Combating Marine Plastic Debris in Indonesia

Transcription

1 Combating Marine Plastic Debris in Indonesia Nani Hendiarti Director for Maritime Science and Technology Science to Enable and Empower Asia Pacific for SDGs Jakarta, July 30 th,

2 THE IMPACT OF PLASTIC DEBRIS TOURISM: The plastic waste in oceans covers a lot of tourist attractions and coastal areas. ENVIRONMENT AND UNDERWATER LIFE: Millions of underwater life are threatened by the plastic waste in oceans. HUMAN HEALTH: More than half of three samples of fish which traded have been found that it has consumed a plastic or micro/nanoplastic. 2

3 LEAKAGE PLASTIC FROM LAND TO OCEANS ENVIRONMENT IN INDONESIA 150 Millions popullation 38 Millions ton/year increase of garbage 80 % Leakage of plastic waste comes from land 17 Ton Millions/year waste is not organized. 45% waste is throw away to drains, park and burned. 30% Leakage of waste is plastic 1,29 Millions ton matrix/year leakage of plastic waste to oceans. Sumber: Bank Dunia (2017); Analisa tim 3

4 Indonesian through flow and ocean current pattern flow along Indonesia become source of marine debris from other countries Makasar Str Maluku Sea Seram Sea Halmahera Sea Banda Sea SJC Lombok Str Flores Sea Ombai Str Timor Passage 4

5 87 CITY / BIG DISTRICT AND COASTALS CONTRIBUTING 80% TO DEBRIS MARINE HAS BEEN IDENTIFIED Medan Manado Bitung Padang Batam Balikpapan Bandar Lampung Makasaar Serang Jakarta Indramayu Rembang Sampang Bandung Yogyakarta Surabaya Situbondo Denpasar Lombok Tengah 5

6 COMMITMENT OF THE INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT - President Joko Widodo - Indonesia will reduce a waste by 3R (reduce-reuse-recycle) until 30% to 2025, while target a reduction plastic waste as much as 70% in On the Leaders Retreat, G20 Summit, Hamburg-Germany, Friday, 7 July 2017 Statement of the National Action Plan for Plastic Waste at Oceans ( ) in June Follow up: R-Perpres by Coordinating Minister Luhut B. Pandjaitan; Upstream-downstream waste management by LHK Minister Siti Nurbaya; Improvement of solid waste management by Minister of Public Works Basuki Hadimuljono; Campaign of Waste Management at oceans by Minister of KKP Susi Pudjiastuti. 6

7 5 STRATEGIES IN NATIONAL ACTION PLANS JUMLAH KEGIATAN 1. BEHAVIORAL CHANGE 2. REDUCED LAND-BASED LEAKAGE 3. REDUCED SEA-BASED LEAKAGE 4. ENHANCED LAW ENFORCEMENT AND FINANCIAL 5. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Achieving the target of plastic waste reduction at sea is implemented in an integrated manner through the program in 16 Ministries and Institutions with 59 activities supporting the above 5 Strategies 7

8 Cross-Government Collaboration Approach 5 Strategies and 59 Activities involving 16 Ministries / Agencies 1. Behavioral Change: educate youth campaign increase awareness awards school curriculum train waste sorting KEMEN PUPR KEMEN HUB KLHK KEMENPERIN KKP 1. Reducing Leaks through Land: Solid waste management Recycling industries producing bio / degradable plastics Reuse of plastic waste (plastic asphalt roads) handling plastic waste from housing & rivers Payable plastic bags 2. Reducing Waste Leakage from Activities at Sea:? Reception facilities at ports Bilateral & regional collaborations Collecting plastic waste from coastal and marine areas Plastic waste management in tourism 3. Law Enforcement and Funding:? Supervision and monitoring financing commitments public health and ecological risk assessments due to microplastic application of incentives and disincentives 4. Research and development: 5. biodigradable plastic from cassava / seaweed / palm oil impact on human health innovation & technology for circular economy waste to energy solutions 8

9 FUNDING, OPPORTUNITIES AND STAKEHOLDERS 1. National budget (APBN and APBD) 2. Public Private Partneship (PPP) and CSR (BUMN) 3. Bilateral & Regional Cooperation NGO and Communities 6 Related Ministries 1 2 Local Governments 4. International Organization Supports (WB, GEF, UNEP) 5. NGO, Volunteer, and Communities Support 6. Blended Finance,.. International Strategic Partners 5 4 Academics and Experts 3 Private Sectors 9

10 W H A T H A V E B E E N D O N E COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR Behavioral Change 1. Educating youth 2. Curriculum of School 3. Campaign 4. Beach and Ocean Clean Up Waste Management 1. Circular Economy 2. Plastic Tar Road 3. Citarum Restoration 4. Biodegardable Plastics Partnership 1. Alliance Marine Plastic Solutions. 2.Multi Donor Trust Fund (MDTF) 3. East Asia Summit 4. APEC 10

11 CITARUM River Clean Up Actions COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR The Citarum river, now known as one of the most polluted in the world, 70 km east of Jakarta, Indonesia, the river Citarum runs over 270 km from the Wayang Mountain (west Java) to the Java Sea. JAKARTA CITARUM RIVER WEST JAVA The island s largest river supports more than 26 million residents who rely on the water source for agricultural, domestic and personal use. Plastic, packaging, and other detritus floats in the scummy water, rendering the river s surface invisible beneath its carpet of junk. Need an integrated and comprehensive rapid actions 80% Marine Debris is land-based leakage BEFORE April 2017 Indonesia Open to Collaborations ON GOING. AFTER Januari

12 Developing Plastic-Tar Roads Reduced plastic waste; 6-8% of plastic waste in the asphalt mixed; Production costs can save up to 10%; Durability and stability of the roads increased 40% of trials in Denpasar-Bali and Bekasi-Jakarta. Collaboration with TCE India 12

13 CONCLUSIONS National Plan of Actions (NPoA) for Marine Plastic Debris Management Increasing Research and Innovation to support the NPoA Indonesia Open to Collaborations Presidential Decree on MPD Coordination among stakeholders Monitoring system Marine nanoplastics debris impact Technology utilization B2B, G2G, PPP, R&D, NGOs, Community based, etc. 13

14 T h a n k Y o u 14

15 APPENDIX 15

16 CITARUM River Clean Up Actions 16

17 Proposal on SWM Program by World Bank Component 01 Component 02 Component 03 Component 04 Developments of institutions and policies. Planning support and capacity building for the government and the community. Infrastructure and dan waste management services in cities that fall into categories. Implementation of support and technical assistance Central Government (e.g. KLHK, PUPR, ESDM, KEMENDAGRI) institutional analysis and strategic studies are needed to support policy reform, planning, and capacity building in waste management Direct assistance to cities across Indonesia to improve the planning and management of cleaning services (about 50 cities) Assistance for construction of large infrastructure areas including advanced processing technology (around 10 cities) and several smaller investments (20-30 cities) - Adapted to city capacity Provide technical assistance, consulting services and Program Management Units (PMUs) at the national, provincial and district levels if necessary 17

18 MAJORITY OF COASTAL CITIES STILL SHOWING LOW COMMITMENTS FOR TROUBLE WASTE An average of APDB Allocation to trouble waste in Recommendation WB : $15/capita/year or atau 3-5% from APBD An average cost/ton ( $ 20 ) Sumber: Diolah dari data World Bank. 18