Hitachi Zosen Inova. 13 th Symposium on Waste Management- 2014, Zagreb

Transcription

1 Hitachi Zosen Inova Dr. Michael Keunecke Waste is our energy: Energy recovery from MSW and RDF with a well proven technology 13 th Symposium on Waste Management- 2014, Zagreb

2 2020: Mt It s a fact! MtCO 2 -e Emissions from landfills Source: Monni at al : 640 Mt Worldwide MSW volume Source: World Bank Report What a Waste, : 400 Mt 2025: 2.2 billion tonnes 2010: 1.3 billion tonnes

3 MSW- Management in Croatia t/y of MSW (2010) Separate collected waste 38% bulky waste, 20% organic waste, 8% paper is mostly landfilled No landfill ban, no landfill tax 4% of the waste is recycled with the target to achieve 10% in % of MSW is landfilled with the target to achieve 35% in 2020 Waste management centers are planed with EU funding One project for EfW in Zagreb foreseen

4 MBT versus. EFW Mass balance combustion Air Waste 1000 kg ( PCI: 10MJ/kg ) Thermal treatment + val. of energy Dust (to landfill) kg Slag (reusable) kg Water + CO kg Steam: 3000 kg Power / District heating or cooling Waste 1000 kg ( PCI: 10MJ/kg ) Mechanical biological treatment Fraction to landfill kg Inert materials (metalls/stones) kg Water + CO kg RDF to Thermal treatment.: 300 kg

5 MBT versus. EFW Required space tons/year MBT Plant EFW Plant 1x 1x 4-5 x 4 5 x

6 MBT versus. EFW tons/year EFW Zorbau : 85.- /to Tendancy: MBT Plant Cröbern /to Tendancy: to/year from MBT to EFW plant

7 MBT versus. EFW tons/year Waste 1000 kg ( PCI: 10MJ/kg ) Waste 1000 kg ( PCI: 10MJ/kg ) EFW Plant MBT Plant Electricity production: kw / to treated waste Internal demand*: kw / to *depending FGT plant No electricity production Autonomous if cogeneration plant is part of the MBT plant ** Otherwise: Demand from kw / to

8 Energy from Waste Sustainable Energy Protect Habitat for Human Development Protect Humans Destruction or concentration of hazardous compounds and germs Protect Land No need for additional landfills Protect Water No leakage from landfills No effluents from EfWplant Protect Air Regulations for EfW are more stringent than for coal fired power plants Negligible source of dioxin immissions compared to total immissions Fight Deforestation Waste is a domestic fuel available in all industrialized areas (unlike biomass)

9 Case 1 gasification + conventional combustion (HITZ) combustion and ash melting at 1400 C Shredder HRSG for steam turbine (400 C, 40 bar) MSW BFB gasifier (600 C) Source: HITZ, Hitachi Zosen Noncombustible Fe Al vitrified slag Disposal fly ash conventional flue gas treatment 9 reference plants, e.g. 2 x 8 MW th in Kimotsuki, Japan (in operation since 2008) 9

10 Case 2 SRF gasification + partial syngas cleaning (Valmet) MSW 100% Operating resources SRF Storage Hot syngas η CFB 80% CGE = Gasifier η boiler = (900 C) Gas cooling 80%? 80% 15% Hot flue gas Boiler + steam turbine Steam Power (121 bar, η540 C) ST = 29.7% 29.7% 33% internal power consumption= 2.2% Source: Ceramic filter for syngas cleaning (400 C) Conventional flue gas treatment Reference plant: 2 x 80 MW th in Lathi, Finland (in operation since 2012) 10

11 Case 3 plasma gasification + gas turbine (Alter NRG + Air Products) updraft gasifier (1600 C) syngas cooling and clean-up ASU syngas compression + combustion in gas turbine Source: Reference plant: ~140 MW th in Tees Valley, UK (under construction) 11

12 Gasification vs combustion - summary Efficiency (MSW to electricity) Material recovery Residues to dispose Emissions Operating resource consumption Conventional WtE Gasification + conv. Boiler SRF Gasification + adv. Boiler Plasma gasification + Gas turbine 25-30% 15-25% 27% 28% Fe, Non-Fe, PM, REE Fe, Non-Fe, vitrified slag Fe, Non-Fe, Plastics, Metal compound, vitrified slag 25 w% 6 w%* 25 w% 4 w%* Within regulations Gas treatment Within regulations Gas treatment + Limestone Within regulations Gas treatment Within regulations Gas treatment, + Coke and Limestone Availability > 90% 80%?? * assumes that vitrified slag finds further usage 12

13 Reliable Grate Combustion Systems for Energy from Waste Types of Waste Municipal solid waste (non or pre-treated) and comparable industrial wastes Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) Co-combustion (< 10%) of sewage sludge, hospital waste, shredded tires Range of Capacity Throughput Net calorific value Thermal capacity 5-44 t/h 6-18 MJ/kg MW/line Taylor-made Systems Air and water-cooled grate furnaces 2 5 pass energy recovery boilers HZI Company Presentation 13

14 Dry Scrubbing Types Xerosorp Xerosorp+ Main Features Dry flue gas treatment process for the removal of acidic gaseous contaminants by absorption with sodium bicarbonate. DeDiox with activated carbon Gas/Solid separation in fabric filter Combination of the above process with low temperature DeNOx: Xerosorp+ Reactor/Filter SCR Catalyst Heat exchanger Capacity Flue gas volume up to 250,000 m³/h HZI Company Presentation 14

15 Electric Power Main Features Only electricity production without heat utilization Efficiency Up to 27% HZI Company Presentation 15

16 Combined Heat and Power Main Process Combined heat and power with high heat demand and heat export throughout all or most of the year Efficiency Up to 84% Main Process Combined heat and power with moderate heat demand part time or throughout the whole year Efficiency Up to 62% HZI Company Presentation 16

17 Combined Cold and Power Main Process Combined cold and power with moderate heat demand part time or throughout the whole year Efficiency Up to 50% HZI Company Presentation 17

18 Beyond Energy from Waste PREVENTION Not only Energy-from-Waste PREPARE FOR RE-USE but also Material-from-Waste! PfW SfW Energy Recovery Power Steam Heating Cooling RECYCLING OTHER RECOVERY DISPOSAL MetalRecovery Precious metal Ferrous Aluminium MfW HfW CfW 18

19 Waste is our Energy. Engineering is our Business. Sustainable Solutions are our Mission. Thank you for your attention 19