Toxic Substance Reduction Plan for Nitric Acid and Nitrate Ion. Arla Foods Inc. We have over 20 years of experience in the environmental field

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1 We have over 2 We have over 20 years of experience in the environmental field Toxic Substance Reduction Plan for Nitric Acid and Nitrate Ion Arla Foods Inc. Prepared for: Arla Foods Inc. At: 675 Rivermede Road Concord, ON L4K 2G9 Prepared by: Compliance Environmental Services 193 Valleyview Drive Ancaster, Ontario L9G 2A7 Phone: (905) Project Number 9500 December Providing Tomorrow s Solutions Today

2 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December 2015 Executive Summary Compliance Environmental Services (CES) was retained by Arla Foods Inc. (Company) to complete a Toxic Substance Reduction Plan (Plan) for nitric acid and nitrate ion in solution at ph >= 6 (nitrate ion) to satisfy the requirements of the provincial Toxics Reduction Act, 2009 (Act) and Ontario Regulation 455/09 (Regulation), for the facility located at 675 Rivermede Road in Concord, Ontario. The Plan covers calendar year 2014 (not 2012) as discussed with the representative of the government, Jennifer Mackey. Correspondence is presented in Appendix A. The following were completed on behalf of the Company to satisfy the requirements of the Act and Regulation: Toxic Substance Reduction Plan (Plan) for calendar year 2014 to keep onsite (i.e. this report) On-line submissions for the summaries of the (i) Plan; and (ii) toxic substance accounting (also known as TRA Quantification) for each reportable substance The Company is required to complete the following to satisfy the requirements of the Act and Regulation: Review the Plan every five years (first review is in 2018); Post the annual accounting summary (Appendix D) on the Company website; Post the Plan Summary (Appendix C) on the Company website; and Also, on the day that the Plan Summary is made available to the public, a notice should be given to all employees regarding the Plan Summary, as per Section 23 of the Regulation The Plan was certified by the highest ranking employee of the facility and a licensed toxic substance reduction planner (TSRP0104). The signed statements of certifications are included in Appendix A. CES submitted the summaries of the aforementioned documentation to the Ministry of the Environment (MOE) through an online program known as Single Window Information Manager (SWIM). The copies of submission confirmation and summaries are included in Appendices B and C/D respectively. Submitted information is summarized in the table below (Table E). i

3 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December 2015 Table E Summary of Submitted Information Toxic Substance Accounting - Calendar Year 2014 Toxic Substance Amount Enter the Facility (Use) Amount Created by the Facility (Create) Amount Contained in Product (Contain) Nitric Acid Nitrate Ion Toxic Substance Reduction Plan for Nitric Acid and Nitrate Ion Statement of Intent The Company are not intended to reduce the use of nitric acid and nitrate ion. The toxic substances are used for product and public safety. Objective The Company have recently installed a new effluent neutralization system to optimise the use of the toxic substances. The Company will continue their effort in protecting the environment. Target No quantity or timeline target Note: Nitrate Ion denotes nitrate ion in solution at ph >= 6.0. ii

4 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December 2015 Revision Log Version Author Date Description 0 Yvonne Tong Dec 07, 2015 Draft 1 1 Yvonne Tong Dec 12, 2015 Final. Updated contact information iii

5 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December 2015 Table of Contents Executive Summary... i Revision Log... iii 1.0 Introduction Plan Preparation Statement of Intent and objective of the Plan Facility and Contact Information Operator of the Facility Information Highest Ranking Employee at the Facility Information Parent Company Information Toxic Substances for Which Facility Must Prepare Plan Plan Contacts Toxic Substance Accounting Process Description Tracking and Quantification Description of Quantification methodology Description of the best available method for quantification Input and output analysis Cost Estimates Toxic Substance Reduction Options Material of Feedstock Substitution Product Design or Reformulation Equipment or Process Modification Spill and Leak Prevention On-site Reuse or Recycling Improved Inventory Management or Purchasing Techniques Training or Improved Operating Practices Technical and Economic Feasibility Analyses Implementation Plan Planner Recommendation Certification (Confirmation Satements) Certification Statement of the Highest Ranking Employee of the Facility Certification Statement of the Toxic Substance Reduction Planner iv

6 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December 2015 List of Tables Table 5-1 Direct Annual Costs Related to Reportable Toxic Substance(s) Table 5-2 Indirect Annual Costs Related to Reportable Toxic Substance(s) List of Figures Figure 4-1 Illustration Showing Stages of Operation Figure 4-1 Process Flow Diagram Illustrating the Production Stage Appendix Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Statement of Certification Correspondence with the Government Confirmation of Submission Summary of the Toxic Substance Reduction Plan Summary of the Toxic Substance Accounting Calculations Publications Planner s Recommendation v

7 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December Introduction Compliance Environmental Services (CES) was retained by Arla Foods Inc. (Company) to complete a Toxic Substance Reduction Plan (Plan) for nitric acid and nitrate ion in solution at ph >= 6 (nitrate ion) to satisfy the requirements of the provincial Toxics Reduction Act, 2009 (Act) and Ontario Regulation 455/09 (Regulation), for the facility located at 675 Rivermede Road in Concord, Ontario. The Plan covers calendar year 2014 (not 2012) as discussed with the representative of the government, Jennifer Mackey. Correspondence is presented in Appendix A. The following was completed on behalf of the Company to satisfy the requirements of the Act and Regulation: Toxic Substance Reduction Plan (Plan) for calendar year 2014 to keep onsite (i.e. this report) On-line submissions for the summaries of the (i) Plan; and (ii) toxic substance accounting (also known as TRA Quantification) for each reportable substance The Company is required to complete the following to satisfy the requirements of the Act and Regulation: Review the Plan every five years (first review in 2018); Post the annual accounting summary (Appendix D) on the Company website; Post the Plan Summary (Appendix C) on the Company website; and Also, on the day that the Plan Summary is made available to the public, a notice should be given to all employees regarding the Plan Summary, as per Section 23 of the Regulation The Plan was certified by the highest ranking employee of the facility and a licensed toxic substance reduction planner (TSRP0104). The signed statements of certifications are included in Appendix A. CES submitted the summaries of the aforementioned documentation to the Ministry of the Environment (MOE) through an online program known as Single Window Information Manager (SWIM). The copies of submission confirmation and summaries are included in Appendix B and Appendix C/D respectively. 1.1 Plan Preparation The Plan was prepared by the licensed Toxic Substance Reduction Planner along with the support of Maintenance and Facilities Manager Greg Sanford. Studies from U.S. EPA were also consulted. Copy of the study was included in Appendix F. 1

8 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December Statement of Intent and objective of the Plan Toxic Substance 1 Statement of Intent: Objective: Target: Nitric Acid The Company are not intended to reduce the use of the reportable toxic substance. The toxic substance is required for product and public safety. The Company have recently installed a new effluent neutralization system to optimise the use of the toxic substance. The Company will continue their effort in protecting the environment. No quantity or timeline target. Toxic Substance 2 Statement of Intent: Objective: Target: Nitric Ion The Company are not intended to reduce the use of the reportable toxic substance. The toxic substance is required for product and public safety. The Company have recently installed a new effluent neutralization system to optimise the use of the toxic substance. The Company will continue their effort in protecting the environment. No quantity or timeline target. 2

9 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December Facility and Contact Information Facility Name: Arla Foods Inc. NPRI identification number: Two Digit NAICS Code: 41 - Wholesale; Four Digit NAICS Code: Food Wholesaler Distributors Six Digit NAICS Code: Dairy and Milk Products Wholesaler-Distributors The number of full-time employee: 110 UTM Spatial Coordinates (NAD83): UTM Zone 17T Easting Northing Operator of the Facility Information Name: Greg Sanford (Maintenance & Facilities Manager) Address: 675 Rivermede Road in Concord, Ontario, L4K 2G9 Phone Number: (905) x.403 Fax Number: n/a greg.sanford@arlafoods.com 3.2 Highest Ranking Employee at the Facility Information Name: Jan Hakansson (Site Director) Address: 675 Rivermede Road in Concord, Ontario, L4K 2G9 Phone Number: (905) x. 347 Fax Number: n/a jan.hakansson@arlafoods.com 3.3 Parent Company Information Legal Name: N/A Address: N/A % of Facility Owned by Company: N/A Business Number: N/A 3

10 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December Toxic Substances for Which Facility Must Prepare Plan Substance 1: Nitric Acid CAS Number: Substance 2: Nitrate Ion in Solution at ph >= 6 CAS Number: NA Plan Contacts Person Who Prepared the Plan Name: Yvonne Tong Position: Air Quality Compliance Scientist Address: 106 Withycombe Crescent, Toronto, ON, M1V 2J3 Phone Number: (416) General@EasySolutionsInc.ca Public Contact Name: Greg Sanford Position: Maintenance and Facilities Manager Address: 675 Rivermede Road in Concord, Ontario, L4K 2G9 Phone Number: (905) x greg.sanford@arlafoods.com 4

11 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December Toxic Substance Accounting The Regulation sets out the requirements that owners and operators of facilities covered by the second phase of the Act must, beginning on January 1, 2012, to track and quantify the toxic substances they use, create and release. The Company completed the Accounting with the following sections as per the Regulation. Description and illustration of stages and processes; Tracking and quantification; Description of quantification methodology; Description of the best available method for quantification; and Input and output analysis. 4.1 Process Description The Company manufacture fresh Italian cheese including mozzarella, provolone and ricotta. The Company package fresh cheese in different forms such as balls, medallions and logs. The Company also have a packaging line that grates/ shreds mozzarella. Pasteurization is an important step in cheese manufacturing. Ultrasil 75 containing 40% of nitric acid is used in cleaning HTST s (high temperature/short time) equipment at least once per day. Enviroacid containing 50% of nitric acid is used during both Raw (pre-pasteurized) and Pasteurized CIP (Clean in Place) operations. Enviroacid is also used for effluent treatment. Wastewater from various areas including Milk Receiving, Raw CIP System, HTST s (pasteurizers), Past CIP System, Cheese Process Area, Cheese Production Room, Brine Area, Ricotta Production Area, Packaging Area and Coolers Area are collected through floor drains located throughout the facility. Wastewater from these areas is neutralized before discharged to the city sewer. Both Ultrasil 75 and Enviroacid arrived at the facility as solution in 300 L bins. In the solutions, 98% of nitric acid dissolved to form nitrate ion. Stages of operation and processes within stages are presented in Figure 4-1 and Figure 4-2 respectively. 5

12 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December 2015 Figure 4-1 Illustration Showing Stages of Operation Associated with Nitric Acid and Nitrate Ion Receiving Stage Production Stage Shipping Stage Receiving Milk Milk Preparation Warehousing and Shipping Cheese Manufacturing Receiving Cleaning Products Wastewater Treatment Legend A process where toxic substance is present 6

13 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December Tracking and Quantification In this section, the tracking and quantification of each toxic substance of concern is presented. The tracking is presented in Figure 4-2 which illustrates (i) how the substance enters the production process; (ii) whether the substance is created, destroyed or transformed during the process; and (iii) how the substance leaves the process and what happen to it after it leaves the process. Figure 4-2 Process Flow Diagram Illustrating the Production Stage Associated with Nitric Acid and Nitrate Ion Receiving Stage Production Stage The Company purchased 20,108 kg of nitric acid corresponding to 19,707 kg of nitrate ion during the reporting year. Nitric Acid_U = 20,108 kg Nitrate Ion_U = 19,707 kg Milk Preparation Cheese Manufacturing Receiving Cleaning Products Wastewater Treatment Presence of toxic substance U: Toxic substance enter the process (use) D: Toxic substance neutralized (i.e. destroyed) Nitric Acid_D= 20,108 kg Nitrate Ion_D = 19,707 kg City Sewer Process Description The Company purchased Enviroacid and Ultrasil 75 for cleaning equipment and effluent treatment. These cleaning products arrived at the facility in form of solution as such consisting nitrate ion. The Company always use 100% of the purchased cleaning products and do not stock up for next year. 4.3 Description of Quantification methodology Quantifications were based on the purchase record provided by the supplier (Ecolab) and the fact that nitric acid in solution consists 98% of nitrate ion. Purchase record and calculation are presented in Appendix E. 4.4 Description of the best available method for quantification It is indicated by the Company that 100% of the purchased cleaning products are used and not saved for next year; as such purchase record is the best available quantification method. 7

14 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December Input and output analysis The input/output balance is a qualitative indicator to evaluate the approach chosen for tracking and quantifying the toxic substances and to identify where significant data gaps may exist. Use + Creation = Transformed + Destroyed + Contained in Product + Released to Air + Released to Land + Released to Water + On-site or Off-site Disposal + Off-site Transfers (for Recycling) Nitric Acid Use = Destroy = 20,108 kg 20,108 kg The amount of toxic substance used equals to the amount of destroyed; therefore the input and the output are considered to be approximately balanced. Nitrate Ion Use = Destroy = 19,707 kg 19,707 kg The amount of toxic substance used equals to the amount of destroyed; therefore the input and the output are considered to be approximately balanced. 8

15 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December Cost Estimates As per section 18 of the Regulation, it is required to provide in this report the estimates of the direct and indirect annual costs related to the reportable toxic substance being (i) used or created at the facility; (ii) released from the facility; (iii) disposed of by the facility; (iv) transferred from the facility; and (v) contained in product that leaves the facility. The direct and the indirect costs associated with the reportable toxic substance(s) of concern is (are) summarized in Table 5-1 and Table 5-2 respectively. Table 5-1 Direct Annual Costs Related to Reportable Toxic Substance(s) Year 2014 Category Item/ Note Annual Cost Being used or created at Cost of nitric acid/nitrate ion 1 $ 28,129 Being released from N/A $ - N/A $ - Being disposed of by N/A $ - Being transferred from N/A $ - Being contained in product that leaves N/A $ - Note: 1. The costs of Envirocid and Ultrasil respectively are $54,000 and $2,327. Nitric acid cost was calculated based on the nitric acid percentages contained in the cleaning products. For example, the percentages of nitric acid found in Envirocid and Ultrasil respectively are 50.36% and 40.21%. Nitric acid cost = $54,000 x $2,327 x = $28,129. Table 5-2 Indirect Annual Costs Related to Reportable Toxic Substance(s) Category Item/ Note Annual Cost Being used or created at N/A $ - N/A $ - Being released from N/A $ - Being disposed of by N/A $ - Being transferred from N/A $ - Being contained in product that leaves N/A $ - 9

16 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December Toxic Substance Reduction Options As per section 17 of the Regulation, it is required to identify at least one option for each of the following categories of toxic substance reduction method. If an option cannot be identified for a category, an explanation is required. There are seven categories of toxic substance reduction methods listed in the Regulation and they are: Material of feedstock substitution; Product design or reformulation; Equipment of process modification; Spill and leak prevention; On-site reuse or recycling; Improved inventory management or purchasing techniques; and Training or improved operating practices. 6.1 Material of Feedstock Substitution This category of toxic substance reduction method is not technical feasible to the Company. 6.2 Product Design or Reformulation This category of toxic substance reduction method is not technical feasible to the Company. 6.3 Equipment or Process Modification With the new neutralization system, all chemical concentrations are maintained at mid-levels to ensure efficient system cleanings and product safety. Since the system is newly installed in 2014, the Company is not planning to have equipment or process modifications in the near future. As such this category of toxic substance reduction method is not technical feasible to the Company. 6.4 Spill and Leak Prevention The ph level of the effluent is automatically measured continuously; therefore this category of toxic substance reduction method is not technical feasible to the Company. 6.5 On-site Reuse or Recycling This category of toxic substance reduction method is not technical feasible to the Company. 10

17 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December Improved Inventory Management or Purchasing Techniques This category of toxic substance reduction method is not technical feasible to the Company. 6.7 Training or Improved Operating Practices This category of toxic substance reduction method is not technical feasible to the Company. 11

18 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December Technical and Economic Feasibility Analyses The Company are not intended to implement reduction option method. As such both technical and economic feasibility analyses are not applicable. There have been in the past and will continue to be available in the future various incentive programs aimed at encouraging regulated facilities to be more environmentally friendly. Current incentive programs include: Technical Assistance Programs offered through the Ministry; Financial accounting incentive programs offered through the Federal Government, including the capital cost allowance (CCA) system that allows a 50% straight-line accelerated CCA rate for manufacturing and processing equipment; Energy Efficiency Programs offered through the Ontario Power Authority that provides incentives for implementing energy efficient equipment. Local hydro and gas companies may also provide similar incentives. Source Water Protection Pilot projects offered through local conservation authorities. 8.0 Implementation Plan The Company are not intended to implement any category of toxic substance reduction method; therefore no timeline for implementation of toxic substance reduction method is anticipated. 9.0 Planner Recommendation As per section 18 of the Regulation, CES reviewed the draft of this Plan, to determine whether improvement(s) would be made in sources of information, calculation methodologies and etc. Recommendation is presented in Appendix G. 12

19 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December Certification (Confirmation Statements) The Plans in this report contain statement of certifications from the highest ranking employee of the facility and the reduction planner, as per Section 10 of the Act. The signed statements of certifications from the highest ranking employee of the facility and planner are provided in Appendix A Certification Statement of the Highest Ranking Employee of the Facility Highest Ranking Employee As of December, 2015, I, Jan Hakansson, certify that I have read the toxic substance reduction plans for the toxic substances referred to below and am familiar with their contents, and to my knowledge the plans are factually accurate and comply with the Toxics Reduction Act, 2009 and Ontario Regulation 455/09 (General) made under that Act. Toxic Substance: Nitric acid (plan dated December 7, 2015) Nitrate ion in solution at ph >= 6 (plan dated December 7, 2015) Jan Hakansson Site Director Date 10.2 Certification Statement of the Toxic Substance Reduction Planner As of December 7, 2015, I, Yvonne Tong certify that I am familiar with the processes at Arla Food Industries Inc. that use or create the toxic substances referred to below, that I agree with the estimates referred to in subparagraphs 7 iii, iv and v of subsection 4 (1) of the Toxics Reduction Act, 2009 that are set out in the toxic substance reduction plans referred to below for the toxic substances and that the plans comply with that Act and Ontario Regulation 455/09 (General) made under that Act. Toxic Substance: Nitric acid (plan dated December 7, 2015) Nitrate ion in solution at ph >= 6 (plan dated December 7, 2015) December, 2015 Yvonne Tong Licensed Toxic Substance Reduction Planner License Number: TSRP0104 Date 13

20 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December 2015 Resources 1. United States Environmental Protection Agency Sector Notebooks Profile of the Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation Industry. September United States Environmental Protection Agency AP-42, Volume I, Fifth Edition Chapter Natural and Processed Cheese. August

21 Arla Foods Inc. Project Number 9500 Toxic Substance Reduction Plan December

22 Appendix A Statement of Certification Correspondence with the Government

23

24 Outlook.com Print Message Page 1 of 1 12/4/2015 Print Close From: yvonnehk@hotmail.com Sent: July :33:52 AM To: Jennifer.Mackey@ontario.ca (Jennifer.Mackey@ontario.ca) Cc: Greg Sanford (Greg.Sanford@arlafoods.com); jack chan (jack.chan2@sympatico.com) Good morning Jennifer, How are you? Thank you very much for explaining the compliance requirements on phone the other day. I would like to summarize our conversation as follow: 1. Update the submitted NPRI reports to include the TRA Quantifications and file an exit record for the particulate matters as soon as possible. 2. Submit the plan summaries for nitrate ion and nitric acid by the end of the year. As discussed, Arla can prepare the plans based on the 2014 information (not 2012). If you can confirm the aforementioned, that would be very much appreciated, Many thanks. Best regards, Yvonne Chiu

25 Outlook.com Print Message Page 1 of 1 12/4/2015 Print Close From: Mackey, Jennifer (MOECC) (Jennifer.Mackey@ontario.ca) Sent: July :44:25 AM To: yvonne CHIU (yvonnehk@hotmail.com) Cc: Greg Sanford (Greg.Sanford@arlafoods.com); jack chan (jack.chan2@sympatico.com) Hi Yvonne, Yes, that should bring them into compliance. Don t forget that they are also required to complete the required web postings. The first one will be of the current information in the 2014 TRA Annual Report and the second will be of the information in the Plan Summary when they are completed and submitted (due December 31, 2015). Thanks - Jennifer

26 Appendix B Confirmation of Submission

27

28 Appendix C Summary of the Toxic Substance Reduction Plan

29 Environment Canada Plan Summary Preview Company Details Company Legal Name Arla Foods Inc. Company Address 675 Rivermede Road, Concord (Ontario) Report Details Facility Name Country office Facility Address 675 Rivermade, Concord (Ontario) Update Comments Activities Contacts Select the Facility Contacts Facility Contacts Please assign the appropriate contact under each category below. Public Contact: * Jan Haakansson Highest Ranking Employee Jan Haakansson Person responsible for Toxic Substance Reduction Plan preparation Greg Sanford Organization Validation Company and Parent Company Information Company Details Company Legal Name: * Arla Foods Inc. Page 1 of 13 Printed on 05/01/ :23:08 AM

30 Environment Canada Company Trade Name: * Arla Foods Canada Business Number: * Mailing Address Delivery Mode PO Box Rural Route Number Address Line 1 City * Province/Territory ** Postal Code: ** 675 Rivermede Road Concord Ontario L4K 2G9 Physical Address Address Line 1 City Province/Territory Postal Code 675 Rivermede Road Concord Ontario L4K 2G9 Additional Information Land Survey Description National Topographical Description Parent Companies Empty Facility Validation The information in this section was copied from the Single Window Information Manager (SWIM) at the time the plan summary was created. Please verify the information and update it where required. Please note that any changes made here will only be reflected in this plan summary. To ensure updates reflected in future reports, please ensure the information is updated in SWIM. After making updates in SWIM, return here and click the "Refresh" button to trigger a reload of the SWIM information. Please note all previously entered data Page 2 of 13 Printed on 05/01/ :23:08 AM

31 Environment Canada will be modified. Facility Information Facility Name: * Country office NAICS Code: * NPRI Id: * ON Reg 127/01 Id Facility Mailing Address Delivery Mode PO Box Rural Route Number Address Line 1 City * Province/Territory ** Postal Code: ** Physical Address Address Line 1 City Province/Territory Postal Code 675 Rivermade Concord Ontario L4K 2G9 675 Rivermade Concord Ontario L4K 2G9 Additional Information Land Survey Description National Topographical Description Geographical Address Latitude ** Page 3 of 13 Printed on 05/01/ :23:08 AM

32 Environment Canada Longitude ** UTM Zone ** 17 UTM Easting ** UTM Northing ** Contact Validation The information in this section was copied from the Single Window Information Manager (SWIM) at the time the plan summary was created. Please verify the information and update it where required. Please note that any changes made here will only be reflected in this plan summary. To ensure updates reflected in future reports, please ensure the information is updated in SWIM. After making updates in SWIM, return here and click the "Refresh" button to trigger a reload of the SWIM information. Please note all previously entered data will be modified. Contacts Public Contact First Name: * Last Name: * Position: * Jan Haakansson Site Director Telephone: * Ext 347 Fax * Jan.Haakansson@arlafoods.com Mailing Address Delivery Mode PO Box Rural Route Number Address Line 1 City * 675 Rivermede Road Concord Page 4 of 13 Printed on 05/01/ :23:08 AM

33 Environment Canada Province/Territory ** Postal Code: ** Highest Ranking Employee First Name: * Last Name: * Position: * Ontario L4K 2G9 Jan Haakansson Site Director Telephone: * Ext 347 Fax * Jan.Haakansson@arlafoods.com Mailing Address Delivery Mode PO Box Rural Route Number Address Line 1 City * Province/Territory ** Postal Code: ** 675 Rivermede Road Concord Ontario L4K 2G9 Person responsible for the Toxic Substance Reduction Plan preparation First Name: * Greg Last Name: * Position: * Sanford Manager Engineering and Maintenance Telephone: * Page 5 of 13 Printed on 05/01/ :23:08 AM

34 Environment Canada Ext 403 Fax * greg.sanford@arlafoods.com Mailing Address Delivery Mode PO Box Rural Route Number Address Line 1 City * Province/Territory ** Postal Code: ** 675 Rivermede Road Concord Ontario L4K 2G9 Employees Employees Number of Full-time Employees: * 109 Substances , Nitric acid , Nitric acid Substances Section Data Statement of Intent Are the following included in the Facility's TRA Plan? Use Is there a statement that the owner or operator of the facility intends to reduce the use of the toxic substance at the facility?: * No If yes, exact statement of the intent that is included in the facility s TRA Plan to reduce the use of the toxic substance at the facility: ** Page 6 of 13 Printed on 05/01/ :23:08 AM

35 Environment Canada If no, reason in the facility s TRA Plan for no intent to reduce the use of the toxic substance at the facility: ** The substance was used for product and public safety. Creation Is there a statement that the owner or operator of the facility intends to reduce the creation of the toxic substance at the facility?: * No If yes, exact statement of the intent that is included in the facility s TRA Plan to reduce the creation of the toxic substance at the facility: ** If no, reason in the facility s TRA Plan for no intent to reduce the creation of the toxic substance at the facility: ** It was not created. Objectives, Targets and Description Objectives Objectives in plan: * Arla have recently installed a new effluent neutralization system to optimize the use of the toxic substance. Arla will continue their effort in protecting the environment. Use Targets What is the targeted reduction in use of the toxic substance at the facility? * No quantity target or Quantity Unit What is the targeted timeframe for this reduction? * No timeline target years or Description of targets Page 7 of 13 Printed on 05/01/ :23:08 AM

36 Environment Canada Creation Targets What is the targeted reduction in creation of the toxic substance at the facility? * No quantity target or Quantity Unit What is the targeted timeframe for this reduction? * No timeline target years or Description of Target Reasons for Use Why is the toxic substance used at the facility?: * Ancillary other use Summarize why the toxic substance is used at the facility: ** It was used to clean process equipment and treat process wastewater. Reasons for Creation Why is the toxic substance created at the facility?: * This substance is not created at the facility Summarize why the toxic substance is created at the facility: ** Toxic Reduction Options for Implementation Description of the toxic reduction option(s) to be implemented Is there a statement that no option will be implemented?: * Yes, we are not implementing If you answered No to this question, please add the option(s) under the appropriate Toxic Substance Reduction Categories (e.g. Materials or feedstock substitution, Product design or reformulation, etc.). If you answered Yes please provide an explanation below why your facility is not implementing an option. Explanation of the reasons why no option will be implemented: ** Page 8 of 13 Printed on 05/01/ :23:08 AM

37 Environment Canada The substance was used for product and public safety. Materials or feedstock substitution Empty Product design or reformulation Empty Equipment or process modifications Empty Spill or leak prevention Empty On-site reuse, recycling or recovery Empty Improved inventory management or purchasing techniques Empty Good operator practice or training Empty Rationale for why the listed options were chosen for implementation General description of any actions undertaken by the owner and operator of the facility to reduce the use and creation of the toxic substance at the facility that are outside of the plan License Number of the toxic substance reduction planner who made recommendations in the toxic substance reduction plan for this substance (format TSRPXXXX): * TSRP0104 License Number of the toxic substance reduction planner who has certified the toxic substance reduction plan for this substance (format TSRPXXXX): * TSRP0104 What version of the plan is this summary based on?: * New Plan NA - 17, Nitrate ion in solution at ph >= 6.0 NA - 17, Nitrate ion in solution at ph >= 6.0 Substances Section Data Page 9 of 13 Printed on 05/01/ :23:08 AM

38 Environment Canada Statement of Intent Are the following included in the Facility's TRA Plan? Use Is there a statement that the owner or operator of the facility intends to reduce the use of the toxic substance at the facility?: * No If yes, exact statement of the intent that is included in the facility s TRA Plan to reduce the use of the toxic substance at the facility: ** If no, reason in the facility s TRA Plan for no intent to reduce the use of the toxic substance at the facility: ** The toxic substance was used for product and public safety. Creation Is there a statement that the owner or operator of the facility intends to reduce the creation of the toxic substance at the facility?: * No If yes, exact statement of the intent that is included in the facility s TRA Plan to reduce the creation of the toxic substance at the facility: ** If no, reason in the facility s TRA Plan for no intent to reduce the creation of the toxic substance at the facility: ** The toxic substance was not created. Objectives, Targets and Description Objectives Objectives in plan: * Arla have recently installed a new effluent neutralization system to optimize the use of the toxic substance. Arla will continue their effort in protecting the environment. Use Targets What is the targeted reduction in use of the toxic substance at the facility? * No quantity target or Quantity Unit Page 10 of 13 Printed on 05/01/ :23:08 AM

39 Environment Canada What is the targeted timeframe for this reduction? * No timeline target years or Description of targets Creation Targets What is the targeted reduction in creation of the toxic substance at the facility? * No quantity target or Quantity Unit What is the targeted timeframe for this reduction? * No timeline target years or Description of Target Reasons for Use Why is the toxic substance used at the facility?: * Ancillary other use Summarize why the toxic substance is used at the facility: ** It was used to clean process equipment and treat process wastewater Reasons for Creation Why is the toxic substance created at the facility?: * This substance is not created at the facility Summarize why the toxic substance is created at the facility: ** Page 11 of 13 Printed on 05/01/ :23:09 AM

40 Environment Canada Toxic Reduction Options for Implementation Description of the toxic reduction option(s) to be implemented Is there a statement that no option will be implemented?: * Yes, we are not implementing If you answered No to this question, please add the option(s) under the appropriate Toxic Substance Reduction Categories (e.g. Materials or feedstock substitution, Product design or reformulation, etc.). If you answered Yes please provide an explanation below why your facility is not implementing an option. Explanation of the reasons why no option will be implemented: ** The substance was used for product safety and public safety. Materials or feedstock substitution Empty Product design or reformulation Empty Equipment or process modifications Empty Spill or leak prevention Empty On-site reuse, recycling or recovery Empty Improved inventory management or purchasing techniques Empty Good operator practice or training Empty Rationale for why the listed options were chosen for implementation General description of any actions undertaken by the owner and operator of the facility to reduce the use and creation of the toxic substance at the facility that are outside of the plan License Number of the toxic substance reduction planner who made recommendations in the toxic substance reduction plan for this substance (format TSRPXXXX): * TSRP0104 License Number of the toxic substance reduction planner who has certified the toxic substance reduction plan for this substance (format TSRPXXXX): * Page 12 of 13 Printed on 05/01/ :23:09 AM

41 Environment Canada TSRP0104 What version of the plan is this summary based on?: * New Plan Page 13 of 13 Printed on 05/01/ :23:09 AM

42 Appendix D Summary of the Toxic Substance Accounting

43 Environment Canada Report Preview Company Details Name Arla Foods Inc. Address 675 Rivermede Road, Concord (Ontario) Report Details Report Status Update 1 - Submitted 2014 Report Type Inventory Facility Name Country office Facility Address 675 Rivermede Road, Concord (Ontario) Update Comments To file an exit record for PM2.5. To provide TRA Quantifications for nitric acid and nitrate ion. Activity Details Applicable Programs Please select all that apply. Environment Canada Programs NPRI - National Pollutant Release Inventory Partnering Programs ON MOE TRA - Ontario Ministry of the Environment for the Toxic Reductions Act ON MOE Reg. 127/01 - Ontario Ministry of the Environment for the Airborne Contaminant Discharge Monitoring and Reporting Regulation Page 1 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:07 PM

44 Environment Canada NERM - Chemistry Industry Association of Canada for the National Emission Reduction Masterplan survey NFPRER - National Framework for Petroleum Refinery Emission Reductions Contacts Select the appropriate person from the drop-down menu for each contact. Facility Contacts Select the appropriate person from the drop-down menu for each contact. Technical Contact: * Greg Sanford Certifying Official (or authorized delegate): * Jan Haakansson Highest Ranking Employee: * Jan Haakansson Person who prepared the report: * Yvonne Tong Person who coordinated the preparation of the Toxics Reduction Plan (required after a plan summary has been submitted) Company Coordinator (optional) Public Contact (optional) Contractor Contact (optional) Yvonne Tong If you are an independent contractor or consultant, please enter your company name in the field below Compliance Environmental Services Employees and Activities Employees Number of Employees * Page 2 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:07 PM

45 Environment Canada 109 Activities If your facility was engaged in any of the following activities, check the relevant box(es), otherwise click "None of the Above". For the second "Activities" list, if you select one of these activities then you must report dioxins, furans and hexachlorobenzene. Activities for Which the 20,000-Hour Employee Threshold Does Not Apply: (check all that apply) * None of the above Activities Relevant to Reporting Dioxins, Furans and Hexacholorobenzene: (check all that apply) * None of the above Activities Relevant to Reporting of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Did the following activity take place at the facility? Wood preservation using creosote: * No General Facility Information NPRI Is this the first time the facility is reporting to the NPRI (under current or past ownership)? * No Is the facility controlled by another Canadian company or companies? * No Did the facility report under other environmental regulations or permits? * No Is the facility required to report one or more NPRI Part 4 substances (Criteria Air Contaminants)? * Yes If 'Yes' to reporting for one or more Part 4 substances:was the facility shut down for more than one week during the year? ** No Operating Schedule - Days of the Week ** Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun Page 3 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:07 PM

46 Environment Canada Operating Schedule - Hours ** Usual Number of Operating Hours per day Usual Daily Start Time (24h) (hh:mm) 18 04:00 Shutdown Periods ** To report a shutdown period, click the "+" sign to the right side of the screen. Empty General Comments for Facility Comments Verify Facility Information Company Information Company Details Company Legal Name Arla Foods Inc. Business Number Mailing Address Delivery Mode PO Box Rural Route Number Address Line 1 City * Province/Territory ** Postal Code: ** Country * 675 Rivermede Road Concord Ontario L4K 2G9 Canada Facility Information Facility * Country office NAICS Code * Page 4 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:07 PM

47 Environment Canada NPRI ID * (Assigned by Environment Canada) Facility Physical Address Address Line 1 City Province/Territory Postal Code Country 675 Rivermede Road Concord Ontario L4K 2G9 Canada Additional Information Land Survey Description National Topographical Description Geographical Address Latitude ** Longitude ** UTM Zone ** 17 UTM Easting ** UTM Northing ** Facility Contacts Contact Types Technical Contact First Name: * Last Name: * Position: * Greg Sanford Manager Engineering and Maintenance Telephone: * Page 5 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:07 PM

48 Environment Canada Ext Fax * greg.sanford@arlafoods.com Mailing Address Delivery Mode PO Box Rural Route Number Address Line 1 City * Province/Territory ** Postal Code: ** Country * Certifying Official First Name: * Last Name: * Position: * 675 Rivermede Road Concord Ontario L4K 2G9 Canada Jan Haakansson President Telephone: * Ext Fax * Jan.Haakansson@arlafoods.com Mailing Address Delivery Mode PO Box Page 6 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:07 PM

49 Environment Canada Rural Route Number Address Line 1 City * Province/Territory ** Postal Code: ** Country * Contractor Contact First Name: * Last Name: * Position: * 675 Rivermede Road Concord Ontario L4K 2G9 Canada Yvonne Tong Air Quality Compliance Scientist Telephone: * Ext Fax * yvonnehk@hotmail.com Mailing Address Delivery Mode PO Box Rural Route Number Address Line 1 City * Province/Territory ** Postal Code: ** Country * 193 Valleyview Drive Ancaster Ontario L9G 2A7 Canada Page 7 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:07 PM

50 Environment Canada Highest Ranking Employee First Name: * Last Name: * Position: * Jan Haakansson Site Director Telephone: * Ext Fax * Jan.Haakansson@arlafoods.com Mailing Address Delivery Mode PO Box Rural Route Number Address Line 1 City * Province/Territory ** Postal Code: ** Country * Person who prepared the report First Name: * Last Name: * Position: * 675 Rivermede Road Concord Ontario L4K 2G9 Canada Yvonne Tong Air Quality Compliance Scientist Telephone: * Ext Page 8 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:07 PM

51 Environment Canada Fax * yvonnehk@hotmail.com Mailing Address Delivery Mode PO Box Rural Route Number Address Line 1 City * Province/Territory ** Postal Code: ** Country * 193 Valleyview Drive Ancaster Ontario L9G 2A7 Canada Pollution Prevention Pollution Prevention Plans Does the facility have a documented pollution prevention plan? * No If 'Yes' a) Please check all that apply b) Did the facility update their plan in the current reporting year? c) Does the plan address substances, energy conservation, or water conservation? Please summarize your pollution prevention plan and/or your pollution prevention activities (this information will be publicly available) ** Page 9 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:07 PM

52 Environment Canada Pollution Prevention Activities Did the facility complete any pollution prevention activities in the current NPRI reporting year? * No Selecting "Yes" will initiate the reporting of the specific pollution prevention activities that were completed in the current reporting year on the following screen. Substance Details NA - M10, PM2.5 - Particulate Matter <= 2.5 Microns NA - M10, PM2.5 - Particulate Matter <= 2.5 Microns Substance Reporting Status Applicable Programs NPRI - Does this substance meet the criteria specified in the Canada Gazette notice? Selecting "No" indicates voluntary reporting of this substance to the NPRI. * No ON MOE TRA - Does this substance meet the criteria specified in the Ontario Regulation 455/09 under the TRA? Selecting "No" indicates voluntary reporting of this substance to the ON MOE. * No Is this considered the first report for this substance to the ON MOE TRA? (Please select Help for further clarification) * No Would you like to create an exit record for this ON MOE TRA substance? * Yes Comments TRA Exit Record TRA Ceases to Apply for the Substance Select the following circumstance(s) that apply: * The substance did not meet the criteria to provide information to NPRI Describe the circumstances that lead to the criteria no longer being met * Correct natural gas consumption was provided this reporting year. Page 10 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:07 PM

53 Environment Canada Describe the information and any quantifications relied upon for making the determination * Enbridge On-site Releases Click "Edit" to enter your reportable values.in order to calculate totals, you must click the "Validate" button. Enter the values for releases to air for the substance Releases to Air Category Basis Of Estimate Quantity (Tonnes) Stack or Point Releases NA - Not Applicable Storage or Handling Releases NA - Not Applicable Fugitive Releases C - Mass Balance Spills NA - Not Applicable Other Non-point Releases NA - Not Applicable Road Dust NA - Not Applicable Total - Releases to Air Breakdown of Annual Releases Distribute Equally Monthly Releases January % February % March % April % May % June % July % August % September % October % November % December % Page 11 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:08 PM

54 Environment Canada Total % Reasons for Changes in Quantities Released from Previous Year Select the applicable reason or reasons * Other (specify in On-site Releases comment field) Comments? (On-Site Releases) ** Correct natural gas consumption was provided by Enbridge this year , Nitric acid , Nitric acid Substance Reporting Status Applicable Programs NPRI - Does this substance meet the criteria specified in the Canada Gazette notice? Selecting "No" indicates voluntary reporting of this substance to the NPRI. * Yes ON MOE TRA - Does this substance meet the criteria specified in the Ontario Regulation 455/09 under the TRA? Selecting "No" indicates voluntary reporting of this substance to the ON MOE. * Yes Is this considered the first report for this substance to the ON MOE TRA? (Please select Help for further clarification) * Yes Would you like to create an exit record for this ON MOE TRA substance? * No Comments General Information about the Substance Releases and Transfers of the Substance Page 12 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:08 PM

55 Environment Canada Releases and Transfers of the Substance Was the substance released on-site? * No If the substance was released on-site and the total quantity released was less than one tonne, select the check-box below The substance will be reported as the sum of releases to all media (total of 1 tonne or less). Disposals and Off-site Transfers for Recycling Was the substance disposed of (on-site or off-site), or transferred for treatment prior to final disposal? * No Is the facility required to report on disposals of tailings and waste rock for the selected reporting period? * No Was the substance transferred off-site for recycling? * No Nature of Activities * Indicate whether the substance was manufactured, processed, or otherwise used, by selecting the nature of such activities. Manufacture the Substance Process the Substance Otherwise Use of the Substance Ancillary/other use TRA Quantifications Enters the facility (Use), Creation, Contained in Product for ON MOE TRA Enters the facility (Use) The amount of substance that enters a process as the substance itself or part of another substance, rolled up at the facility level. Quantity (Tonnes) ** Page 13 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:08 PM

56 Environment Canada Do you want to use ranges for public reporting? If "No" is selected you are indicating that any report to the public may contain the exact quantity provided. * Yes Creation The amount of substance that is created Quantity (Tonnes) ** 0 Do you want to use ranges for public reporting? If "No" is selected you are indicating that any report to the public may contain the exact quantity provided. * No Contained in Product The amount of substance contained in product Quantity (Tonnes) ** 0 Do you want to use ranges for public reporting? If "No" is selected you are indicating that any report to the public may contain the exact quantity provided. * No Change in Method of Quantification There has been a change in the method or combination of methods used to track and quantify the substance during the previous calendar year Describe the changes ** Select the reason for change: ** Describe how the change impact tracking and quantification of the substance ** Incidents out of the normal course of events Page 14 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:08 PM

57 Environment Canada There have been incidents out of the normal course of events that occurred at the facility during the previous calendar year that affected the results of tracking/quantification of this substance. Explain how tracking and quantifications were affected ** Significant Process Change There has been a significant process change at the facility during the previous calendar year. On-site Releases Click "Edit" to enter your reportable values.in order to calculate totals, you must click the "Validate" button. Reasons for Changes in Quantities Released from Previous Year Select the applicable reason or reasons * Not applicable (first year reporting this substance) Comments? (On-Site Releases) ** Disposals Reasons for Changes in Quantities Disposed from Previous Year Select the applicable reason or reasons. Not applicable (first year reporting this substance) Comments? (Disposals) Recycling Reasons for Changes in Quantities Recycled from Previous Year Select the applicable reason or reasons * Not applicable (first year reporting this substance) Comments? (Recycling) NA - 17, Nitrate ion in solution at ph >= 6.0 NA - 17, Nitrate ion in solution at ph >= 6.0 Page 15 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:08 PM

58 Environment Canada Substance Reporting Status Applicable Programs NPRI - Does this substance meet the criteria specified in the Canada Gazette notice? Selecting "No" indicates voluntary reporting of this substance to the NPRI. * Yes ON MOE TRA - Does this substance meet the criteria specified in the Ontario Regulation 455/09 under the TRA? Selecting "No" indicates voluntary reporting of this substance to the ON MOE. * Yes Is this considered the first report for this substance to the ON MOE TRA? (Please select Help for further clarification) * Yes Would you like to create an exit record for this ON MOE TRA substance? * No Comments General Information about the Substance Releases and Transfers of the Substance Releases and Transfers of the Substance Was the substance released on-site? * No If the substance was released on-site and the total quantity released was less than one tonne, select the check-box below The substance will be reported as the sum of releases to all media (total of 1 tonne or less). Disposals and Off-site Transfers for Recycling Was the substance disposed of (on-site or off-site), or transferred for treatment prior to final disposal? * No Is the facility required to report on disposals of tailings and waste rock for the selected reporting period? * No Was the substance transferred off-site for recycling? * No Page 16 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:09 PM

59 Environment Canada Nature of Activities * Indicate whether the substance was manufactured, processed, or otherwise used, by selecting the nature of such activities. Manufacture the Substance Process the Substance Otherwise Use of the Substance Ancillary/other use TRA Quantifications Enters the facility (Use), Creation, Contained in Product for ON MOE TRA Enters the facility (Use) The amount of substance that enters a process as the substance itself or part of another substance, rolled up at the facility level. Quantity (Tonnes) ** Do you want to use ranges for public reporting? If "No" is selected you are indicating that any report to the public may contain the exact quantity provided. * Yes Creation The amount of substance that is created Quantity (Tonnes) ** 0 Do you want to use ranges for public reporting? If "No" is selected you are indicating that any report to the public may contain the exact quantity provided. * No Contained in Product The amount of substance contained in product Quantity (Tonnes) ** Page 17 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:09 PM

60 Environment Canada 0 Do you want to use ranges for public reporting? If "No" is selected you are indicating that any report to the public may contain the exact quantity provided. * No Change in Method of Quantification There has been a change in the method or combination of methods used to track and quantify the substance during the previous calendar year Describe the changes ** Select the reason for change: ** Describe how the change impact tracking and quantification of the substance ** Incidents out of the normal course of events There have been incidents out of the normal course of events that occurred at the facility during the previous calendar year that affected the results of tracking/quantification of this substance. Explain how tracking and quantifications were affected ** Significant Process Change There has been a significant process change at the facility during the previous calendar year. On-site Releases Click "Edit" to enter your reportable values.in order to calculate totals, you must click the "Validate" button. Reasons for Changes in Quantities Released from Previous Year Select the applicable reason or reasons * Not applicable (first year reporting this substance) Comments? (On-Site Releases) ** Disposals Page 18 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:09 PM

61 Environment Canada Reasons for Changes in Quantities Disposed from Previous Year Select the applicable reason or reasons. Not applicable (first year reporting this substance) Comments? (Disposals) Recycling Reasons for Changes in Quantities Recycled from Previous Year Select the applicable reason or reasons * Not applicable (first year reporting this substance) Comments? (Recycling) Page 19 of 19 Printed on 16/12/ :54:09 PM

62 Appendix E Calculations

63 Arla Project Number NPRI & Toxic Substance Accounting 4-Dec MPO Cleaning Product With NPRI Part 1 Substance Annual Usage Cleaning Product Density Contained NPRI Substance NPRI Substance Percentage MPO Reporting Status (L/year) (kg/l) Name CAS No. Min % Max % Ave % (kg/year) (yes or no) Oxonia yes Peracetic acid (and its salts) % 10% 8% 1,181 no Ster Bac yes 19, Ethyl alcohol % 5% 3% 596 no Note 1 Nitric acid ,108 yes 1. Various cleaning products contain nitric acid, nitrate ion and phosphorous (total). Instead of reviewing MSDS of the cleaning products, usages of NPRI substances are provided by the supplier's purchase record. Nitrate ion NA ,707 yes Phosphorous (total) in phosphoric acid NA no 2014 Purchase Record from Ecolab Data Sum Pkg Total Kg Total KG KG Phosphorous from other Total KG Total KG Total KG Product Name and Size of Units Size or L Total KG Phosphoric Nitric additives Phosphorous Nitrate POAA Eco-Wipe FCS Ct Envirocid 1150L Exelerate CIP 208 L Foam Force 1150 L HC-10 Chlor Km 15.9 Kg Kay Lotion Hand Soap 4X MIP ACP 208L MIP-ACP 1150 L Oxonia Active 190L Sani-Step 50 Lb (22.7 Kg Soil-Off II 208 L Ster Bac 1150L Ster-Bac (KQ-12) 1150 L Ster-Bac (KQ-12) 208 L Ultrasil L Ultrasil L Ultrasil L Ultrasil L Ultrasil MP 208 L XY L

64 Appendix F Publications

65 9.6.1 Natural And Processed Cheese General 1-3 The United States is one of the largest producers of cheese in the world. The total number of industry establishments in the United States in 1995 was 432. In 1995, total natural cheese production in the U. S., excluding cottage cheeses, was 6.9 billion pounds, and total processed cheese production was 2.3 billion pounds. Wisconsin is the leading producer of cheese in the United States, accounting for over 30 percent of all cheese production in the country. Popular types of natural cheeses include unripened (e. g., cottage cheese, cream cheese), soft (e. g., Brie, Camembert), semi-hard (e. g., Brick, Muenster, Roquefort, Stilton), hard (e. g., Colby, Cheddar), blue veined (e. g., Blue, Gorgonzola), cooked hard cheeses (e. g., Swiss, Parmesan), and pasta filata (stretched curd, e. g., Mozzarella, Provolone). Examples of processed cheeses include American cheese and various cheese spreads, which are made by blending two or more varieties of cheese or blending portions of the same type of cheese that are in different stages of ripeness Process Description 4-9 The modern manufacture of natural cheese consists of four basic steps: coagulating, draining, salting, and ripening. Processed cheese manufacture incorporates extra steps, including cleaning, blending, and melting. No two cheese varieties are produced by the same method. However, manufacturing different cheeses does not require widely different procedures but rather the same steps with variations during each step, the same steps with a variation in their order, special applications, or different ripening practices. Table presents variations in the cheesemaking process characteristic of particular cheese varieties. This section includes a generic process description; steps specific to a single cheese variety are mentioned but are not discussed in detail Natural Cheese Manufacture - The following sections describe the steps in the manufacture of natural cheese. Figure presents a general process diagram. Milk Preparation - Cow's milk is the most widely used milk in cheese processing. First, the milk is homogenized to ensure a constant fat level. A standardizing centrifuge, which skims off the surplus fat as cream, is often used to obtain the fat levels appropriate for different varieties of cheese. Following homogenization, the milk is ready for pasteurization, which is necessary to destroy harmful micro-organisms and bacteria. Coagulation - Coagulation, or clotting of the milk, is the basis of cheese production. Coagulation is brought about by physical and chemical modifications to the constituents of milk and leads to the separation of the solid part of milk (the curd) from the liquid part (the whey). To initiate coagulation, milk is mixed with a starter, which is a culture of harmless, active bacteria. The enzyme rennin is also used in coagulation. Most of the fat and protein from the milk are retained in the curd, but nearly all of the lactose and some of the minerals, protein, and vitamins escape into the whey. Table provides the primary coagulating agents and the coagulating times necessary for different varieties of cheese. 7/97 Food And Agricultural Industry

66 Table DIFFERENCES IN SELECTED CHEESEMAKING STEPS Type of Cheese Primary Coagulating Agent/Time Cooking Temp. C ( F) Primary Draining Method ph Salting, % Pressing Ripening Period Blue Rennin (30 min) 33.3 (92) Vat drain 5.4 Dry (5.0) In molds, no surface weights 60 days minimum; 3-4 mos usually; 9 mos for more flavor Brick Rennin (25 min) 35.6 (96) Vat drain 5.4 Brine (1.5) In molds, surface weights 4-8 weeks Camembert Rennin (45 min) 32.2 (90) Dip 5.1 Dry (1.5) In molds, no surface weights 4-5 weeks Cheddar Rennin (25 min) 37.8 (100) Vat drain 5.2 Dry (1.5) Horizontal hydraulic press 60 days minimum; 3-6 mos usually; 12 or longer for sharp flavor Cottage Acid (5 hr) 48.9 (120) Vat drain 4.6 Dry (1.0) Vat packing Unripened Cream Acid (5 hr) 57.2 (135) Hoop 4.6 Dry (1.0) Bag packing Unripened Mozzarella Rennin (30 min) 32.2 (90) Vat drain 5.3 Brine (0.7) Bag packing Unripened to 2 months Provolone Rennin (20 min) 47.8 (118) Vat drain 5.3 Brine (1.5) Vat packing 6-14 months Ricotta Acid (30 min) 80.0 (176) Hoop 5.9 Dry (0.5) Can packing Unripened Romano Rennin (20 min) 46.7 (116) Dip 5.3 Dry (5.0) In molds, surface weights 5 months min.; 12 months for grating Swiss Rennin (30 min) 53.3 (128) Dip 6.2 Brine (1.6) Vertical hydraulic press 2 months min.; 2-9 months usually Source: Reference EMISSION FACTORS 7/97

67 MILK PREPARATION (HOMEGENIZING, PASTEURIZING) COAGULATING VOC CURD TREATMENT POSSIBLE VOC CURD DRAINING WHEY DISPOSAL OR FURTHER PROCESSING CURD KNITTING WHEY DRYER ( ) PM, POSSIBLE VOC SALTING PRESSING RIPENING VOC GRINDING, GRATING, OR SHREDDING CHEESE DRYER ( ) PM, POSSIBLE VOC PACKAGING PM DRIED CHEESE PRODUCTS Figure Natural cheese manufacture. (Source Classification Code in parentheses.) 7/97 Food And Agricultural Industry

68 Curd Treatment - After the curd is formed, it is cut into small pieces to speed whey expulsion and increase the surface area. The curd particles are cut into various sizes, depending on the variety of cheese being made. Cutting the curd into small cubes reduces the moisture content of the curd, whereas creating larger cubes increases the moisture content. Following the cutting step, the curd is cooked, which contracts the curd particles and acts to remove whey, develop texture, and establish moisture control. The cut curds and whey are heated and agitated. Table provides the cooking temperatures required to produce typical varieties of cheeses. Curd Drainage - The next step in cheese manufacture, drainage, involves separating the whey from the curd. Drainage can be accelerated by either heat treatment or mechanical treatment, such as cutting, stirring, oscillating, or pressing. After the curd is dry, it is cut into blocks which can then be filled into cheese hoops for further draining and pressing. Table gives the primary draining methods for a variety of cheeses. For some cheeses, special applications and procedures occur immediately before, during, or after the draining stage. For example, internally ripened, or blue veined, cheeses (e. g., Blue, Roquefort) are usually seeded with penicillium powder prior to drainage. Cooked hard cheeses (e. g., Parmesan) are stirred and warmed to accelerate and complete the separation of the whey. The separated whey may be treated and disposed of; shipped offsite in liquid or concentrated form for use as animal feed; used to make whey cheese; dried for lactose, mineral, or protein recovery; or dried for use as a food additive or use in the manufacture of processed cheese. Curd Knitting - Knitting, or transforming, the curd allows the accumulating lactic acid to chemically change the curd; knitting also includes salting and pressing. This step leads to the characteristic texture of different cheeses. During the curd knitting stage, Provolone and Mozzarella cheeses are pulled and processed (these cheeses are then kneaded, drawn, shaped, and smoothed); a bean gum or some other type of gum is added to cream cheese to stabilize and stiffen it; and a creaming agent (cream and/or milk) is added to cottage cheese. During this period, specific ph levels are controlled to produce different varieties of cheese (see Table ). To salt the cheese, coarse salt is spread over the surface of the cheese or the pressed cheese is immersed in a salt solution. Salting further completes the drainage of the cheese and also affects rind formation, growth of microorganisms, and enzyme activity. Table provides the salting method and salt percentage necessary to produce a particular variety of cheese. Pressing determines the characteristic shape of the cheese by compacting the texture, extruding free whey from the curds, and completing the curd knitting. Pressing involves confining the wet, warm curds in a form or cloth bag. With some cheeses, vertical pressing is used; others require vacuum pressing to remove occluded air and give a close-knit body. See Table for the different pressing practices for various cheeses. Ripening - During the ripening or curing stage, varieties of cheeses acquire their own unique textures, aromas, appearances, and tastes through complex physical and chemical changes that are controlled as much as possible by adjusting temperature, humidity, and duration of ripening. For all cheeses, the purpose of ripening is to allow beneficial bacteria and enzymes to transform the fresh curd into a cheese of a specific flavor, texture, and appearance. Cottage and cream cheeses are not ripened, and usually have a bland flavor and soft body EMISSION FACTORS 7/97

69 Some cheeses require the application of a special ripening agent to create a particular taste or texture. For example, some cheeses rely wholly on surface bacteria and yeast applied to their exteriors for curing and ripening (e. g., Brick, Brie, Camembert); others require injection of particular bacteria and molds (e. g., Blue) or gas-forming microorganisms (e. g., Swiss). It is during the ripening stage that the rind or crust forms on the cheese's surface. The rind controls the loss of moisture from the internal part of the cheese and regulates the escape of gases released during ripening. Preserving And Packaging - Modern cheese packaging protects the food from microorganisms and prevents moisture loss. Ripened cheeses must undergo special procedures during packaging for preservative reasons. Unripened cheeses are packaged immediately after the curd is collected and must be immediately refrigerated. Many ripened cheeses are coated in wax to protect them from mold contamination and to reduce the rate of moisture loss. Cheeses that naturally develop a thick, tightly woven rind, such as Swiss, do not require waxing. A second method of ripened cheese packaging involves applying laminated cellophane films to unwaxed cheese surfaces. The most common packaging film consists of two laminated cellophane sheets and a brown paper overlay necessary for shipping. A variation includes a metal foil wrap Processed Cheese Manufacture - Nearly one-third of all cheese produced in the United States consists of processed cheese and processed cheese products. There are many different types of final products in processed cheese manufacture. These cheeses are distinguished from one another not only by their composition but by their presentation as individual portions, individual slices, rectangular blocks, or special presentation as cylinders or tubes. Processed cheese is made by pasteurizing, emulsifying, and blending natural cheese. Processed cheese foods, spreads, and cold pack cheeses contain additional ingredients, such as nonfat milk solids and condiments. Several varieties of natural cheeses may be mixed, and powdered milk, whey, cream or butter, and water may be added. The following section describes the basic steps necessary for producing pasteurized process cheese, the most common processed cheese. Pasteurized Process Cheese - Cheeses are selected to be processed from both mild and sharp cheeses. For example, American cheese is made from Cheddar and Colby cheeses. Once selected, the cheeses must be analyzed for their fat and moisture contents to determine the proper amount of emulsifiers and salts to be added. Cheese surfaces are cleaned by scraping and trimming, and the rinds are removed. After cleaning, the cheese blocks are ground in massive grinders, combined, and the cheese mixture is heated. At this point, the melted cheese separates into a fat and serum. Emulsifiers are added to disperse the fat, and create a uniform, homogenous mass. The molten cheese is removed quickly from the cookers and is pumped or dropped into packaging hoppers. The cheese is packaged in the absence of oxygen to inhibit the growth of mold. The cheese is usually wrapped in lacquered aluminum foil or in aluminum foil-lined cardboard or plastic boxes. For sliced processed cheese, the molten cheese is spread uniformly by chilled steel rollers and cut by rotary knives to consumer size. 7/97 Food And Agricultural Industry

70 Processed Cheese Foods - Other processed cheeses that are similar to the above in manufacturing are also commonly produced. For example, to produce pasteurized process cheese food, one or more of the following optional dairy ingredients are added: cream, milk, skim milk, buttermilk, and/or cheese whey. The result is a processed cheese food that is higher in moisture and lower in fat than pasteurized process cheese. After heating, processed cheese intended for spreading undergoes a creaming step, which includes mechanical kneading of the hot cheese and addition of various dairy products and other additives. Other processed cheese products include cold-packed cheese, cold-packed cheese food, and reduced fat cheeses. All processed cheeses may be enhanced with salt, artificial colorings, spices or flavorings, fruits, vegetables, and meats. Grated and powdered cheeses are produced by removing the moisture from one or more varieties of cheeses and grinding, grating, or shredding the cheese(s). Mold-inhibiting ingredients and anti-caking agents may be added as well. Dehydration takes such forms as tray drying, spray or atomized drying, and freeze drying. Popular types of grated cheese include Parmesan, Romano, Mozzarella, and Cheddar. Cheese powders, such as those made from Cheddar cheese, may be used to flavor pasta, or added to bread dough, potato chips, or dips Emissions And Controls Particulate emissions from cheese manufacture occur during cheese or whey drying, and may occur when the cheese is grated or ground before drying. CO 2 emissions from direct-fired dryers are primarily from the combustion of fuel, natural gas. Cheese dryers are used in the manufacture of grated or powdered cheeses. Whey dryers are used in some facilities to dry the whey after it has been separated from the curd following coagulation. VOC emissions may occur in the coagulation and/or ripening stages. Particulate emissions from cheese and whey dryers are controlled by wet scrubbers, cyclones, or fabric filters. Cyclones are also used for product recovery. Emission factors for cheese drying and whey drying in natural and processed cheese manufacture are shown in Table Source Cheese dryer (SCC ) Table PARTICULATE EMISSION FACTORS FOR NATURAL AND PROCESSED CHEESE MANUFACTURE a Pollutant Filterable PM Condensible inorganic PM Condensible organic PM Average emission factor b lb/ton Rating Ref D D D 1,2,3 2,3 1,2,3 Whey dryer (SCC ) Filterable PM Condensible PM D D 4,6,7 4,6,7 a Emission factor units are lb/ton of dry product. To convert from lb/ton to kg/mg, multiply by 0.5. SCC = Source Classification Code. b Emission factors for cheese dryers represent average values for controlled emissions based on wet scrubbers or venturi scrubbers. Factors for whey dryers are average values for controlled emissions based on cyclones, wet scrubbers, or fabric filters EMISSION FACTORS 7/97

71 References For Section Census Of Manufactures: Dairy Products, U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census, Washington, DC, U. S. Department of Agriculture, National Agriculture Statistics Service, Dairy Products 1995 Summary, Washington, DC, April B. Battistotti, et al., Cheese: A Guide To The World Of Cheese And Cheesemaking, Facts On File Publications, NY, A. Eck, ed., Cheesemaking: Science And Technology, Lavoisier Publishing, New York, A. Meyer, Processed Cheese Manufacture, Food Trade Press Ltd., London, Newer Knowledge Of Cheese And Other Cheese Products, National Dairy Council, Rosemont, IL, M.E. Schwartz, Cheesemaking Technology, Noyes Data Corporation, Park Ridge, NJ, F. Kosikowski, Cheese And Fermented Milk Foods, Edwards Brothers, Ann Arbor, MI, New Standard Encyclopedia, Vol.4, "Cheese", Standard Educational Corporation, Chicago, IL, pp /97 Food And Agricultural Industry

72 Neutralization Project Plan Project: Process Waste Neutralization Revision: A Document #: 2938-PP-001 Date: 29-Nov-2014 NEUTRALIZATION PROJECT PLAN PROCESS WASTE NEUTRALIZATION PROJECT # 2938 DOCUMENT #: 2938-PP-001 REVISION: A DATE: 29-NOV-2014 BFC Technologies Inc Page 1 of 12

73 Neutralization Project Plan Project: Process Waste Neutralization Revision: A Document #: 2938-PP-001 Date: 29-Nov-2014 Table of Contents Revision History Introduction Process Description Basis of Design Background Basis of Design Worst Case Scenario Analysis Sump System Conclusions Limitations Process Waste Sources Sanitary Waste Streams Equipment Control System Project Schedule P&ID Civil Construction Details Enclosures BFC Technologies Inc Page 2 of 12

74 Neutralization Project Plan Project: Process Waste Neutralization Revision: A Document #: 2938-PP-001 Date: 29-Nov-2014 Revision History REVISION ISSUE DATE CHANGES Author A 29-Nov-2014 Issued for approval David Eccleston BFC Technologies Inc Page 3 of 12

75 Neutralization Project Plan Project: Process Waste Neutralization Revision: A Document #: 2938-PP-001 Date: 29-Nov Introduction Arla is a cheese producing facility that has a process waste stream consisting of floor drains, CIP discharge, ricotta whey retentate and equipment sanitizer wash down, having a variety of ph values. The purpose of this project is to collect this waste, neutralize the ph and then discharge it to the sewer. 2 Process Description Overview: The basic principle of the system is to divert the facility process waste line after the interceptor and pass 100% of the waste through a buffer tank where the waste stream will be measured for ph and adjusted to a ph of between 6 and 10.5 and then send it to the city sewer. Documents associated with this description and should be read in conjunction with this description. o Piping & Instrument Diagram PID , Rev 0 Process waste currently leaves the building and enters the grease trap, then is directed to the city sewer. The proposed design redirects this waste stream from the grease trap to an underground waste pumping chamber (Sump). This Sump will be fitted with two submersible pumps that will pump the waste from the sump to a new buffer tank above ground, operated based on level probes in the sump. o The two pumps will operate alternately, i.e. one pump one day, the second the next day and so on. o High level will turn the pump on o Low level will turn the pump off o If the high-high level is activated an operator alarm is given and both pumps will be activated to evacuate the Sump. A 20,000L buffer tank will be located on a concrete pad above ground that will serve as a waste buffer to buffer the waste ph as it passes through the tank. The buffer tank will consist of the following parts; o An inlet from the Sump will enter the tank in the lower third of the tank and will include a manual valve and flow check valve to prevent back flow to the Sump. o A recirculation loop that will take liquid out of the tank and recirculate back to the tank approximately 25% up from the bottom using a high flow low pressure pump. A flow sensor is located in the loop to ensure that the loop is functioning and the tank contents are being agitated. o It has been calculated that the buffer volume level in the tank will be at the 10,000L level (see Buffer calculations), this level will be maintained in the tank at all times using the tank level transmitter. o When new waste enters the tank the ph and temperature is measured and if the ph goes out of tolerance the appropriate chemical (acid or alkali) will be added to bring the waste ph within tolerance. Flow sensors are installed in the chemical feed lines to provide confirmation of chemical flow, if no flow, the waste will be kept in the buffer tank and the operator alarmed. BFC Technologies Inc Page 4 of 12

76 Neutralization Project Plan Project: Process Waste Neutralization Revision: A Document #: 2938-PP-001 Date: 29-Nov-2014 o o o When the recirculation loop indicates the waste is within tolerance and the level is above the minimum buffer level, then the discharge line valve is opened and waste is sent to the sewer. This line also has a flow sensor that will trigger a record to be made of the ph and temperature of the waste going to the sewer, the record will be kept electronically in the plant e-view reporting system and can be printed on demand. If there is an exceptional amount of waste being disposed of in a short amount of time, the tank level may rise to an overflow condition and while the tank will overflow, the overflow volume will have mixed with the tank buffer contents while chemical is being injected and will more than likely be within compliance (ph of 6 to 10.5). The tank has a vent fitted with an insect screen to prevent the creation of a vacuum in the tank. Buffer Tank Overflow Probability of an out of compliance overflow Facility output (avg.) 400 lpm Currently running at lpm Facility output (max.) 1,000 lpm Max. flow a 6 line can pass 1,200 lpm Sump available capacity 5,000 L Based on running at 50% capacity Buffer tank available capacity 10,000 L Based on a 10,000 L buffer level Buffer tank discharge rate (avg.) 400 lpm Can be increased Total available capacity 15,000 L Buffer + Sump Buffer tank in/out ( ) - lpm Average flows cancel each other Max. facility output (1, ) 600 Lpm This is the excess flow over and above the average Time to use up the excess capacity 25 mins The time is adequate to bring the waste into compliance Conclusion: 1. Based on normal operating conditions being upset with an extended period of maximum flow, it will take 25 mins to reach an overflow condition. 2. This means the system has 25 minutes to bring the waste into compliance. 3. We think an overflow is a low probability. 4. The system has the capacity to respond to an overflow and so an out-of-compliance overflow is an extremely low probability. Chemical Feed System o This will be located inside the building and will consist of the following; o Two day tanks one for acid and one for alkali, each with a minimum volume of 200L. BFC Technologies Inc Page 5 of 12

77 Neutralization Project Plan Project: Process Waste Neutralization Revision: A Document #: 2938-PP-001 Date: 29-Nov-2014 o o o Each day tank will have a chemical feed line attached to it, that will maintain the level at an adequate operating level based on the level transmitter mounted in the tank. Low and high level alarms will be supplied to alert the operator of alarm conditions. Each day tank will be constructed with 100% containment. Each day tank will be fitted with a chemical feed pump to supply chemicals to the recirculation loop. General items: o The buffer tank will be insulated o All lines outside and above the frost line will be heat traced and insulated. o The tank is supplied with a lockable valved pump down connection for pump out. o The tank is supplied with a manhole for inspection purposes. o Access to the Sump for maintenance will be provided from the parking area. o A complete operating manual will be provided with the completed system. 3 Basis of Design 3.1 Background The goal of this project is to neutralize the ph of plant effluent before releasing it to drain. 3.2 Basis of Design Due to the number of effluent streams and variations in composition it is not practical to design the system for every scenario. Instead, the worst operating conditions are determined and used as the basis. 3.3 Worst Case Scenario Analysis The worst case scenarios for this plant come from the Clean in Place (CIP) chemicals. The chemicals used for CIP are Sodium Hydroxide and Phosphoric Acid. The following scenarios were considered when determining the worst case effluent streams 1) Daily cleaning of HTST (assumes only one of the Milk or Whey HTST's will be cleaned at any given time) 1,600L ~ 0.79M 1,600L ~ 0.27M 2) Drain NaOH tank (infrequent) 2,000L ~ 0.53M 3) Drain Phosphoric Acid Tank (infrequent) 2,000L ~ 0.13M BFC Technologies Inc Page 6 of 12

78 Neutralization Project Plan Project: Process Waste Neutralization Revision: A Document #: 2938-PP-001 Date: 29-Nov-2014 All waste streams will travel to a 10,000 L sump before being pumped to the buffer tank. It is assumed that the sump pumps will turn on when the volume reaches 50% and turn off when the volume reaches 25%. After calculating the amount of chemical in each of the above scenarios (Appendix A) it was found that the daily cleaning of the HTST sent the most chemical to the sump system. This will be used as our worst case scenario for neutralization in the buffer tank moving forward. 3.3 Sump System It is impossible to determine the exact chemical composition of the sump tank at any given point in time. The two major chemicals that will be present in the sump tank are Sodium Hydroxide and Phosphoric Acid. Phosphoric Acid is a weak acid and is commonly used in buffer solutions. It will maintain the ph at its equilibrium points over a wider range of concentrations than a strong acid. One of the equilibrium points exists at a ph of 7.2. Based on the earlier assumption that the sump pumps will only send waste to the buffer tank when the volume reaches 50%; it was assumed that the remainder of the waste in the sump was water for calculation purposes. The assumption of standing water in the sump was chosen because of the neutralizing effect of the cleaning chemicals, the large amount of rinse water used in the plant, and because it provides a standard baseline for both CIP chemicals. The lowest sump volume that would trigger the sump pumps is 50% (5,000L). For the following scenarios 1,600 L of sump volume will be CIP chemical, the remaining 3,400 L will be assumed as water. Two Scenarios will be investigated to establish the basis of design. See Appendix A for detailed calculations. Scenario 1 1,600L of 0.79M into 3,400 L Sump Water 2,500L of Sump Water into 10,000 L Buffer Tank 70% v/v Phosphoric Acid to neutralize in buffer tank Waste Stream Alkali Volume 1,600L Concentration 0.80 M Initial Sump Volume 3,400L Final Sump Volume 5,000L Final conc M Final Sump ph 13.4 BFC Technologies Inc Page 7 of 12

79 Neutralization Project Plan Project: Process Waste Neutralization Revision: A Document #: 2938-PP-001 Date: 29-Nov-2014 Pump to Buffer Tank 2,500L Concentration M Initial Buffer Tank Volume 10,000L Final Buffer Tank Volume 12,500L Final conc M Final Buffer Tank ph 12.7 Acid required to neutralize to a ph 10, 23.8L Acid required to neutralize to a ph 7, 34.4L Scenario 2 1,600L of Phosphoric 0.27M into 3,400L Sump Water 2,500L of Sump Water into 10,000L Buffer Tank 50% v/v Alkali to neutralize in buffer tank Waste Stream Phosphoric Acid Volume 1,600L Concentration 0.27 M Initial Sump Volume 3,400L Final Sump Volume 5,000L Final conc M Final Sump ph 1.66 Pump to Buffer Tank 2,500L Concentration M Initial Buffer Tank Volume 10,000L Final Buffer Tank Volume 12,500L Final conc M Final Buffer Tank ph 2.1 Alkali required to neutralize to ph 5, 8.16L Alkali required to neutralize to ph 7, 11.25L 3.4 Conclusions 1) The sump pumps are sized for 800 L/min. each. This means it will take ~3min to transfer the 2,500L to the buffer tank. BFC Technologies Inc Page 8 of 12

80 Neutralization Project Plan Project: Process Waste Neutralization Revision: A Document #: 2938-PP-001 Date: 29-Nov ) The ph will begin to change as soon as the waste enters the buffer tank prompting a response from the system, because the volumes of chemical required to neutralize the waste streams are small it is suggested that the chemical dosing pumps use lower flow rates to avoid overshoot. 3) The system is designed to be able to send 400 L/min to the sewer. This means that it will only take ~6 min to dispose of the waste once it has been neutralized. By maintaining the 20,000L tank at 50% (10,000 L) there is sufficient freeboard to accommodate any upset conditions that might occur within the plant. In addition, the 10,000L sump provides additional time for waste streams to neutralize themselves before entering the buffer tank 3.5 Limitations The assumption that the sump maintains a relatively neutral ph over time provides the basis for design. However, a safety factor should be applied to the volume of neutralizing chemical required. This safety factor will account for the possibility that the standing sump volume is acidic or alkali 4 Process Waste Sources The waste sources in the facility are divided between process waste and sanitary, the sanitary waste is collected and goes straight to the city sewer. This plan deals with the process waste. Generally the waste comes from floor drains and hub drains located throughout the facility (see the drain layout enclosed below), specifically the waste comes from; Item Area / Equipment Type of waste produced 1 Milk receiving Truck rinsing, floor drain 2 Raw CIP system All raw (pre-pasteurized) equipment is automatically washed using this equipment. The chemicals are reused and so the majority of the waste is water from rinses, some with chemicals mixed in. The chemical tanks are drained and replaced on a periodic basis. 3 HTST s (Pasteurizers) The pasteurizers process the milk going into cheese making and will be rinsed with water from time to time which will contain some milk. At least once per day the HTST s (2) will be cleaned, and the chemicals are sent to drain, they are not recovered. 4 Past CIP System (2) All pasteurized equipment is automatically washed BFC Technologies Inc Page 9 of 12

81 Neutralization Project Plan Project: Process Waste Neutralization Revision: A Document #: 2938-PP-001 Date: 29-Nov-2014 using this equipment.. The chemicals are re-used and so the majority of the waste is water from rinses, some with chemicals mixed in. The chemical tanks are drained and replaced on a periodic basis. 5 Cheese process area This area contains the main cheese vats, which are cleaned using the CIP systems. The majority of the waste is from washing the exterior of the equipment and floors, and from sanitizing the equipment. 6 Cheese production room This area is where the cheese curd is drained and cooled, stretched and formed. The cooling method is washing with chilled water apportion of which goes to drain with trace cheese particles. Sanitizer is used on the exterior of the equipment. 7 Brine area This is the area where the cheese curd is brined, sodium chloride is used and will partially flow to drain in the brining process. 8 Ricotta production area This area is the production area for ricotta cheese, the whey is dewatered before sending to drain. The rest of the waste is from equipment washing and sanitizing. 9 Packaging area The waste here is produced by washing and sanitizing the equipment. 10 Coolers The waste is primarily from washing the floors. 5 Sanitary Waste Streams As stated above the sanitary waste is collected separately and sent directly to the city sewer, (see the enclosed sanitary drain layout. 6 Equipment The primary equipment is listed in the table below; Tag # Description Capacity Comments T-1 Buffer Tank 20,000L Insulated P-1 Waste Recirculation 1,000 60ft.hd. Magnetic sealless drive Pump P-2 Acid Injection Pump psig Air driven diaphragm P-3 Alkali Injection Pump psig Air driven diaphragm BFC Technologies Inc Page 10 of 12

82 Neutralization Project Plan Project: Process Waste Neutralization Revision: A Document #: 2938-PP-001 Date: 29-Nov-2014 P-4 / 5 Sump pump(s) 50ft.hd. Stainless steel T-2 Alkali Day Tank 200 L Double wall plastic T-3 Acid Day Tank 200 L Doube wall plastic T-4 Sump ~10,000 L Concrete buried 7 Control System The control system is centred around an Allen Bradley Micrologix 1400 PLC with a Panelview Plus 6 HMI. Reporting will be carried out by the in-plant system e-views, the data will be transferred through the Raw CIP system control panel via Ethernet. The PLC will be housed in a NEMA4X enclosure. A separate power MCC panel will be supplied housing the starters, and associated switchgear, heat tracing distribution power. The panel will have two electrical feeds. 1. Pump motors 575v, 3ph, 60Hz 2. Heat tracing 220v, 1 ph, 60hz 8 Project Schedule The schedule is as per the gantt chart enclosed. The schedule is dependent on the following; 1. That the Owners authorization is granted in writing to accompany the building permit application by Nov That the permit is issued before Christmas That the weather allows for excavating and outside construction activities. 9 P&ID The P&ID is included in this document for review. 10 Civil Construction Details The activities covered under civil construction include the following; Build a concrete tank pad with dyke to support the Buffer Tank Excavate the area and install a 10,000L concrete sump. BFC Technologies Inc Page 11 of 12

83 Neutralization Project Plan Project: Process Waste Neutralization Revision: A Document #: 2938-PP-001 Date: 29-Nov-2014 Connect the existing waste drain line from the existing grease trap to the new sump and then from the Buffer Tank to the city sewer. Some of the permit application drawings are enclosed within this document for your review. 11 Enclosures The following documents are attached below and form part of this document; Floor drains (process drains) layout Sanitary drains layout Project schedule P&ID (2938-PID-01) Site Plan AO_1_for Permit BFC Technologies Inc Page 12 of 12

84 ID Task Name Duration Start Finish 1 Process design complete 1 day? Tue 25/11/14 Tue 25/11/14 2 Civil design complete 1 day? Tue 25/11/14 Tue 25/11/14 3 Receive owners authority 0 days Fri 28/11/14 Fri 28/11/14 4 Submit permit application 0 days Mon 01/12/14 Mon 01/12/ Permit approved 20 days Mon 01/12/14 Fri 26/12/14 7 Civil project start 25 days? Mon 29/12/14 Fri 30/01/15 8 Excavation 6 days Mon 29/12/14 Mon 05/01/15 9 Receive sump 0 days Mon 05/01/15 Mon 05/01/15 10 Frame tank pad 2 days Tue 06/01/15 Wed 07/01/15 11 Install reinforcing steel 2 days Thu 08/01/15 Fri 09/01/15 12 Pour pad 1 day? Mon 12/01/15 Mon 12/01/15 13 Underground piping 4 days? Wed 14/01/15 Mon 19/01/15 14 Back fill 2 days Fri 23/01/15 Mon 26/01/15 15 Asphalt / lines 4 days Tue 27/01/15 Fri 30/01/ Mechanical 7 days Mon 12/01/15 Tue 20/01/15 18 Receive Sump pumps 0 days Mon 12/01/15 Mon 12/01/15 19 Install sump pumps 2 days Mon 12/01/15 Tue 13/01/15 20 Install underground wiring 5 days Wed 14/01/15 Tue 20/01/15 21 Install sump pump piping 4 days Wed 14/01/15 Mon 19/01/ Build chemical module 12 days? Thu 18/12/14 Fri 02/01/15 24 Receive components 0 days Thu 18/12/14 Thu 18/12/14 25 Build module at BFC 5 days Thu 18/12/14 Wed 24/12/14 26 Deliver to site 1 day? Fri 02/01/15 Fri 02/01/ Control system 5 days? Mon 05/01/15 Fri 09/01/15 29 Deliver panel 0 days Mon 05/01/15 Mon 05/01/15 30 Install on site 1 day? Mon 05/01/15 Mon 05/01/15 31 Programming 5 days Mon 05/01/15 Fri 09/01/15 32 December January February Marc 16/1123/1130/1107/1214/1221/1228/1204/0111/0118/0125/0101/0208/0215/0222/0201/03 28/11 01/12 18/12 05/01 05/01 12/01 Project: Neutralization Project Schedu Date: Wed 26/11/14 Task Split Progress Milestone Summary Project Summary External Tasks External Milestone Deadline Page 1

85 ID Task Name Duration Start Finish 33 Buffer tank 38 days Mon 01/12/14 Wed 21/01/15 34 Receive tank from Montreal 0 days Mon 01/12/14 Mon 01/12/14 35 Modifications at BFC 16 days Mon 01/12/14 Mon 22/12/14 36 Install on pad 2 days Tue 20/01/15 Wed 21/01/ Site work 27 days? Wed 21/01/15 Thu 26/02/15 39 Above ground piping 9 days Thu 22/01/15 Tue 03/02/15 40 Site electrical 10 days Wed 21/01/15 Tue 03/02/15 41 Complete insulation 5 days Wed 04/02/15 Tue 10/02/15 42 Commissioning 5 days Wed 11/02/15 Tue 17/02/15 43 Go on-line 1 day? Wed 18/02/15 Wed 18/02/15 44 Final testing 5 days Thu 19/02/15 Wed 25/02/15 45 Complete reporting 1 day? Thu 26/02/15 Thu 26/02/15 December January February Marc 16/1123/1130/1107/1214/1221/1228/1204/0111/0118/0125/0101/0208/0215/0222/0201/03 01/12 Project: Neutralization Project Schedu Date: Wed 26/11/14 Task Split Progress Milestone Summary Project Summary External Tasks External Milestone Deadline Page 2

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