Green hydrogen: relevant related EU legislation and policies

Transcription

1 Green hydrogen: relevant related EU legislation and policies Project co-finance by the FCH JU under FP7: ECN (Energy research Centre of the Netherlands) Jaap Jansen and Marc Londo April 23 rd, 2015

2 Content EU legislation Energy quality issues RES guarantees of origin and disclosure Conclusions on H 2 GoO tracking systems CertifHy Public Launch Conference 2

3 EU policy context of H 2 GoO introduction CertifHy to propose a well-designed EU-wide (green) H 2 GoO tracking system following in-depth stakeholder consultations Such a system would have to fit well with prevailing EU policies This presentation presents some key features of the EU regulatory and policy context CertifHy Public Launch Conference 3

4 Treaty on the Functioning of the EU The Commission to develop initiatives towards EU-wide coordination of energy policy to ensure functioning of the internal energy market, security of supply, energy savings, RES development, interconnectivity (Article 194 (1)) MS responsible for developing their energy resources, energy mix, and energy supply structure (Art. 194(2)) For environmental reasons Council can take decisions to pass on to the Commission (part of) this responsibility but only based on unanimity (Art. 192(2)9c) Green hydrogen issues may relate to market functioning but also to energy supply structure CertifHy Public Launch Conference 4

5 RES Directive (RED; 2009/28/EC) Establishes a framework for use of RES energy to limit GHG and to promote cleaner transport Defines renewable sources of energy (RES) Sets 2020 targets for RES share in (i) total GFEC and (ii) FEC in transport A certain quantity of hydrogen from RES to be considered only once for target accounting Biofuels and bioliquids (in heating and electricity sectors) to be sustainable Sustainability relates to biodiversity, land use change and the % of GHG savings As per 2018 at least 60% GHG savings in biofuels/liquids installations commissioned after CertifHy Public Launch Conference 5

6 Fuel Quality Directive (FQD;2009/30/EC) Set common fuel quality rules: to reduce GHG emissions to reduce air pollutant emissions to establish a single automotive fuel market GHG intensity of automotive fuels to be reduced by 6% by 2020 GHG emissions calculated on a life-cycle basis from a year 2010 baseline, consistent with the RED Commission proposal to set a cap of 5% on first-generation (foodbased) biofuels (would also apply to RED) Compromise imminent that 7% the amount of conventional biofuels that can be counted towards the 10% target for renewable energy in transport (also to apply for RED) CertifHy Public Launch Conference 6

7 Relevant energy quality issues The RED defines biofuels as liquid or gaseous fuel for transport produced from biomass Hence if used for transport both biohydrogen and biogas (methane) have to comply with the RED sustainability criteria GHG standards for the production of biofuels might consequently be extended to green hydrogen Also the mutually consistent prescriptions for GHG impact calculations in the RED and FQD might be applied to green H 2 FQD: monitoring of fuel quality required including pollutant emissions to comply with set standards RED: due attention to be paid to energy efficiency considerations CertifHy Public Launch Conference 7

8 RES guarantees of origin and energy disclosure (1) In principle RES GoO could be used for multiple purposes, notably disclosure, support administration and target accounting Yet the final version of Directive 2009/28/EC stipulates: RES GoOs have the sole function of proving to the final customer that a given share or quantity of energy (electricity, heating or cooling) was produced from renewable sources MS responsible to put in place reliable electronic tracking systems for RES GoOs Maximum life time of RES GoO: one year from date of issuance onward (So far) no obligation to issue and track RES GoOs for every unit (MWh) of renewable electricity, heating or cooling Suppliers selling green (renewable) energy are mandated to cancel corresponding amounts of RES GoO CertifHy Public Launch Conference 8

9 RES guarantees of origin and energy disclosure (2) In principle MS have to recognise RES GoOs originating from another MS RES GoO have to endorse at least the following attributes: Energy source + start and end dates of production Kind of energy: electricity or energy for heating/cooling Identity, location, type and capacity of energy production installation MS to ensure that electricity suppliers specify in or with the bill and in promotional materials, made available to final customers among others: Contribution of each energy source to the supplier s (national) overall fuel mix over the preceding year At least the reference to existing reference sources e.g. web pages with information on environmental impacts (at least: CO 2 emissions, nuclear waste) CertifHy Public Launch Conference 9

10 Final statements for discussion Avoid double counting claiming a given quantity of hydrogen used, for a certain purpose, was made from renewable sources would have to require: Cancellation of the RES GoOs corresponding to the underlying quantity of renewable sources that were needed to produce the claimed quantity of renewable hydrogen Cancellation of the renewable H 2 GoOs corresponding to the claimed quantity of renewable hydrogen For claiming a certain low carbon footprint for a given quantity of hydrogen, the same applies. Claiming both a renewable and a certain carbon footprint feature should be proven by the same cancelled GoO. Define the purpose(s) H 2 GoOs should be able to endorse in an anticipatory, broad fashion. Purposes to be endorseable by appropriate H 2 GoO attributes For the transparency of the consumer s choice and reliability of disclosure information it merits consideration to introduce mandatory comprehensive issuance and tracking of H 2 GoOs for every unit of hydrogen produced CertifHy Public Launch Conference Brussels,

11 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! more info: CertifHy Public Launch Conference 11