12 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS 12.1 INTRODUCTION Terms of Reference for this Chapter This chapter presents an assessment of the likely significant socio-economic effects from construction, operation and decommissioning of the Keadby II project (henceforth the Proposed Development ). The baseline social and economic nature of the Proposed Development site and its wider setting is described, potential effects identified and proposed mitigation measures are listed. Potential impacts of the Proposed Development on socio-economic aspects are mainly made up of the following: investment of approximately 500 million; reuse of previously developed land; employment for 1278 people spread over the construction period (an annual average of 426 jobs), with an estimated 500 construction jobs during peak construction; generation of an estimated 18 new jobs during operation, assuming continued operation of Keadby I; economic benefits arising from direct and indirect expenditure associated with the Proposed Development, for example through placing local orders for goods and services and maintenance; disruption to the local community during construction including additional traffic and pressure on community infrastructure and services; and contributing to the security of energy supply nationally, thereby supporting economic activities and contributing to achieving the aims of National Policy Statement EN Basis for the Assessment including Realistic Worst Case Scenario The basis of the assessment is information on investment and employment provided by SSE. At this early stage in a project development this information should be taken as indicative but is adequate for impact assessment purposes. In the context of assessing the socio-economic effects of the Proposed Development a worst case scenario is not especially relevant and is not considered further. However, it should be noted that the assessment of operational effects is based on the continued operation of Keadby I meaning that Keadby II can be safely operated with a smaller complement of staff than 12-1

2 would be the case for a standalone Keadby II operation in the absence of Keadby I Consultation SSE is carrying out various formal and informal consultation activities as part of the s36 variation application. Consultation to date on the topic of socio-economic characteristics has comprised scoping as set out in the Scoping Opinion. No specific comments have been received on the scope or methodology for the socio-economic assessment The Policy Context General Considerations A review has been undertaken of general planning and strategic policy and guidance such as national policy documents and the Local Development Frameworks (LDFs) and community strategies. This is presented in Chapter 3 of this ES. The policy context of greatest relevance to socio-economic characteristics is presented below. This demonstrates that the Proposed Development is aligned with national, regional and local policy in relation to socio-economic characteristics. The National Planning Policy Framework consolidates the previous raft of Planning Policy Statement (PPSs) and Planning Policy Guidance (PPGs) into one single guidance document for setting out the government s planning policies for England and how they are expected to be applied. The NPPF states that there are three dimensions to sustainable development: economic, social and environmental. In its stated aim of building a strong, competitive economy the NPPF seeks to support and encourage sustainable economic growth through supporting existing commercial activities and promoting new economic activities. National Policy Statements Overarching National Policy Statement for Energy (EN-1) acknowledges that the construction, operation and decommissioning of energy infrastructure may have socio-economic effects at local and regional levels. EN-1 also confirms that the likely significant social and economic effects should be set out as well as proposed avoidance or mitigation measures for those effects. The Overarching National Policy Statement for Energy EN-1 recognises that energy is vital to economic prosperity and social well-being and so it is important to ensure that UK has secure and affordable energy (paragraph 2.1.2) and that new infrastructure plays a vital role in ensuring secure energy supplies and supporting ongoing economic growth. Decision-makers can give substantial weight to the contribution which the Proposed Development would make towards satisfying this need. 12-2

3 EN-1 provides guidance in relation to assessment of socio-economic impacts, confirming that socio-economic impact assessments should consider: the creation of jobs and training opportunities; the provision of additional local services and improvements to local infrastructure, including the provision of educational and visitor facilities (if a difference in baseline conditions in relation to demand for housing, accommodation or local services is anticipated); effects on tourism; the impact of a changing influx of workers during the different construction, operation and decommissioning phases of the energy infrastructure; and cumulative effects. EN-1 also provides guidance in relation to land-use assessment and confirms that the assessment should identify existing and proposed land uses and effects and the extent, if any, to which a proposed scheme may prevent an existing or proposed use on a neighbouring site from continuing. This includes business operators and economic land uses, agricultural land quality and operations, local communities and community facilities (health, education and community gathering) and visitor attractions, accommodation and recreational areas. Local Policy The North Lincolnshire Core Strategy (Adopted June 2011) confirms support for existing energy generation sites, including Keadby Power Station, and the role that these provide in energy production and North Lincolnshire s power generation supply to the national grid (p106). It also notes that further economic growth and diversification in the area is required to be supported by providing opportunities to local people and supporting skills development to benefit its prosperity (p77). Policy CS11 states that the North Lincolnshire Council will support the continued expansion and improvement of North Lincolnshire s economy in order to create a step change in the area s role regionally and nationally. The Proposed Development site is not covered by any of the Core Strategy land use allocations or designations. However the Core Strategy specifically notes that existing energy generation sites such as Keadby Power Station are supported and it is expected that existing power stations in North Lincolnshire will continue to play an important role in energy production and will continue to be a major contributor to North Lincolnshire s power generation supply to the National Grid (P106) Supporting Information for this Chapter Detailed baseline data tables are provided in Annex J ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY AND ASSESSMENT CRITERIA Introduction and Overview There are no legislative requirements which dictate the form of socioeconomic assessment and the approach adopted follows UK Government guidelines and best practice, as summarised below. 12-3

4 In terms of considering the economic impacts, this assessment follows guidance set out in HM Treasury s Green Book (1), English Partnerships Additionality Guidance (2) and the Department for Business Innovation and Skills research on Additionality (3). The Green Book sets out the stages to assessing the additional impact of a project, which are: leakage, the effects that occur outside the target area; and multiplier effects, additional economic activity from spending in the supply chain and increases in local income. In terms of social impacts, the following social criteria are considered: demographic and population characteristics (population changes, relocation of populations, influx and/or outflow of temporary workers); economic and community structures (economic characteristics, employment opportunities, industrial diversity); land use; recreation and community features; and tourism features and receptors and the local and wider visitor economy. With regards to land use, the Proposed Development will return to use an area of industrial land that has a long history of power generation. The Consented Development (Keadby II) commenced in The Proposed Development will not affect current or proposed adjacent land uses. This criterion has not therefore been considered further. As will be shown in Section , the baseline studies have identified a limited number of tourist and recreational facilities in close proximity to the Proposed Development, none of which will be directly affected by the Proposed Development. On the basis of this, effects on visitor and user patterns in terms of numbers and / or their patterns of expenditure are not expected. Tourism and recreation effects have therefore not been considered further in terms of detailed impact assessment Defining the Proposed Development s Area of Influence One of the first stages in developing a methodology for a socio-economic assessment is defining a project s area of influence. This is the area in which effects (be they positive or negative) may occur through the construction, operation and decommissioning of the Proposed Development. Study areas have been defined at two levels for the socio-economic assessment, (1) HM Treasury, 2011, The Green Book Appraisal and Evaluation in Central Government, website accessed 14/07/2015 (2) English Partnerships, 2008, Additionality Guide Third Edition, website accessed 14/07/2015 (3) Department for Business Innovation and Skills, 2009, Research to Improve the Assessment of Additionality, the_assessment_of_additionality.pdf, website accessed 14/07/

5 considering the socio-economic area of influence and the tourism area of influence. These are summarised below and presented in Figure Socio-economic area of influence: based on drive time catchment areas from the Proposed Development. The local area of influence is defined within a 30 minute drive time and wider area of influence is within a 45 minute drive time. A wider region was defined within the scoping report as the area within a 60 minute drive time. The regions of Yorkshire and The Humber and the East Midlands have been considered as a proxy for this wider region. Tourism area of influence: defined by a 15 km radius from the Proposed Development. Recreation and tourism facilities or notable points of focus of visitor attraction within this area have been reviewed. Facilities located within 2 km of the site are most likely to be directly affected by construction, access roads and other potentially disruptive activities. Any notable tourism facilities located just outside the 15 km boundary have also been included Defining the Proposed Development s Phases The likely effects associated with the stages of the Proposed Development on socio-economic resources and receptors will vary and will fall in the following broad categories: construction and decommissioning impacts: including temporary disruption to resources and receptors; and economic impacts such as employment, expenditure through the supply chain and accommodation requirements for in-migrating contractors; pressure on local services; and operational impacts: including economic impacts such as generation of employment opportunities or loss of employment from business displacement Defining the Proposed Development s Socio-economic Receptors For each of the Proposed Development s phases, the following socioeconomic receptor groups will be considered to the extent necessary: demography; employment and economic profile; business operators; recreational and community features; and tourism facilities and visitor economy. 12-5

6 !! Site Location PROJECTION: British National Grid Local Area Wider Area Wider Region Barnsley District North East Lincolnshire Derbyshire County North Yorkshire County City of Kingston upon Hull Doncaster District East Riding of Yorkshire Kirklees District Leeds District Lincolnshire County North Lincolnshire Nottinghamshire County Rotherham District Sheffield District Wakefiled District York OpenStreetMap (and) contributors, CC-BY-SA; Reproduced with the permission of the British Geological Survey NERC. All rights reserved, Natural England, English Heritage, National Grid, RSPB Kilometers SCALE: As scale bar VERSION: A05 SIZE: A3 DRAWN: GB PROJECT: CHECKED: AM DATE: 03/02/2015 APPROVED: KM ± Figure 12.1 Wards within Socio-economic Characteristics Area of Influence Path: P:\Projects\ _KeadbyGIS_GB_KM\MAPS\EIA\12_Social\ _SocialDistricts_A02.mxd

7 Approach to the Assessment Review of Available Baseline Data and Information Data and information have been collated and reviewed from national, regional and local databases, including: official labour market statistics; publicly available mapping; local, regional and national economic and social databases, policy documents and strategies; national, regional and local development plan documents; tourism websites; and other publicly available information. This has led to the development of a baseline for the Proposed Development; i.e. the socio-economic conditions that would prevail without the scheme. These are presented for each receptor group listed in Section Comparative Analysis Data and information regarding the predicted and/or experienced socioeconomic effects of similar projects was examined using ERM s professional experience / judgement and also expertise from within SSE. This included drawing on the SSE Slough Multifuel CHP Facility (1) as a reference project Basis of Assessment Effects on socio-economic receptors from the Proposed Development will be considered for the construction, operational and decommissioning phases. The main potential impacts of the Proposed Development on socio-economic aspects comprise: investment of approximately 500 million during construction; direct generation of an estimated 1278 jobs, spread over the construction period (an annual average of 426 jobs), with an estimated 500 construction jobs during peak construction (and smaller numbers at decommissioning); and direct generation of an estimated 18 new jobs during operation; demographic effects and disruption to the local community during construction (and decommissioning) including additional traffic and effects on community infrastructure; and safety effects. (1) URS, 2014, Environmental Statement for Slough Multifuel CHP Facility, website accessed 30 July

8 Approach to Assessment of Socio-economic Effects Introduction The evaluation of the significance of effects involves the assessment of how the potential changes to baseline conditions might result in socio-economic effects. There are no published socio-economic standards that define receptor sensitivity or magnitude. The definitions in Table 12.1 to Table 12.3 have been developed and applied to the socio-economic assessment and are based on professional judgement and precedent set in similar assessments. The main focus of the assessment is the effect on employment and economic impacts as measurable and specific to the location of the Proposed Development and within the wider study area. Employment effects in this regard are reported as Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) jobs and the Gross Value Added (GVA) by these jobs. The effects of these jobs on the local labour market and the economic well-being of the local population are also considered qualitatively. Wider socio-economic effects are considered qualitatively, supported by quantitative data where available. Employment, economic and community effects often interact and interrelationships between these are also considered. For example, increased employment rates and economic activity provide secondary economic benefits to local communities through indirect expenditure. Employment and Economic Impacts - Construction Phase Construction phase employment effects will be assessed such that ten years of construction worker jobs is equal to one FTE position. Estimates of construction jobs were provided by SSE. Employment and Economic Impacts - Operational Phase The analysis of operational phase employment effects is based on the estimated number of workers to be employed at the facility from information supplied by SSE. The assessment of likely effects on the local, regional and national economies during construction, operation and decommissioning of the Proposed Development consider the scale of the following. Direct economic effects: jobs and GVA that are wholly or largely related to construction, decommissioning and operation of Proposed Development. Indirect economic effects (positive and negative): jobs and GVA generated in the areas of influence in the chain of suppliers of goods and services to the direct Proposed Development activities. Induced economic effects: jobs and GVA created by direct and indirect employees spending in the study area or in the wider economy. Wider economic effects (positive and negative): employment and income generated in the national / regional economy related to the Proposed Development. 12-8

9 For secondary jobs arising from this direct employment an indirect multiplier of 2.39, as per Scottish Input-output (1) tables for the electricity sector, has been applied. For the induced jobs an average multiplier of 0.83 has been adopted as per Scottish Input-output tables for the electricity sector. The use of Scottish Government input-output multipliers is accepted practice for economic assessment of activities England, as no such multipliers exist specifically for England. The Scottish Government multipliers are widely considered to provide acceptable proxies for these calculations. An average GVA of 38,606 per job as typical for jobs within the Yorkshire and Humber Region has been adopted, based on the Office for National Statistics latest (2012) nominal unsmoothed GVA data per filled job (2). The assessment criteria outlined in the tables below will be used and assessment made of the magnitude of the impacts in combination with receptor sensitivity to determine the significance of any effects. Socio-economic Receptor Sensitivity For economic effects (including employment), the availability of labour and skills is critical in accommodating the demands, needs and requirements of the Proposed Development. Adequate capacity results in a low sensitivity; while limited capacity results in a high sensitivity. For social effects, receptor sensitivity is principally defined by the ability of the social receptor to absorb or adapt to change and the level of usage by sensitive or vulnerable social groups. These are defined in Table Table 12.1 Socio-economic Receptor Sensitivity Sensitivity High Medium Low Not sensitive Example There is no or low availability of labour and skills in the wider study area workforce, for example as a result of very low unemployment rates. The Proposed Development would lead to labour market pressure and distortions (i.e. skills and capacity shortages, import of labour, wage inflation). The receptor is of international or national importance and/or has little or no ability to absorb change or recover/adapt and/or is solely used by sensitive groups such as older people, children and people of poor health. The area has a constrained supply of labour and skills. The Proposed Development may lead to labour market pressure and distortions. The receptor is of regional or local importance and/or has medium ability to absorb change or recover/adapt and/or is principally used by sensitive groups such as older people, children and people of poor health. The area has a readily available labour force: some skill deficits. The Proposed Development is unlikely to lead to labour market pressure and distortions The receptor is of local importance and/or has ability to absorb change or recover. It may also be used by sensitive groups such as older people, children and people of poor health. An effect would not be discernible in the context of the number of jobs created or lost within the wider study area and the capacity of that area to accommodate the change. The receptor is of local importance and/or is able to absorb change and/or recover or adapt to the change and is not specifically for the use by sensitive groups such as older people, children, and people of poor health (1) Scottish Government, 2012, Input-Output tables, Output, website accessed 14/07/2015 (2) website accessed 14/07/

10 Magnitude of Impacts A level of impact magnitude (see Table 12.2) will be assigned taking into consideration the following: participants in the labour force; the level of occupational skills available in the wider study area; the nature of disruption to social receptors, including scale and duration of effect. Table 12.2 Magnitude of Impacts (adverse or positive) Impact Description Magnitude Large The impact will dominate over baseline conditions. Impacts would be experienced at an international or national scale. The number of jobs lost or created in the wider study area would be greater than 250. Impacts would be of long-term duration (i.e. greater than 5 years). Impacts will be experienced by large numbers of businesses and/or people (with number depending on the local context). Medium An impact that can be demonstrated to change the baseline conditions. Noticeable impacts would arise judged to be important at a regional, or subregional scale, either because there are large impacts on few receptors or smaller impacts on a larger proportion of businesses and/or people (with number depending on the local context). The number of jobs lost or created would be greater than 50, but fewer than 250. Impacts would be medium-term (i.e. 3-5 years). Small An impact that will result in a perceptible difference from baseline conditions. Small scale impacts would arise, with a small number of affected businesses and/or people (with number depending on the local context). The number of jobs lost or created in the SEAOI would be greater than 10, but fewer than 50. Impacts would be short-term (i.e. 1-2 years). Negligible An impact that does not result in a variation beyond the baseline conditions. Impacts are unlikely to measurably affect the well-being of businesses and/or people. Very minor loss or benefit. Tourism Facilities and Visitor Economy Construction and Operation Phase As described in the baseline context section of this document (Section ), there are limited numbers of recreation and tourism facilities within 2 km of the site, none of which will be directly affected by the Proposed Development. Effects on visitor and user patterns in terms of numbers and / or their patterns of expenditure are not expected. Secondary effects on tourism facilities located between 2 and 15 km from the site are also not anticipated as a result of the nature of the Proposed Development and the characteristics of the wider visitor economy. Beyond providing a baseline context, effects on tourism facilities and the visitor economy are therefore not considered in further detail as part of this socio-economic assessment

11 Magnitude of Impact Significance of Effects Significance is the term used to categorise the effect, e.g. not significant, minor, moderate and major, and can be positive or negative. It takes into account the sensitivity of the receptor and the magnitude of impacts. Effects of minor significance and above are considered to be significant for the purposes of this socio-economic assessment and the EIA Regulations. Criteria specific to socio-economic factors have been adopted in defining the hierarchies of receptor sensitivity and impact magnitude. In line with accepted EIA practice, the sensitivity of receptors is considered against the magnitude of impact to determine the significance of effect, as shown in Table 12.3). Table 12.3 Significance of Effects Small Adverse/ Beneficial Perceptible difference from baseline conditions, but impact is local, temporary and affects a small proportion of receptors. Medium Adverse / Beneficial Clear change from baseline conditions that affects a substantial area or number of people and/or is of medium duration, potentially sub-regional/regional in scale. Large Adverse Change dominates over baseline conditions. Affects the majority of the area or population in the area of influence and/or persists over many years. The impact may be experienced over a regional/national area. Low Labour force/skills available; locally important receptor; ability to adapt to changes. Sensitivity of Receptors Medium Constrained labour/skills supply; regionally / locally important receptor; medium adaptability to change; principally used by sensitive groups. High No/low labour /skills supply; international / national receptor; solely used by sensitive groups. Not significant Minor Moderate Minor Moderate Major Moderate Major Major 12-11

12 Activities Identified with the Potential for Cumulative Effects with the Proposed Development One project has been identified as having the potential for cumulative effects with the Proposed Development: the Lincolnshire Lakes development Mitigation Measures Where significant adverse effects are assessed, mitigation measures are outlined. Mitigation measures are described discretely to address construction, operation and decommissioning impacts BASELINE CONDITIONS Baseline conditions in relation to the following socio-economic receptor groups are considered in turn: demography; deprivation; employment and economic profile; business operators; and recreational, community and tourism features and visitor economy. Super Output Areas (SOAs) are the smallest land parcels for which census and other socio-economic data are collected. The Proposed Development is located within SOAs North Lincolnshire 006A and 006C which are both within Axholme North Ward, North Lincolnshire District, and Yorkshire and the Humber. This is shown in Figure The local area of influence comprises the following: North Lincolnshire 006A SOA; North Lincolnshire 006C SOA; Axholme North Ward; North Lincolnshire; Bassetlaw District; City of Kingston upon Hull; Doncaster District; East Riding of Yorkshire; Selby District; and West Lindsey District

13 North Lincolnshire District Axholme North Ward PROJECTION: British National Grid Site Boundary North Lincolnshire District Axholme North Wards Super Output Area North Lincolnshire 006A North Lincolnshire 006C OpenStreetMap (and) contributors, CC-BY-SA Contains OS data Crown Copyright and database right 2015; Reproduced with the permission of the British Geological Survey NERC. All rights reserved, Natural England, English Heritage, National Grid, RSPB 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 Meters SCALE: As scale bar VERSION: A05 SIZE: A3 DRAWN: GB PROJECT: CHECKED: AM DATE: 30/11/2015 APPROVED:KM ± Fig 12.2 Location of the Proposed Development Path: P:\Projects\ _KeadbyGIS_GB_KM\MAPS\EIA\12_Social\ _Social_LcoationProposed_A02.mxd

14 The wider area of influence comprises the following: Barnsley District; Bassetlaw District; City of Kingston upon Hull; Doncaster District; East Lindsey District; East Riding of Yorkshire; Leeds District; Lincoln District; Mansfield District; Newark and Sherwood District; North East Lincolnshire; North Kesteven District; North Lincolnshire; Rotherham District; Selby District; Wakefield District; West Lindsey District; and York. The wider region comprises the following: East Midlands; and Yorkshire and the Humber. The baseline description below focuses on the local area of influence. Full data sets for the local and wider areas of influence and the wider region are presented in Annex J SSE Activities in Proximity to Keadby II Keadby I, adjacent to the Proposed Development site, is a gas-fired power station which started operating in 1996 and has a generation capacity of 735MW. An additional 12 employees are based at the onsite Embedded/CHP Group offices between 08:30 and 16:30. With Keadby I available for operation, an additional 18 new employees will be required for the Proposed Development. SSE Renewables acquired the 34 turbine Keadby wind farm project in North Lincolnshire in May 2011 which is adjacent to the Keadby II site. It has an installed capacity of 68MW and was completed in summer 2014 at which point it was the largest onshore windfarm in England Demography The two SOAs in which the Proposed Development is located had a combined residential population of 3,244 persons at the 2011 Census, of which 50% were male and 50% were female. It had a population density of 7.5 persons per hectare, compared with 0.9 persons per hectare for Axholme North Ward, 2.9 persons per hectare for the East Midlands and 35.9 persons per hectare 12-14

15 for Kingston upon Hull. The population density of the immediate area surrounding the Proposed Development site is typical of a semi-rural landscape. The age profile of the local area of influence in 2011 was broadly consistent across the component SOAs, ward and districts, with around 20% of residents aged 0-15, around 60% of residents aged and 20% aged 60 and over (see Figure 12.3). Figure 12.3 Age Profile of Local Area of Influence, 2011 Source: ONS Neighbourhood Statistics, 2011 (KS102EW), website accessed 10/06/ Deprivation The Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) is a measure of deprivation and is nationally recognised. The IMD 2007 provides a numerical measure of deprivation for each SOA in England. It utilises indicators, combined into seven domains : income deprivation, employment, health and disability, education, skills and training, barriers to housing and services, crime; and living environment. Each SOA is allocated an IMD score and ranking that represents a comparative deprivation for the domains, against all SOAs. These are combined into a single, overall deprivation score for each SOA which is also commonly ranked, with lower ranking SOAs being more deprived. In 2010 and 2007, the SOA ranked 1 was the most deprived and the SOA ranked was the least deprived. The 2010 and 2007 IMD ranks for the two SOAs within which the Proposed Development is located are presented in Table 12.4 below. These data show notable differences between the deprivation ranks for the two SOAs. For all indicators except barriers to housing and services, residents of North Lincolnshire 006C are less deprived, overall, than residents of North Lincolnshire 006A

16 The relative deprivation of North Lincolnshire 006A generally increased between 2007 and 2010, and in 2010 the SOA had above average deprivation for all except one of the IMD indicators. Furthermore, the SOA ranked within the most deprived quartile for three IMD indicators in 2010: employment, health deprivation and disability and education, skills and training. Conversely, the relative deprivation of North Lincolnshire 006C generally decreased between 2007 and However, for the two indicators where relative deprivation increased, the increase took the SOA from having below median deprivation to above median deprivation (housing and services and crime). Table 12.4 Index of Multiple Deprivation for the two SOAs within which the Proposed Development is located North Lincolnshire 006A North Lincolnshire 006C Rank of Index of Multiple Deprivation Score Rank of Income Score Rank of Employment Score Rank of Health Deprivation and Disability Score Rank of Education Skills and Training Score Rank of Barriers to Housing and Services Score Rank of Crime Score Rank of Living Environment Score Key: Top 10% most deprived is ranks Top 10% - 25% most deprived is ranks Between median and 25% most deprived ranks are Between median and 25% least deprived ranks are Top 10% - 25% least deprived is ranks Top 10% least deprived is ranks Source: ONS Neighbourhood Statistics, website accessed 10/06/ Employment and Economic Profile Economic Activity The component SOAs and ward each had an economic activity rate for residents aged of 71% in This rate is broadly similar to that experienced in the other districts within the local and wider areas of influence and the regional area. Within the local area of influence, Kingston upon Hull and Doncaster both had slightly lower economic activity rates (67%) and Selby had a slightly higher rate (74%) (see Figure 12.4)

17 Figure 12.4 Economic Activity in the Local Area of Influence, 2011 Source: ONS Neighbourhood Statistics, 2011 (QS601EW), website accessed 10/06/2015 Job Seekers Allowance Claimants The number of residents claiming Job Seekers Allowance (JSA) and National Insurance credits is a commonly-used proxy indicator for unemployment levels. JSA is payable to people under pensionable age who are available for, and actively seeking, work of at least 40 hours a week. JSA claimant data was collected at SOA level until July 2014 and is not collected at ward level. Therefore, the latest data available identify 37 residents within SOAs North Lincolnshire 006A and 006C as claiming JSA July 2014). Figure 12.5 presents JSA claimant data for the districts and Unitary Authorities which comprise the Local Area of Influence. The proportion of residents claiming JSA cannot easily be calculated on a monthly or quarterly basis as total population counts are not undertaken at this frequency. However typical JSA claimant count rates are between 1% and 10% of the resident population aged Figure 12.5 demonstrates that the number of residents claiming JSA peaked between January2012 and January Since this time, the number of residents claiming JSA has substantially decreased; although for many of the areas claimant rates remained at approximately the same level from October 2014 to April

18 Figure 12.5 Number of JSA Claimants in the Local Area of Influence, Source: Nomis, (website accessed 11/06/2015) Qualifications The highest level of qualification achieved provides a valuable proxy for educational attainment level. Figure 12.6 presents the highest level of qualification achieved for the Local Area of Influence in These data indicate that residents of SOA North Lincolnshire 006A generally achieved lower qualifications than those of SOA North Lincolnshire 006C and all other areas for which data were gathered. For example, 13% of residents of North Lincolnshire 006A aged 16 and over achieving Level 4 qualifications and above (including HNCs, HNDs, BTECs, Batchelor s Degree, Master s Degree, PhD), compared with 23% in North Lincolnshire 006C, 19% in Axholme North Ward and 20% in North Lincolnshire. 50% of residents of North Lincolnshire 006A aged 16 and over achieved no Level 1 qualifications compared with 36% in North Lincolnshire 006C, 42% in Axholme North Ward and 42% in North Lincolnshire. When considered alongside the IMD data presented above; the conclusion that North Lincolnshire 006A is more socio-economically disadvantaged than North Lincolnshire 006C is reinforced

19 Figure 12.6 Highest Level of Qualification Achieved of residents within the Local Area of Influence aged 16 and over, 2011 Source: ONS Neighbourhood Statistics, 2011 (QS501EW), website accessed 10/06/2015 Occupation Type The occupation type of residents provides further insight into the socioeconomic classification of the area of influence. Figure 12.7 shows the percentage of residents aged employed within each occupation type in These data show that a notably lower proportion of residents of SOA North Lincolnshire 006A were employed in intermediate, lower managerial and higher managerial occupations (27%) than of SOA North Lincolnshire 006C (43%). Conversely, 40% in North Lincolnshire 006A were employed in routine and semi-routine occupations compared with 26% in North Lincolnshire 006C. This again supports the conclusion that North Lincolnshire 006A suffers from greater socio-economic deprivation. Beyond the immediate area surrounding the Proposed Development, typically around 25% of residents aged employed were employed in higher and lower managerial and around 30%were employed in routine and semi-routine occupations

20 Figure 12.7 Occupation Type of Residents Aged within the Local Area of Influence, 2011 Source: ONS Neighbourhood Statistics, 2011 (QS607EW), website accessed 10/06/ Business Operators Data regarding the industry of employment for residents of the local and wider study areas provide valuable indication of the types of local businesses and principal industry sectors within the local and regional economy. More than three quarters of residents aged 16 to 74 in employment within the local and wider study areas were employed within nine industrial sectors in 2011, as presented in Table Of particular relevance to the Proposed Development, 10% of residents of Axholme North Ward aged were employed in construction, amounting to 416 jobs. Within the local area of influence in 2011 there were 53,475 residents employed in construction activities

21 North Lincs. 006A North Lincs. 006C Axholme North Ward North Lincolnshire Bassetlaw Kingston upon Hull, City of Doncaster East Riding of Yorkshire Selby West Lindsey Table 12.5 Percentage of Residents Aged Employed Within the Most Common Industries C Manufacturing F Construction G Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles and Motor Cycles H Transport and Storage Q Human Health and Social Work Activities N Administrative and Support Service Activities P Education O Public Administration and Defence; Compulsory Social Security I Accommodation and Food Service Activities Source: ONS Neighbourhood Statistics, 2011 (QS605EW), website accessed 10/06/ Recreational, Community and Tourism Facilities and Visitor Economy The Regional Value of Tourism 2011 (1) report published by the ONS provides analysis of tourism spending, GVA and employment at a sub-regional level and provides valuable data regarding the visitor economy of the Proposed Development area of influence. These data include domestic day visitors, and therefore also incorporate use of some recreational and community facilities. The report states that in 2011, tourism expenditure totalled 6,670 million in the Yorkshire and The Humber area, of which 338 million was spent in North and North East Lincolnshire. A further 6,009 million was spent in East Midlands in the same year. The majority of this expenditure came from domestic day visitors and domestic overnight visitors (53%and 27% respectively in Yorkshire and The Humber; and 60% and 22% respectively in East Midlands). The tourism generated GVA generated in Yorkshire and The (1) (website accessed 11/02/2015) 12-21

22 Humber was 2.4 billion, in East Midlands was 2.2 billion and in North and North East Lincolnshire in 2011 was 0.12 billion. Ordnance Survey mapping was reviewed to identify community and recreational facilities in close proximity to the Proposed Development site. The closest settlements to the site are Keadby, Gunness and Althorpe which are both villages containing local community and recreational facilities such as schools, churches and playing fields. Scunthorpe is located approximately 5km to the east and Doncaster is located approximately 25km to the west of the Proposed Development, both of which contain a substantially greater range of community and recreational facilities. Residents are expected to frequently travel to these conurbations to use their facilities, given their proximity within 30 minutes drive from the Proposed Development. The Definitive Map for Keadby indicates three Public Rights of Way (PRoW) adjoining or adjacent to the site: Byway B.1392 which follows the path of Rivers Torne and Trent in proximity to the Proposed Development, Bridleway 10 and Footpath 9 (1). The Stainforth and Keadby Canal currently has limited access for pedestrians, cyclists and anglers; however North Lincolnshire Council has entered into an agreement with the Canal & River Trust to introduce a multiuser path along the Stainforth and Keadby Canal (2). This is due to be completed in Easter 2017 and will link Crowle to Scunthorpe by way of a continuous path which will pass the Keadby I Power Station and Proposed Development. Tourism and recreation facilities and accommodation receptors, excluding PRoW, located within, or just outside, the Tourism Area of Influence have been identified through review of Google Earth and Ordnance Survey mapping and local web-based tourism resources (3). These include the following types of receptors: camping and caravanning sites; country park and gardens; equestrian centres, angling sites, fisheries and farms; golf courses; historic houses and museums; hotel and accommodation; nature reserves; public buildings and recreation; and other tourist attractions The closest tourism and recreation facilities, excluding PRoW, to the Proposed Development Site are the Church Farm Trails and Fenestra Conference Centre (public building and recreation) and the North Lincolnshire Shopping Park (other tourist attractions), both of which are located approximately 2.5 km (1) Keadby and Althorpe Definitive Map, available at: (accessed on 7th July 2015) (2) Stainforth & Keadby Canal Installation of Multiuser Path consultation document (accessed 17th December 2015) (3) Principally and (websites accessed 11 th July 2015) 12-22

23 to the east of the site. Whilst not all accommodation receptors and tourism facilities are likely to be included on this mapping (for example small B&Bs and guest houses), the majority of receptors will be identified through this approach. The receptors identified are shown in Figure The ONS tourism statistics demonstrate that tourism provides a valuable contribution to regional and sub-regional economies. The review of recreational and tourism receptors within the tourism area of influence indicates that while a range of facilities are readily available within 30 minutes drive from the Proposed Development site, none are located within 2km of the site with the exception of a small number of PRoW/footpaths. As a result of the limited number of recreation and tourism facilities within 2 km of the site, none of which will be directly affected by the Proposed Development, effects on visitor and user patterns in terms of numbers and / or their patterns of expenditure are not expected. Secondary effects on tourism facilities located between 2 and 15 km from the site are also not anticipated as a result of the nature of the Proposed Development and the characteristics of the wider visitor economy. Effects on tourism facilities and the visitor economy are therefore not considered in further detail as part of this socioeconomic assessment

24 Site Location [ t Camping and Caravaning Combined Site M ³ M ³ M ³ ³! e [ t! j! j! j! j e! t s Tourism Area of Influence Hotel and Accommodation Historic House and Museums Public Building and Recreation Country Park and Gardens Equestrian, Angling, Fishery and Farm Nature Reserve Golf Course Other Tourist Attraction [ t M ³ t [ t!s j s t t s [ t ³ t s [ t! j u To ³ ³ ³ r is m! e PROJECTION: British National Grid e en M ³ ce! j t s t s M ³ e!! j SOURCE: OpenStreetMap (and) contributors, CC-BY-SA. Tourism Data: Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right 2016; and tt[ s kilometres Ar f lu! e In ³ t³ s! [ j t of t s! e M ³ a M ³ ³ M ³ ³ M ³! j ³ ³ SCALE: See Scale Bar VERSION: A01 SIZE: A3 DRAWN: GB PROJECT: CHECKED: CA DATE: 02/02/2016 APPROVED: KM ± Figure 12.8 Recreation and Tourism Facilities (excluding PRoW) within the Tourism Area of Influence Path: P:\Projects\ _KeadbyGIS_GB_KM\MAPS\EIA\12_Social\ _Tourism_A03.mxd

25 12.4 ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTS Assessment of Effects during Construction Employment Effects It anticipated that construction of Keadby II will require 13,896 months worth of construction manpower, spread over the 36 month construction period. An estimated 500 construction jobs will be generated during peak construction in eight skills groupings: civil, mechanical structure, piping, insulation, mechanical installation, electrical and control and instrumentation (C&I), commissioning, and supervision. These are represented graphically below in Figure SSE and its contractors will provide training to these employees, as required, to ensure they are capable of undertaking the work safely and to high technical standard. As noted previously, construction phase effects will be assessed on the basis of ten years of construction worker jobs being equal to one FTE job, as per HM Treasury Guidance. The anticipated 13,896 months worth of construction manpower generated by the project is therefore calculated as the equivalent of approximately 116 FTE during this 36 month period. Whilst the Proposed Development does not have a specific target area over which economic benefits are targeted, SSE promotes local employment and procurement where possible. In the context of the Proposed Development, this is considered to be within the wider area of influence which is defined by a 45 minute drive time from the site. Prior to commencement of construction, a Meet The Buyer day will be held locally, providing an opportunity for links to be made between the principal contractor and the local supply chain. The local area of influence contains the urban areas of Scunthorpe, Gainsborough and Doncaster as well as various towns and villages. The wider area of influence contains the urban areas of Kingston upon Hull and Selby as well as many towns and villages. These areas contain pools of construction workers (typically around 9% of economically active residents aged 15-74), as well as unemployed residents who are seeking employment. As such, limited employment leakage is anticipated. The English Partnerships Additionality Guidance presents suggested leakage multipliers. Where, the majority of benefits will go to people living within the target area, a leakage of 10% is suggested. Given the availability of workforce within the wider area of influence, this level of leakage is considered likely, resulting in leakage of approximately 12 FTE equivalent jobs. Overall, the Proposed Development is anticipated to generate 104 FTE equivalent employment opportunities during construction within the wider area of influence, which is a medium magnitude effect. In the context of the low sensitivity to employment generation of the wider area of influence, this is considered to equate to a minor beneficial significance of effect. This will contribute to meeting North Lincolnshire s Core Strategy policy aspiration that the Proposed Development will support expansion and improvement of North Lincolnshire s economy

26 Figure 12.9 Anticipated Construction Manpower Distribution Curve Mechanical - Structure Civil Piping Insulation Mechanical Installation Electrical and C&I Commissioning Supervision

27 Economic Effects Construction of the Proposed Development will bring investment to the local and wider areas of influence as well as the wider region and nationally as a result of direct expenditure by SSE on labour and construction materials. SSE has estimated investment of approximately 500 million during construction, of the Proposed Development. Further detail regarding the geographical source of construction materials and equipment associated with the Proposed Development will emerge following tendering of construction contractors. This direct investment will result in substantial indirect and induced economic benefits. These will occur as a result of indirect and induced expenditure by those employed by the Proposed Development and by businesses and individuals along the supply chain. At the current stage of the Proposed Development, it is not possible to estimate the quantum of indirect and induced investment that will occur, as this is heavily dependent upon the successful contractors. This expenditure is net additional expenditure: it would not take place without the Proposed Development, and will not be offset by reductions of output elsewhere. The economic benefits arising from the Proposed Development are therefore anticipated to be of medium magnitude. These effects are likely to benefit a range of sectors, each of which is anticipated to have low sensitivity. Overall, economic impacts are therefore expected to be of minor beneficial significance. As with construction effects, this will contribute to meeting North Lincolnshire s Core Strategy policy aspiration that the Proposed Development will support expansion and improvement of North Lincolnshire s economy. Demographic Effects and Disruption to Local Communities While some immigration to the local and wider areas of influence for employment opportunities is expected, principally for the highly skilled and/or niche construction or supervisory roles, the scale of this is not anticipated to be sufficient to affect the demographic characteristics of the local or wider areas of influence. No perceptible difference from baseline conditions is expected in relation to demand for housing, accommodation or local services, and therefore no additional provision of local services or infrastructure is required. The Proposed Development is located at the site of an existing Power Station, approximately 150m at its closest point from the closest residential receptor. Temporary disruption to the local community and reduced amenity for directly affected properties may occur during construction, as a result of increased traffic, air quality, dust and noise effects. These effects are not anticipated to be greater than minor, with individual receptors having low sensitivity. Appropriate management will be implemented to reduce disruption to the local community; through sensitive timing of construction activities and specific construction management plans, including the Construction Environment Management Plan (CEMP) and Traffic Management Plan. No greater than negligible adverse effects are anticipated in respect of disruption to local communities and amenity