Center for Advanced Decision Support for Water and Environmental Systems (CADSWES)

Transcription

1 Center for Advanced Decision Support for Water and Environmental Systems (CADSWES) Modeling Rivers, Reservoirs, Hydropower, Regulation, Consumptive Use, Water Allocation, Water Accounting, Flood Management, Yield Studies, Operations, Forecasting, Planning under Uncertainty

2 RiverWare s History with USACE 1996 Present Albuquerque URGWOM Selected as model for Upper Rio Grande based on simulation, rules and water accounting (continuous collaboration to present) 2001 SWD SUPER initiated proof of concept for integration of SUPER flood control algorithm. Analysis of SUPER, reimplementation of logic with flexibility Kansas City Flood Control SWD flood control, water allocation, hydropower, minimum flows, statistical post processing, many usability features CWMS integration: develop direct DSS interface and other enhancements to support CWMS integration Agency agreement for RiverWare to be freely available to USACE 2011 Permanent agreement : RiverWare freely available to USACE

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4 SWD SUPER Algorithms implemented in a set of prioritized rules Rules execute in following order once per timestep: 1. Forecast and compute incremental Local Inflows 2. Surcharge Release Mandatory Releases from surcharge pool 3. Regulation Discharge Find Empty Space 4. Flood Management Releases Evacuate flood pool over forecast period; balance; fill empty space; ramping constraints 5. Low Flow / Demand releases Increase releases to meet requests 6. Reservoir Diversions divert water from reservoirs 7. Hydropower Increase release through turbines After each rule: simulation with routing, losses, mass balance and reach diversions

5 Conservation Operations: Low Flow / Demand Releases Flow requirement on a Control Point represents environmental flows or demand Determine releases to meet a downstream flow requirement Reservoirs are considered in the order of highest operating level Rule: MeetLowFlowRequirement(): Execute Low Flow Release Method and increase reservoir releases to meet requirements Simulation: Reservoir mass balance and propagation of flows downstream

6 Conservation Operations: Reservoir Diversions Water is diverted directly out of a reservoir to meet demands Modeled using a Diversion and Water User One reservoir can meet many demands A demand can be served by many reservoirs Rule: ComputeReservoirDiversions(): Execute method to meet requirements according to water availability; set diversions out of reservoirs Simulation: Reservoirs, Water Users, and Diversion objects re solve.

7 Hydropower Make releases to meet energy demand Cannot draw below min power pool or exceed max drawdown Cannot cause additional downstream flooding Rule: HydropowerRelease(): Prioritizes the reservoirs by relative energy shortage. Loops through each reservoir in the basin and calculates the proposed release to meet the demand. Calculates portion of the proposed release that will not cause additional downstream flooding. Rule sets Res.Outflow Simulation: Objects solve simulating the effects of the release and routing downstream.

8 Water Allocation with RiverWare Planning Studies Period of record typical SWD Yield Analysis Monte Carlo Water Accounting Water Rights Allocation

9 Lake Kemp Reallocation Study Consider increasing yield by reallocating some flood pool space Wichita River Basin: approx 3,480 sq mi Lake Kemp: approx 2,090 sq mi 5400 cfs 6/15/2011 Conservation Pool Elev ,700 ac-ft Flood Control Pool Elev ,900 ac-ft Consv Pool Incr. Elev John Daylor, Corps of Engineers Tulsa Distr F.C. Storage Decr. 8.2% 18.9% 28.7% 36.6% Raise Dam

10 USACE storage divisions and balance levels -5

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12 Yield Analysis Find reservoir and/or system yield while applying basin operating policies Use RiverWare s Iterative MRM to automatically run model to search for (converge on) the yield. Two approaches: 1. One reservoir at a time simple bisection search 2. System Yield Metaheuristic Optimization

13 Yield Analysis for proposed or existing project Pool Elevation bisection search for demand that just depletes the conservation pool during period of record Proposed demand too small Proposed demand = Yield Proposed demand to large Simulate for period of record applying all operating policies Start with user specified minimum demand Try user specified maximum demand Bottom of Conservation Pool Time Bisect and Iterate until the pool exactly reaches bottom of conservation pool at some point in the period of record Alternative Logic can determine yield with specified reliability

14 Viewing Results of Iterative Solution Results of each run can be viewed on System Control Table (SCT)

15 Monte Carlo Simulation Use RiverWare s Multiple Run Manager to run many simulations Hydrologic traces are produced by: Permutations of historical record Statistical methods (bootstrap) using historic record Condition on paleo Climate change sequences Post processing tools provide statistical results

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17 Water Accounting Tracks ownership and type of water through all objects and at all timesteps Flexible to model accounting in any basin with unique policies and structure Operating decisions (rules) look at and set account, transfer and exchange values Allocate water based on Water Right Priority date Visualize the accounting network

18 Physical vs. Paper water modeled Physical Water: in RiverWare Total volume/flow of water in an object. For example, storage in a reservoir represents the volume of physical water in the reservoir

19 Physical vs. Paper water modeled in RiverWare Paper Water type and ownership ( color ): Volume/flow of water classified by type or ownership. For example, a certain agency owns 5,000AF of 12,000AF of physical water in the reservoir.

20 Visualization of the Simulation View: Network Display the layout of the simulation objects representing Physical Water

21 Visualization of the Accounting View Network Display the system to stakeholders and water managers Allows for color coding, formatting, and aggregation of accounts and supplies Useful to: Create Reorganize Link

22 Types of Accounts Legal Accounts: Storage Account Right to store water in a reservoir Tracks Storage and Accrual Diversion Account Right to divert/consume water: Tracks Depletion and Return Flow Instream Flow Account Flow right for environmental, recreation, etc Passthrough Accounts track water moving between legal accounts How it looks on workspace

23 Upper Rio Grande Water Operations Model (URGWOM) Daily Timestep Official accounting (BOR) Regulation: Native vs. Transbasin Rivers, reservoirs, CU, Agricultural and Municipal, ESA, interstate compact Groundwater surface water interaction; Riparian ET; flood control, recreation Activities Supported Forecasting and Daily Operations Annual Operating Plan Long term (50 year) planning After-the-fact Accounting Both DSS and HDB connections

24 Water Rights Allocation in RiverWare Each right has a unique priority date A junior right may not short a senior right: First in time, first in right Three distinct types of rights: Diversion from stream or reservoir Store water in reservoir (inline or off stream) Ensure minimum instream flow at a control point Various ways of defining right (i.e. allowed quantity) A right may be subject to: Physical Constraints Legal Constraints Include lags and losses

25 Water Rights Allocation Model Rules executes solver (predefined function) that does the allocation one or more times: Initial allocation, exclude instream flows rights Operate project water (releases from storage) Allocate again and include instream flow rights Repeat as necessary

26 Lower Colorado River Authority (LCRA) Administered as Prior Appropriation Water Rights System Run of River (natural flows) and Stored Water (Firm and Interruptible Contracts as backup) Municipal, Industrial, Irrigation, Agriculture Instream Flow Targets Environmental Flows to Bay (monthly volume)

27 Direct DSS Interface

28 Integration of RiverWare in the Corps Water Management System (CWMS)

29 RiverWare Users Federal Reclamation USACE Albuquerque District Ft. Worth District Little Rock District Hydrologic Engineering Center Portland District Tulsa District Seattle District Sacramento District Walla Walla District Kansas City District TVA US Fish and Wildlife Service US Geological Survey US Park Service US Water Master (Reno) Oakridge National Laboratory/Batelle Southwest Power Research Institutes and Universities Foreign Entities Consultants STATE AND LOCAL AGENCIES AND UTILITIES Arizona Department of Water Resources California Department of Water Resources Cachuma Conservation Release Board City of Fernley City of Lompoc Dallas Water Utilities East Bay Municipal Water District Hydro Quebec Idaho Power Company Lithuanian Energy Institute Lower Colorado River Authority Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Montana Department of Natural Resources and conservation New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection New Mexico Interstate Stream Commission Northern Colorado Water Conservancy District PacifiCorp Southern Nevada Water Authority Tarrent Regional Water District Truckee meadows Water Authority Lower Neches Water Authority Utah Division of Water Resources