2015 Updating and Screening Assessment, 2016 Progress Report and 2017 Progress Report: Derry and Strabane District Council

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1 2015 Updating and Screening Assessment, 2016 Progress Report and 2017 Progress Report: Derry and Strabane District Council April 2017

2 Air Quality Assessment Document Control Client Principal Contact Mark McCrystal Job Number J2520 Report Prepared By: Dr Imogen Heard and Dr Clare Beattie Document Status and Review Schedule Report No. Date Status Reviewed by J2520/A/D2 28 April 2017 Draft Prof. Duncan Laxen (Managing Director) This report has been prepared by Air Quality Consultants Ltd on behalf of the Client, taking into account the agreed scope of works. Unless otherwise agreed, this document and all other Intellectual Property Rights remain the property of Air Quality Consultants Ltd. In preparing this report, Air Quality Consultants Ltd has exercised all reasonable skill and care, taking into account the objectives and the agreed scope of works. Air Quality Consultants Ltd does not accept any liability in negligence for any matters arising outside of the agreed scope of works. The Company operates a formal Quality Management System, which is certified to ISO 9001:2008, and a formal Environmental Management System, certified to ISO 14001:2015. QMF 08. When issued in electronic format, Air Quality Consultants Ltd does not accept any responsibility for any unauthorised changes made by others. When printed by Air Quality Consultants Ltd, this report will be on Evolve Office, 100% Recycled paper. Air Quality Consultants Ltd 23 Coldharbour Road, Bristol BS6 7JT Tel: Burwood Place, London W2 2UT Tel: aqc@aqconsultants.co.uk Registered Office: 12 St Oswalds Road, Bristol, BS6 7HT Companies House Registration No:

3 Local Authority Officer Mark McCrystal Department Pollution Control and Consumer Safety Derry City Council Address 98 Strand Road Derry BT48 7NN Telephone Ext Report Reference number J2520/A/D2 Date April 2017 LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

4 Executive Summary This report fulfils the requirements of the Local Air Quality Management process as set out in the Environment (Northern Ireland) Order 2002, the Air Quality Strategy for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland 2007 and the relevant Policy and Technical Guidance documents. Results from monitoring by the Council are presented and sources of air pollution are identified. This report confirms that air quality within the area continues to meet the relevant air quality objectives at locations of relevant exposure, with the exception of locations within existing Air Quality Management Areas (AQMAs). There were no exceedences of any objectives outside the existing AQMA boundaries, or within the Strand Road AQMA. It is recommended that the extent of the Spencer Road AQMA is reduced to reflect the 2014 Detailed Assessment and that the Strand Road AQMA is revoked. The remaining AQMAs are considered appropriate and should remain unchanged. There is no requirement to proceed to a Detailed Assessment for any pollutant. The report has not identified any significant changes in emissions sources within the area. There have been no new relevant industrial installations and no new significant commercial, domestic or fugitive sources of emissions. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

5 Table of contents 1 Introduction Description of Local Authority Area Purpose of Report Air Quality Objectives Summary of Previous Review and Assessments New Monitoring Data Summary of Monitoring Undertaken Automatic Monitoring Sites Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites Comparison of Monitoring Results with Air Quality Objectives Nitrogen Dioxide PM Sulphur Dioxide Benzene PM Ozone (O 3 ) Summary of Compliance with AQS Objectives Road Traffic Sources Narrow Congested Streets with Residential Properties Close to the Kerb Busy Streets Where People May Spend 1-hour or More Close to Traffic Roads with a High Flow of Buses and/or HGVs Junctions New Roads Constructed or Proposed Since the Last Round of Review and Assessment Roads with Significantly Changed Traffic Flows Bus and Coach Stations Other Transport Sources Airports Railways (Diesel and Steam Trains) Stationary Trains Moving Trains Ports (Shipping) Industrial Sources Industrial Installations New or Proposed Installations for which an Air Quality Assessment has been Carried Out Existing Installations where Emissions have Increased Substantially or New Relevant Exposure has been Introduced LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

6 5.1.3 New or Significantly Changed Installations with No Previous Air Quality Assessment Major Fuel (Petrol) Storage Depots Petrol Stations Poultry Farms Commercial and Domestic Sources Biomass Combustion Individual Installations Biomass Combustion Combined Impacts Domestic Solid-Fuel Burning Fugitive or Uncontrolled Sources Planning Applications Conclusions and Proposed Actions Conclusions from New Monitoring Data Conclusions from Assessment of Sources Proposed Actions References Appendices LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

7 1 Introduction 1.1 Description of Local Authority Area area was formed in 2015 by the merger of Derry City Council and Strabane District Council, and is located in the west of Northern Ireland. Derry City is the second-largest city in Northern Ireland, situated on the River Foyle, and includes Foyle Port and the City of Derry Airport within its boundaries. Road transport emissions have previously been found to be the dominant source of air pollution in the Derry City area. The remainder of the district is largely rural in character, the largest population centre outside Derry being Strabane Town. 1.2 Purpose of Report This report fulfils the requirements of the Local Air Quality Management process as set out in the Environment (Northern Ireland) Order 2002, the Air Quality Strategy for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland 2007 and the relevant Policy and Technical Guidance documents. The LAQM process places an obligation on all local authorities to regularly review and assess air quality in their areas, and to determine whether or not the air quality objectives are likely to be achieved. Where exceedences are considered likely, the local authority must then declare an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and prepare an Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) setting out the measures it intends to put in place in pursuit of the objectives. The objective of this Updating and Screening Assessment and Progress Report is to identify any matters that have changed which may lead to risk of an air quality objective being exceeded. A checklist approach and screening tools are used to identify significant new sources or changes and whether there is a need for a Detailed Assessment. The USA report should provide an update of any outstanding information requested previously in Review and Assessment reports. 1.3 Air Quality Objectives The air quality objectives applicable to LAQM in Northern Ireland are set out in the Air Quality Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2003, Statutory Rules of Northern Ireland LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

8 2003, no. 342, and are shown in Table 1.1. This table shows the objectives in units of microgrammes per cubic metre µg/m 3 (milligrammes per cubic metre, mg / m 3 for carbon monoxide) with the number of exceedences in each year that are permitted (where applicable). Table 1.1 Air Quality Objectives included in Regulations for the purpose of LAQM in Northern Ireland Pollutant Benzene Air Quality Objective Concentration Measured as µg/m 3 Running annual mean 3.25 µg/m 3 Running annual mean 1,3-Butadiene 2.25 µg/m 3 Running annual mean Carbon monoxide 10.0 mg/m 3 Running 8-hour mean Lead Nitrogen dioxide Particles (PM 10 ) (gravimetric) Sulphur dioxide Date to be achieved by µg/m 3 Annual mean µg/m 3 Annual mean µg/m 3 not to be exceeded more than 1-hour mean times a year 40 µg/m 3 Annual mean µg/m 3, not to be exceeded more than 24-hour mean times a year 40 µg/m 3 Annual mean µg/m 3, not to be exceeded more than 24 times a year 125 µg/m 3, not to be exceeded more than 3 times a year 266 µg/m 3, not to be exceeded more than 35 times a year 1-hour mean hour mean minute mean Summary of Previous Review and Assessments As part of the review and assessment process, Derry City Council has prepared a number of air quality reports. A summary is provided in Table 1.2. In 2005 an AQMA LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

9 was declared at the Creggan Road / Infirmary Road junction in Derry, in 2011 two AQMAs were declared in Derry at Dale s Corner and at the Buncrana Road / Racecourse Road junction, and in 2012/2013 two further AQMAs were declared at Spencer Road and Strand Road, all for exceedences of the annual mean NO 2 objective. The declared AQMAs are shown in Figures 1.1 to 1.5. Strabane District Council has also completed a number of rounds of air quality review and assessment. Three AQMAs were declared in Strabane, Newtownstewart and Castlederg in 2004 for exceedences of the annual and 24-hour mean PM 10 objectives due to domestic heating. The declared AQMAs are shown in Figures 1.6 to 1.8. An action plan was developed in order to identify measures to reduce ambient concentrations of particles and to attempt to comply with the objectives for PM 10. The Council has also completed updating and screening assessments which did not highlight any other areas of concern that required a detailed assessment to be undertaken. Table 1.2 Summary of Review and Assessment by Derry City Council Report 2004 Detailed Air Quality Modelling of Domestic Fuel Use and Road Traffic Emissions in Derry (Stage 3) 2005 Progress Report 2006 Updating & Screening Assessment Summary Exceedences of the annual mean NO2 concentrations were modelled at the Creggan Road / Infirmary Road junction, and the Council subsequently declared an AQMA in February 2005, and a draft Air Quality Action Plan was released in November The 2004 Detailed Assessment concluded that PM 10 exceedences were not expected; however it was not possible to rule out potential exceedences of the SO2 or PM10 objectives due to the resolution of the modelling undertaken. The 2005 Progress Report provided a review of the most recent monitoring data within the local authority. Automatic monitoring of SO2 and PM10 at Brandywell indicated a large drop in the number of 15-minute and daily mean exceedences, reflecting the decreased use of solid fuel in the area. The Updating & Screening Assessment identified 2 locations to consider for the Detailed Assessment of NO2: Dale s Corner and the Buncrana Road / Racecourse Road Junction.It was concluded that no further assessment was required for carbon monoxide, benzene, 1,3-butadiene, lead or sulphur dioxide, however assessment was required for PM10 at a rural area near Claudy, and in the Culmore Point area. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

10 Report 2007 Detailed Assessment and Further Assessment 2008 Progress Report 2008 Final Air Quality Action Plan 2008 Dale s Corner Detailed Assessment 2009 Updating & Screening Assessment 2010 Air Quality Progress Report and Buncrana Road Detailed Assessment 2010 Dale s Corner Further Assessment Summary A Detailed Assessment was undertaken for Dale s Corner and Buncrana Road / Racecourse Road Junction following measured exceedence of the NO2 annual mean objective. It was determined that a declaration of an AQMA at either location was not required at the time, as the modelling did not confirm exceedences of the air quality objectives at locations of relevant exposure. A Further Assessment was undertaken for the existing AQMA at Creggan Road / Infirmary Road, and it was concluded that there was a continuing need for the AQMA, though no extension was considered necessary. Review of updated NO2 monitoring data for the Creggan Road / Infirmary Road junction confirmed the continuing need for the AQMA. Decreases were seen in concentrations of SO2. The Progress Report proposed that a new detailed dispersion modelling be undertaken at the Dale s Corner junction due to exceedences of the NO2 annual mean objective recorded at a new monitoring diffusion tube site at no.5 Glendermott Road. The final Air Quality Action Plan, released in September 2008, included detailed dispersion modelling to quantify the potential impact of a number of traffic measures, which may be implemented to reduce air pollution in the area of the Creggan Road / Infirmary Road junction. Proposals included the removal of HGVs on specific road links within the AQMA. The assessment confirmed that exceedences of the NO2 annual mean AQS objective were likely at the façade of properties along Glendermott Road and Limavady Road close to the junction and it was recommended that an AQMA encompassing these properties be declared. The Council declared the Dale s Corner AQMA in The Updating & Screening Assessment reviewed and assessed new monitoring data and potential new sources of pollutants within the area. There were no new or significantly changed sources identified which may cause potential exceedences of the AQS objectives. However, the assessment highlighted that a new Detailed Assessment was required with regard to NO2 at Buncrana Road / Racecourse Road junction based on updated monitoring data. Based on updated 2009 monitoring data, the air quality Progress Report 2010 confirmed exceedences of the NO2 annual mean objective at several monitoring sites within the Creggan Road / Infirmary Road and Dale s Corner AQMAs and at the junction of Buncrana Road and Racecourse Road. The Detailed Assessment of Buncrana Road confirmed that a third AQMA was required at the junction for NO2. The Council declared an AQMA at the junction in The report confirmed the need for an AQMA at Dale s Corner and provided detailed information related to source apportionment, population exposure and required reduction of NOx emissions to comply with the AQS objectives. The Further Assessment also considered the impact of several mitigation measures. Conclusions were that the combined effect of these measures would result in significant reductions in NO2 levels, and compliance with the annual mean objective. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

11 Report 2011 Buncrana Road Further Assessment 2011 Progress Report 2012 Air Quality Action Plan Update 2012 Updating & Screening Assessment 2012 Detailed Assessments 2012/2013 AQMA declaration 2013 Progress Report 2014 Detailed Assessment (Draft) 2014 Progress Report Summary The report confirmed the need for an AQMA at Buncrana Road and provided detailed information related to source apportionment, showing that road traffic is the main contributor to overall NO2 levels, population exposure and required reduction of emissions to comply with the AQS objectives. The Further Assessment estimated that the annual mean objective would be met at all locations by 2014, however it was noted that this was an optimistic estimate, as predicted concentrations were likely to be underestimated as shown by recent NO2 monitoring trends across the UK. Review of updated monitoring data showed that areas within the existing AQMAs were still exceeding the NO2 objective. In addition, four new areas of where exceedences were identified in Spencer Road, John Street, Strand Road and Abercorn Road. a Detailed Assessment was therefore recommended. The Air Quality Action Plan update reviewed the first AQAP to incorporate the new AQMAs. The AQAP included details of the traffic measures which may be implemented to reduce air pollution in the identified AQMAs together with an update as to how measures identified in 2008 have been implemented. Review of updated monitoring data showed that areas within the existing AQMAs were still exceeding the NO2 objective. It was noted that concentrations in John Street, Strand Road and Abercorn Road had fallen below objective levels and it was recommended to continue monitoring in these locations. Concentrations at Spencer Road were still exceeding the objectives and a Detailed Assessment was recommended. Based on monitoring results, Derry CC decided to undertake Detailed Assessments at Spencer Road, John Street, Strand Road and Abercorn Road. It was concluded, based on a combination of pollutant monitoring and predictive modelling, that AQMA s be declared at Spencer Road and Strand Road. The report found that there was no requirement to declare for John Street and Abercorn Road. Based upon the outcome of the Detailed Assessments at Spencer Road and Strand Road, two new small AQMA areas were declared. Review of updated monitoring data showed that sites within the existing AQMAs were still exceeding the annual mean NO2 objective. It was therefore recommended to continue to monitor within the AQMAs and surrounding areas including Abercorn Road. The Council proceeded to the review of the Air Quality Action Plan to include the new AQMAs in Strand Road and Spencer Road. The modelling confirmed exceedences of the annual mean NO2 objective within all AQMAs, with the exception of the Strand Road AQMA. The area of exceedence in the Creggan Road and Buncrana Road AQMAs is smaller than when they were declared, therefore amended AQMA boundaries were recommended. Most of the properties in the Review of updated monitoring data showed that sites within the existing AQMAs were still exceeding the annual mean NO2 objective, with the exception of the Strand Road AQMA. It was therefore concluded that the Council could consider potential revocation of the Strand Road AQMA. All other AQMAs are to remain in place. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

12 Figure 1.1 Map of AQMA Boundary Creggan Road Contains Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland data Crown copyright and database right Additional data sourced from third parties, including public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Figure 1.2 Map of AQMA Boundary - Dale s Corner Contains Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland data Crown copyright and database right Additional data sourced from third parties, including public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

13 Figure 1.3 Map of AQMA Boundary Buncrana Road Contains Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland data Crown copyright and database right Additional data sourced from third parties, including public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Figure 1.4 Map of AQMA Boundary Spencer Road Contains Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland data Crown copyright and database right Additional data sourced from third parties, including public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

14 Figure 1.5 Map of AQMA Boundary Strand Road Contains Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland data Crown copyright and database right Additional data sourced from third parties, including public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Figure 1.6 Map of AQMA Boundary - Strabane Contains Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland data Crown copyright and database right Additional data sourced from third parties, including public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

15 Figure 1.7 Map of AQMA Boundary - Castlederg Contains Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland data Crown copyright and database right Additional data sourced from third parties, including public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Figure 1.8 Map of AQMA Boundary - Newtonstewart Contains Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland data Crown copyright and database right Additional data sourced from third parties, including public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

16 2 New Monitoring Data 2.1 Summary of Monitoring Undertaken Automatic Monitoring Sites Derry and Strabane Council operated four automatic monitoring sites within its area in The locations of these sites are described in Table 2.1 and shown in Figures 2.1 and 2.2. The Marlborough Street monitoring station was installed in 2011 and ceased operating in The quality assurance and quality control procedures are set out in Appendix A. Figure 2.1 Map of Automatic Monitoring Sites in Derry Contains Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland data Crown copyright and database right Additional data sourced from third parties, including public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

17 Figure 2.2 Map of Automatic Monitoring Sites in Strabane Contains Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland data Crown copyright and database right Additional data sourced from third parties, including public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

18 Table 2.1 Details of Automatic Monitoring Sites Site Name Rosemount, Derry (AURN) Dale s Corner, Derry Marlborough Street, Derry Springhill Park, Strabane Site Type Urban Background X OS Grid Ref Y OS Grid Ref Pollutants Monitored O 3, NO 2, NOx, SO 2, PM 10, PM 2.5 In AQMA? N Monitoring Technique FDMS and chemiluminescence monitor Roadside NO 2, NOx N chemiluminescence monitor Roadside NO 2, NOx Y Urban Background PM 10, SO 2 Y chemiluminescence monitor beta ray attenuation and UV florescence Relevant Exposure? (Y/N with distance (m) to relevant exposure) N (approx. 50m, background site) Distance to kerb of nearest road (N/A if not applicable) N/A Does this location represent worstcase exposure? N/A Y m 2 m Y Y 1 m 2 m Y Y 1 m 1 m Y LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

19 2.1.2 Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites Derry and Strabane Council operated 24 nitrogen dioxide diffusion tube monitoring sites within its area in The locations of these sites are shown in Figure 2.3 to 2.7 and described in detail in Table 2.2. The following monitors were installed in 2014: HB1, HB2. The following monitors were discontinued in 2014: AB1, AB2, AB3, AB4. The following monitors were discontinued in 2015: C11, C12, C13; S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S9, S10; SP3, SP4, SP5, SP6; and HB1, HB2. Full details of the QA/QC procedure are provided in Appendix A. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

20 Figure 2.3 Map of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites Buncrana Road Contains Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland data Crown copyright and database right Additional data sourced from third parties, including public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Figure 2.4 Map of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites Strand Road Contains Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland data Crown copyright and database right Additional data sourced from third parties, including public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

21 Figure 2.5 Map of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites Creggan Road Contains Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland data Crown copyright and database right Additional data sourced from third parties, including public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Figure 2.6 Map of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites Dale s Corner Contains Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland data Crown copyright and database right Additional data sourced from third parties, including public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

22 Figure 2.7 Map of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites South Derry Contains Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland data Crown copyright and database right Additional data sourced from third parties, including public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

23 Table 2.2 Details of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites Collocated with a Continuous Analyser (Y/N) Relevant Exposure? (Y/N with distance (m) to relevant exposure) Distance to kerb of nearest road (N/A if not applicable) Does this location represent worst-case exposure? Site ID Site Name Site Type X OS Grid Ref Y OS Grid Ref Pollutants Monitored In AQMA? A1-3 Brooke Park Urban background NO 2 N Y (triplicate) N 55 m N/A C1-2 3 Creggan Road Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 2 m Y C3-4 6 Marlborough Terrace Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 4.5 m Y C5-6 22A Creggan Urban Street Background NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 5.5 m Y C7-8 1 Windsor Terrace Roadside NO 2 N N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 3 m Y C Creggan Road Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 4 m Y C Marlborough Street Roadside NO 2 Y Y (triplicate) Y (0 m) 2 m Y D1-3 Dale s Corner Roadside NO 2 N N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 3 m Y D Clooney Urban Terrace Centre NO 2 N N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 6.5 m Y D6-7 5 Glendermott Road Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 2 m Y D Glendermott Road Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 3 m Y D Ebrington Terrace Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 4 m Y D Ebrington Terrace Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 3 m Y D Columba Terrace Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 6 m Y D Melrose Terrace Roadside NO 2 N N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 3 m Y P Messine Suburban NO 2 N N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 14 m Y LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

24 Collocated with a Continuous Analyser (Y/N) Relevant Exposure? (Y/N with distance (m) to relevant exposure) Distance to kerb of nearest road (N/A if not applicable) Does this location represent worst-case exposure? Site ID Site Name Site Type X OS Grid Ref Y OS Grid Ref Pollutants Monitored In AQMA? Park P Messine Park Suburban NO 2 N N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 11 m Y P5-6 8 Maybrook Terrace Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 5 m Y P St Patricks Terrace Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 5 m Y P Collon Terrace Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 5 m Y P Collon Terrace Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 5 m Y S Strand Road Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 3 m Y S3-4 Rockmills Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 10 m Y S5-6 1 Baronet Street Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 6 m Y S Aberfoyle Terrace Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 6 m N S Rock Terrace Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y (0 m) 8 m Y AB Abercorn Road Roadside NO 2 N N (duplicate) Y-0m 2 m Y AB Abercorn Road Roadside NO 2 N N (duplicate) Y-0m 4.5 m Y FR1-2 3 Francis Street Roadside NO 2 N N (duplicate) Y-0m 2 m Y FR Francis Street Roadside NO 2 N N (duplicate) Y-0m 1.5 m Y SP Spencer Road Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y-0m 2 m Y SP Spencer Road Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y-0m 2 m Y SP Spencer Road Roadside NO 2 Y N (duplicate) Y-0m 2m Y HB1-2 3 Harberton Park Background NO 2 N N (duplicate) Y 13 m Y LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

25 2.2 Comparison of Monitoring Results with Air Quality Objectives Nitrogen Dioxide Automatic Monitoring Data The Council monitored NO 2 at three locations in 2014 and 2015, however the Marlborough Street site closed in May 2015 and hence data capture was low at this site in The monitoring data are summarised in Table 2.3 and Table 2.4. Concentrations were below both the annual mean and 1-hour objectives at the Rosemount and Dale s Corner sites in all years. The annual mean objective was exceeded at the Marlborough Street site in all years, while the 1-hour mean was exceeded in 2014 and This site is within the Creggan Road AQMA. Figure 2.8 shows the trends in annual mean NO 2 concentrations at all three sites. The concentrations at Dale s Corner and Rosemount showed two peaks in 2008 and 2010, before displaying a general downward trend until Concentrations at both of these sites have increased again since Concentrations at Marlborough Street decreased between 2011 and 2013 before increasing again in Data have not been included for 2015 at Marlborough Street because data capture was low in that year. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

26 Table 2.3 Results of Automatic Monitoring of Nitrogen Dioxide: Comparison with Annual Mean Objective Within AQMA? Valid Data Capture for monitoring period % a Valid Data Capture % b Annual Mean Concentration mg/m Site Name Site Type Rosemount, Derry Urban (AURN) Background N Dale s Corner, Derry Roadside N Marlborough Street, Derry Roadside Y c - a i.e. data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year. b i.e. data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for six months the maximum data capture for the full calendar year would be 50%). c Low data capture (15%). LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

27 Figure 2.8 Trends in Annual Mean Nitrogen Dioxide Concentrations measures at Automatic Monitoring Sites LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

28 Table 2.4 Results of Automatic Monitoring for Nitrogen Dioxide: Comparison with 1-hour mean Objective Within AQMA? Valid Data Capture for Valid Data Capture % b monitoring period % a Number of Exceedences of Hourly Mean (200 mg/m 3 ) Site ID Site Type Rosemount, Urban Derry (AURN) Background N Dale s Corner, Derry Roadside N Marlborough Street, Derry Roadside Y (181) c (227) c - a i.e. data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year. b i.e. data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for six months the maximum data capture for the full calendar year would be 50%). c Valid data capture is less than 90%, therefore the 99.8 th percentile of hourly means is included in brackets. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

29 Diffusion Tube Monitoring Data The NO 2 diffusion tube data are summarised in Table 2.5 and Table 2.6. The annual mean objective was exceeded at eight sites in each of 2014, 2015 and No exceedences have been recorded outside the existing AQMAs within the past three years. The following sites were found to be exceeding in 2014: C1-2 (Creggan Road AQMA); C5-6 (Creggan Road AQMA); C9-10 (Creggan Road AQMA); C11-13 (Creggan Road AQMA); D6-7 (Dale s Corner AQMA); D8-9 (Dale s Corner AQMA); D10-11 (Dale s Corner AQMA); and P11-12 (Buncrana Road AQMA). The following sites were found to be exceeding in 2015: C1-2 (Creggan Road AQMA); C5-6 (Creggan Road AQMA); C9-10 (Creggan Road AQMA); D6-7 (Dale s Corner AQMA); D8-9 (Dale s Corner AQMA); D10-11 (Dale s Corner AQMA); P11-12 (Buncrana Road AQMA); and SP1-2 (Spencer Road AQMA). The following sites were found to be exceeding in 2016: C1-2 (Creggan Road AQMA); C9-10 (Creggan Road AQMA); D6-7 (Dale s Corner AQMA); D8-9 (Dale s Corner AQMA); D10-11 (Dale s Corner AQMA); D14-15 (Dale s Corner AQMA); LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

30 P11-12 (Buncrana Road AQMA); and SP1-2 (Spencer Road AQMA). Creggan Road AQMA Exceedences of the annual mean NO2 objective continue to occur within the AQMA as shown by the monitoring results. Diffusion tube monitoring site C1-2 showed concentrations greater than 60μg/m 3 in It is therefore recommended that this AQMA remains as declared. Dale s Corner AQMA Exceedences of the annual mean NO2 objective continue to occur within the AQMA as shown by the monitoring results. Buncrana Road AQMA Exceedence of the annual mean NO2 objective was recorded at one site within the AQMA (P11-12) in 2015 and Measurements at other sites within this AQMA have remained below the objective in recent years. The Detailed Assessment undertaken in 2014 concluded that exceedences of the annual mean objective are localised around the junction with Racecourse Road and recommended reducing the size of the AQMA. Monitoring has increased within the AQMA since the modelling was carried out, which was based on a verification using 2013 concentrations and it is therefore recommended that this AQMA remains as declared. Spencer Road AQMA No exceedences have been recorded within the Spencer Road AQMA in the past three years. However, site SP1-2 showed concentrations close to the annual mean NO2 objective in 2015 and Therefore monitoring should continue in this area and the AQMA should remain. However, the 2014 Detailed Assessment of Derry AQMAs determined that the properties in the south west of the AQMA were not relevant receptors for the annual mean objective. If it is verified that this is still the case, it is recommended that the extent of this AQMA is reduced to reflect the findings of the 2014 Detailed Assessment. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

31 Strand Road AQMA No exceedences have been recorded within the Strand AQMA in the past three years. The only exceedences were in 2010 at S1-2 and S3-4 and these results appear to have been anomalously high, given that they were not repeated in subsequent years. It is therefore recommended that this AQMA is revoked. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

32 Table 2.5 Results of Nitrogen Dioxide Diffusion Tubes in 2014, 2015 and 2016 Site ID Location Site Type In AQMA? Collocated with a Continuous Analyser (Y/N) 2014 (Bias Adjustment factor = 0.71) Annual mean (mg/m 3 ) 2015 (Bias Adjustment factor = 0.79) 2016 (Bias Adjustment factor = 0.83) A1-3 Brooke Park Urban Background N Y (triplicate) C1-2 3 Creggan Road Roadside Y N (duplicate) C3-4 6 Marlborough Terrace Roadside Y N (duplicate) C5-6 22A Creggan Street Urban Background Y N (duplicate) C7-8 1 Windsor Terrace Roadside N N (duplicate) C Creggan Road Roadside Y N (duplicate) C Marlborough Street Roadside Y Y (triplicate) D1-3 Dale s Corner Roadside N N (duplicate) D Clooney Terrace Urban Centre N N (duplicate) D6-7 5 Glendermott Road Roadside Y N (duplicate) D Glendermott Road Roadside Y N (duplicate) D Ebrington Terrace Roadside Y N (duplicate) D Ebrington Terrace Roadside Y N (duplicate) D Columba Terrace Roadside Y N (duplicate) D Melrose Terrace Roadside N N (duplicate) P Messine Park Suburban N N (duplicate) P Messine Park Suburban N N (duplicate) P5-6 8 Maybrook Terrace Roadside Y N (duplicate) P St Patricks Terrace Roadside Y N (duplicate) P Collon Terrace Roadside Y N (duplicate) LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

33 Site ID Location Site Type In AQMA? Collocated with a Continuous Analyser (Y/N) 2014 (Bias Adjustment factor = 0.71) Annual mean (mg/m 3 ) 2015 (Bias Adjustment factor = 0.79) 2016 (Bias Adjustment factor = 0.83) P Collon Terrace Roadside Y N (duplicate) S Strand Road Roadside Y N (duplicate) S3-4 Rockmills Roadside Y N (duplicate) S5-6 1 Baronet Street Roadside Y N (duplicate) S Aberfoyle Terrace Roadside Y N (duplicate) S Rock Terrace Roadside Y N (duplicate) FR1-2 3 Francis Street Roadside N N (duplicate) FR Francis Street Roadside N N (duplicate) SP Spencer Road Roadside Y N (duplicate) SP Spencer Road Roadside Y N (duplicate) SP Spencer Road Roadside Y N (duplicate) HB1-2 3 Harberton Park Background N N (duplicate) LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

34 Table 2.6 Results of Nitrogen Dioxide Diffusion Tubes (2010 to 2016) Site ID Site Type Within AQMA? 2010 (Bias Adjustment Factor = 0.99) 2011 (Bias Adjustment Factor = 0.90) Annual mean concentration (adjusted for bias) mg/m (Bias (Bias (Bias Adjustment Adjustment Adjustment Factor = Factor = Factor = 0.86) 0.87) 0.71) 2015 (Bias Adjustment Factor = 0.79) 2016 (Bias Adjustment Factor = 0.83) A1-3 Urban Background N C1-2 Roadside Y C3-4 Roadside Y C5-6 Urban Background Y C7-8 Roadside N C9-10 Roadside Y C11-13 Roadside Y D1-3 Roadside N D4-5 Urban Centre N D6-7 Roadside Y D8-9 Roadside Y D10-11 Roadside Y D12-13 Roadside Y D14-15 Roadside Y D16-17 Roadside N P1-2 Suburban N P3-4 Suburban N P5-6 Roadside Y P7-8 Roadside Y P9-10 Roadside Y P11-12 Roadside Y S1-2 Roadside Y S3-4 Roadside Y S5-6 Roadside Y S7-8 Roadside Y S9-10 Roadside Y LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

35 Site ID Site Type Within AQMA? 2010 (Bias Adjustment Factor = 0.99) 2011 (Bias Adjustment Factor = 0.90) Annual mean concentration (adjusted for bias) mg/m (Bias (Bias (Bias Adjustment Adjustment Adjustment Factor = Factor = Factor = 0.86) 0.87) 0.71) 2015 (Bias Adjustment Factor = 0.79) 2016 (Bias Adjustment Factor = 0.83) AB1-2 Roadside N AB3-4 Roadside N FR1-2 Roadside N FR3-4 Roadside N SP1-2 Roadside Y SP3-4 Roadside Y SP5-6 Roadside Y HB1-2 Background N LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

36 2.2.2 PM 10 The Council monitored PM 10 at two locations in 2014, 2015 and The monitoring data are summarised in Table 2.7 and Table 2.8. Concentrations were below both the annual mean and 24-hour mean objectives at both the Rosemount and Springhill Park sites in all years. Figure 2.9 shows the trends in annual mean PM 10 concentrations at both sites. Concentrations at Rosemount show a general downwards trend, while there is no clear trend in the Springhill Park data. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

37 Table 2.7 Results of Automatic Monitoring of PM 10 : Comparison with Annual Mean Objective Within AQMA? Confirm Gravimetric Equivalent (Y or NA) Valid Data Capture for monitoring period % a Valid Data Capture % b Annual Mean Concentration mg/m Site Name Site Type Rosemount, Urban Derry (AURN) Background N Y Springhill Urban Park, Background Strabane Y Y a i.e. data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year. b i.e. data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for six months the maximum data capture for the full calendar year would be 50%). c Means should be annualised as in Technical Guidance LAQM.TG16, if monitoring was not carried out for the full year. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

38 Table 2.8 Results of Automatic Monitoring for PM 10 : Comparison with 24-hour mean Objective Within AQMA? Confirm Gravimetric Equivalent (Y or NA) Valid Data Capture for Number of Exceedences of 24-Hour Mean (50 monitoring period % b Valid Data Capture % c mg/m 3 ) a Site Name Site Type Rosemount, Urban Derry Background (AURN) N Y (32) 1 (25) Springhill Urban Park, Background Strabane Y Y a if data capture is less than 90%, include the 90 th percentile of 24-hour means in brackets b i.e. data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year. c i.e. data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for six months the maximum data capture for the full calendar year would be 50%). LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

39 Figure 2.9 Trends in Annual Mean PM 10 Concentrations Air Quality Consultants LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

40 2.2.3 Sulphur Dioxide The Council monitored SO 2 at two locations in 2014, 2015 and The monitoring data are shown in Table 2.9. There were no exceedences of the objectives at either site in any year. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

41 Table 2.9 Results of Automatic Monitoring of SO 2 : Comparison with Annual Mean Objectives Valid Data Capture for monitoring period % a Valid Data Capture % b Number of Exceedences minute Objective (266 mg/m 3 ) 1-hour Objective (350 mg/m 3 ) 24-hour Objective (125 mg/m 3 ) Within Site Name Site Type AQMA? Rosemount, Urban Derry Background (AURN) N Springhill Urban Park, Background Strabane Y a i.e. data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year. b i.e. data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for six months the maximum data capture for the full calendar year would be 50%). LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

42 2.2.4 Benzene No benzene monitoring takes place within the Derry and Strabane District PM 2.5 PM 2.5 is measured at the Rosemount (AURN) site. PM 2.5 objectives have been set out in the UK Air Quality Regulations. Although there is no requirement for local authorities to review and assess PM 2.5 against these objectives as part of the LAQM regime, results have been reported as recommended by Technical Guidance LAQM.TG16. The monitoring data are shown in Table There were no exceedences of the objectives in any year. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

43 Table 2.10 Results of Automatic Monitoring of PM 2.5 : Comparison with Annual Mean Objective Within AQMA? Valid Data Capture for monitoring period % a b Annual Mean Concentration mg/m3 Valid Data Capture % Site Name Site Type Rosemount, Urban N Derry (AURN) Background a i.e. data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year. b i.e. data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for six months the maximum data capture for the full calendar year would be 50%). LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

44 2.2.2 Ozone (O 3 ) Ozone is measured at the Rosemount (AURN) site. O 3 is a transboundary pollutant; the sources of O 3 are frequently spatially distant from the measured site of the concentrations. This pollutant is not a prescribed air quality objective for LAQM purposes; however, it has been reported as recommended by Technical Guidance LAQM.TG16. The monitoring data are shown in Table There were no exceedences of the objectives in any year. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

45 Table 2.11 Results of Automatic Monitoring of Ozone: Comparison with Annual Mean Objective Within AQMA? Valid Data Capture for monitoring period % a Valid Data Capture % b Number of Exceedences of 8-Hour Running Mean (100 mg/m 3 ) Site Name Site Type Rosemount, Urban N Derry (AURN) Background a i.e. data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year. b i.e. data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for six months the maximum data capture for the full calendar year would be 50%). LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

46 2.2.3 Summary of Compliance with AQS Objectives has examined the results from monitoring in the district. Concentrations outside of the AQMAs are all below the objectives at relevant locations, therefore there is no need to proceed to a Detailed Assessment. The results within the Strand Road AQMA have not exceeded the objective since 2010, and it is therefore recommended that this AQMA is revoked. Consideration should also be given to reducing the extent of the Spencer Road AQMA. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

47 3 Road Traffic Sources 3.1 Narrow Congested Streets with Residential Properties Close to the Kerb Narrow congested streets were considered in previous assessments. confirms that there are no new/newly identified congested streets with a flow above 5,000 vehicles per day and residential properties close to the kerb that have not been adequately considered in previous rounds of Review and Assessment. 3.2 Busy Streets Where People May Spend 1-hour or More Close to Traffic Busy streets where people may spend 1-hour or more close to traffic were considered in previous assessments. confirms that there are no new/newly identified busy streets where people may spend 1 hour or more close to traffic. 3.3 Roads with a High Flow of Buses and/or HGVs Roads with a high flow of buses and/or HGVs were considered in previous assessments. confirms that there are no new/newly identified roads with high flows of buses/hdvs. 3.4 Junctions Junctions were considered in previous assessments. confirms that there are no new/newly identified busy junctions/busy roads. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

48 3.5 New Roads Constructed or Proposed Since the Last Round of Review and Assessment No new roads have been identified. confirms that there are no new/proposed roads. 3.6 Roads with Significantly Changed Traffic Flows No roads with significantly changed traffic flows have been identified. confirms that there are no new/newly identified roads with significantly changed traffic flows. 3.7 Bus and Coach Stations Bus and coach stations were considered in previous assessments. confirms that there are no relevant bus stations in the Local Authority area. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

49 4 Other Transport Sources 4.1 Airports Airports were considered in previous assessments. confirms that there are no new airports in the Local Authority area. 4.2 Railways (Diesel and Steam Trains) Stationary Trains Stationary trains were considered in previous assessments. confirms that there are no locations where diesel or steam trains are regularly stationary for periods of 15 minutes or more, with potential for relevant exposure within 15m Moving Trains Moving trains were considered in previous assessments. confirms that there are no locations with a large number of movements of diesel locomotives, and potential long-term relevant exposure within 30m. 4.3 Ports (Shipping) Ports and shipping were considered in previous assessments. confirms that there are no ports or shipping that meet the specified criteria within the Local Authority area. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report

50 5 Industrial Sources 5.1 Industrial Installations New or Proposed Installations for which an Air Quality Assessment has been Carried Out No new installations have been identified. confirms that there are no new or proposed industrial installations for which planning approval has been granted within its area or nearby in a neighbouring authority Existing Installations where Emissions have Increased Substantially or New Relevant Exposure has been Introduced No relevant installations have been identified. confirms that there are no industrial installations with substantially increased emissions or new relevant exposure in their vicinity within its area or nearby in a neighbouring authority New or Significantly Changed Installations with No Previous Air Quality Assessment All installations were considered in previous assessments. confirms that there are no new or proposed industrial installations for which planning approval has been granted within its area or nearby in a neighbouring authority. 5.2 Major Fuel (Petrol) Storage Depots Major fuel storage depots were considered in previous assessments. There are major fuel (petrol) storage depots within the Local Authority area, but these have been considered in previous reports. LAQM USA 2015, Progress Report 2016 and Progress Report