By: Neo Neal Bernardo Natividad

Transcription

1 By: Neo Neal Bernardo Natividad

2 Pond: a small body of still water formed naturally or by hollowing or embanking Lake: a large body of water surrounded by land

3 Importance of lakes & ponds to man Lake water is an invaluable source of hydroelectric power generation Fishing Tourist Spot Recreation location Biodiversity conservation areas Natural balance preserving reservoirs, acting as flood control

4 Climate Despite being a small part of the world the sources of water that make up the biome are dispersed around the world unevenly. That results in the large diversity in climate. For instance, climate conditions in the tropical places will be vastly different from those in polar ice caps. Seasonal changes also affect the temperature, as winter months in Arctic region tend to freeze the water to below 5 degrees C. In the summer, tropical areas can reach temperatures close to 24 degrees C. Similarly, temperature can change based on the depth of the water being tested. This is most obvious in lakes, where temperature is higher in the surface of the water, due to heat from sunlight, compared to deeper parts of the lake. Summer: 4 near the bottom, and up to 22 at the top Winter: 4 near the bottom, while the top is 0

5 Major lakes in the world

6 Famous lakes of the world Dead Sea Palestine,Israel,Jordan Crater Lake Oregon Lake Hillier Australia

7 Biotic Factors Freshwater plants, animals around, and other living organisms that flourish as a result of the presence of lake or pond. The biotic limiting factors in lakes & ponds include amount of food, number of predators, diseases, and parasites.

8 Abiotic factors Oxygen concentration (determines the degree of life able to take root in the ecosystem), speed of the movement of water, things dissolved in the water, and temperature. The abiotic limiting factors include salinity of the water, sunlight in the location, temperature, oxygen concentration, fertilizers, and pollutants.

9 Species in lakes and ponds Mammals (badgers, otters, mink) live near water and are capable of swimming to catch their main food source, fish. Amphibians and reptiles (toads, frogs, alligators, crocodiles, salamanders and newts start life underwater as eggs and tadpoles, and then move to ground as adults. Insects such as skaters, water beetles, mosquitoes and dragonflies can skim over the surface of ponds, playing a critical role in the food supply for other animals. Some spiders can actually take a bubble of air with them underwater.

10 Sun(Energy Source) Duckweed(Producer) Frog(Primary Consumer) Lizard(Secondary Consumer) Heron(Tertiary Consumer) Bacteria(Decomposer)

11 Threats Eutrophication: the increase in the amount of nutrients in an environment, the more nutrients that are added to an ecosystem, the more plants & algae grow, therefore the amount of bacteria on decaying organism increases. These bacterias use oxygen to feed on organisms, eventually the lack of oxygen would destroy the plants around the lakes or ponds. Pollution & Destruction: Lakes & ponds are susceptible to pollution due to wind blowing trash around, or runoff water carrying sewage & fertilizers. Destruction is a major treat as well due to constructions or recreations built in lakes or ponds.

12 Threats Pesticides Fertilizers Hydrocarbons Storm water runoff Aquatic invasive species Climate Change

13 Things that make lakes & ponds unique The water in lakes & ponds is stratified (layered) The bottom of lakes, and ponds are covered with mud that includes the decaying bodies of dead plants, and other organisms Producers are commonly found near the top, because they require sunlight & for photosynthesis, and consumers most of the time are found in the bottom There are no official or scientific differences between lakes and ponds. Lakes are larger than ponds, but size is relative. What would be considered a pond in one region might be considered a lake in another

14 Things that make lakes & ponds unique Ponds & lakes age just as animals and plants. Overtime, lakes & ponds are being filled with dead materials, and starts to dry up. The average lifetime of a pond is about 100 years, though human impact tends to accelerate the aging process The older the lakes or pond, they become like swamp, and produce methane. The age of a lake or pond can be determined by bioindicators, the type of phytoplankton found in a lake or pond, or algae are good indicators of relative age of lakes or ponds

15 Components in lakes & ponds The abiotic factors present in lakes, and ponds determines what type of biotic factors will be present, because particular organisms, and plant forms are suited for particular types of environment.

16 Sources GLEAM. Human Benefits GLEAM, greatlakesmapping.org/humanvalues. What Is the Human Impact on the Freshwater Biome? Sciencing, sciencing.com/humanimpactfreshwaterbiome html. Human Impacts on Freshwater Ecosystems. Sciencing, sciencing.com/humanimpactsfreshwaterecosystems23308.html. Perlman, USGS Howard. Lakes and Reservoirs. Lakes and Reservoirs, USGS Water Science School, water.usgs.gov/edu/earthlakes.html. Lane, Robert K. Lake. Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 9 Oct. 2017, Krause, Jennifer. All About Ponds and Lakes,

17 Sources Just Fun Facts. Fun and Interesting Site, 1 Aug. 1969, justfunfacts.com/interestingfactsaboutlakes/.