Applicable Standards in China Wind Energy Industry by TÜVRheinland. WU, Qiang (John) Barcelona, Spain (AEE) May 2010

Transcription

1 Applicable Standards in China Wind Energy Industry by TÜVRheinland WU, Qiang (John) Barcelona, Spain (AEE) May 2010

2 Wind Energy Value-chain Panorama <3>Wind Turbine Manufacturers play crucial role: downstream to ensure the operation efficiency of turbine and smooth power input to grid; upstream to drag technically complete supply chain. <5> Material <4> Component <3> Wind Turbine <2> Wind Farm <1> Grid Company Supply Chain (Value Chain) <0> Consumer

3 TSO (Transmission System Operator) in China Though <3>Wind Turbine Manufacturers play crucial role, the requirements come from downstream <1> Grid Company. Experiencing years of reform in China, so far there are 2 TSOs with company legal entity, which however used to be subordinates of administrative ministry. <1> Grid Company - Power supply for 82.2% population - Cover 88% of China territory China Southern Power Grid - Power supply for 17.8% population - 1 million km 2 Area only <0> Consumer

4 National Norm for WF Grid Integration in Revision Since most of wind farms are located in State Grid area, GB/Z 19963:2005 Technical rule for connecting wind farm to power network is compiled with its influence, which is in revision and expected to be implemented in 2010 upgrading to GB/T. (GB = Guo Biao: meaning National Norm; Z = Guideline / T = Recommendation) Recap of this Norm: 1) Max. active power variation is regulated; 2) Reactive power is required as well as relevant requests therein; 3) WF Voltage range and LVRT required; 4) WF Frequency variation range in operation and for short term; 5) Power quality requests for voltage fluctuation, flicker and harmonics. 6) Testing report for grid integration

5 WF Mostly Invested by Big 5 in Remote Area Power generation has been commercialized for years in China, at present over 50% electricity is generated by State Corporations with conventional fossil fuel e.g. coal, as well as for wind. Wind resource is analyzed based on climatic data, Wind Farms are mainly in remote area. <2> Wind Farm <1> Grid Company China Big 5 invested WF capacity accounts for ca. 50%. WF is relatively clustered in remote area of China, where wind resource is believed strong. Unclear is micrositing done or not. <0> Consumer

6 State-of-the-art Wind Measure & WF Planning Needed Concurrently there are no revised national standards for wind resource analysis and wind farm planning. The existing standards in GB/T was back to 2002; Co-existing are some standards in ministry level, latest ones were in (DL = Dian Li : meaning Electricity Ministry, which not exists any more after reform) Resource Measure & Wind-farm Plan Regarding China as big market for wind energy and CDM, technical companies in developed countries are seeking chances incl. with software like WAsP, WindSim, Windfarmer, Windpro etc. Micro-siting Mast height Measure >1y Local grid Wind shear Done? Chinese government organizes revision for relevant standards, meanwhile sets up national program 863 to promote scientific R&D involving top universities in China like Tsinghua. GB/T Methodology of wind energy resource measurement for wind farm GB/T Methodology of wind energy resource assessment f or wind farm DL/T Code on compiling feasibility study report of wind power projects DL/T Code of construction acceptance on wind power plant project DL/T Technical specification of wind power plant design DL/T Specification for construction management and design of wind power project

7 Lesson Learnt MW Installed vs. Grid Integration In China, policy weighs!!! Looking back insufficient coordination among different governmental sectors since 2005 makes actual grid-ding severely hampered so far. One of these overlooks: Grid Integration rule comes into force late. Grid Code? Due to severely unbalance between WF and intake capability of local grid, this bottle-neck is de facto hindering sustainable and healthy development of wind industry.

8 Wind Turbine Manufacturer? Assembler? In 5 continuous great leap from , both market demand and capital operation created a superficial prosperous in WF MW installation. Besides mentioned grid integration issue, <3> wind turbine manufacturers are somehow assembler with purchased technology-transfer. <3> Wind Turbine <2> Wind Farm <1> Grid Company Role of <3>Wind Turbine Manufacturers: downstream to ensure the operation efficiency of turbine and smooth power input to grid; upstream to drag technically complete supply chain Improving! Almost behind each big Chinese WTG mfg er, there stand 1 or more technologytransfer company from Europe: Sinovel Fuhrlaender, Windtec Goldwind Jacobs, Vensys Dong Fang Repower, GH Ming Yang Aerodyn UP Aerodyn via. Ming Yang Windey with support from GH Technology developed Chinese R&D program 863 by SUT has been transferred many times to assemblers. In pursue of pure MW installation promoted by central & local government, there suddenly appear >80 WTG maker in 5 years! <0> Consumer

9 National Standards Updating & Harmonization Needed Updating and Harmonization of standards for Wind Industry is undergoing, while existing standards are 1) outdated; 2) scattered in different industry sectors; 3) lack of authority. (GB = Guo Biao: meaning National Norm; JB = Jixie Biaozhun: meaning machinery industry standard; DL = Dian Li : meaning Electricity Ministry, which not exists any more after reform) SAC TC50 is corresponding to IEC61400 TC 88 Construction relevant codes, rules and standards Except for rotor blade (aerodynamic + composite material industry), not only GB, for machinery, also JB; for WF, electricity sys., also DL; for WF project infrastructure, foundation designing etc, CPECC/Hydrochina Corp takes role GB Wind turbine generator systems - Safety requirements (IEC :1999 identical) GB/T Wind turbine generator systems - Power performance test (IEC :1998 identical) GB/T Measurement and assessment of power quality characteristics of wind turbine generator system (IEC :2001 identical)

10 More Standards, More in Developing GB/T The controller of wind turbines generating system - Technical condition GB/T The controller of wind turbines generating system - Test method GB/T Asynchronous generator of wind turbines generating system Part 1: Technical condition GB/T Asynchronous generator of wind turbines generating system Part 2: Test method GB/T The tower of wind turbines generating system GB/T The gearbox of wind turbines generating system GB/T Assembling and installation regulation for wind turbine generator systems GB/T Wind turbine generator system-part 1:General technical specification GB/T Wind turbine generator system-part 2:General test method GB/T Code for acceptance of wind turbine generator system GB/T Doubly fed variable speed constant frequency wind turbine GB/T Wind turbine - double-fed asynchronous generator - part 1: technical specification GB/T Wind turbine - double-fed asynchronous generator - part 2: testing method JB/T Rotor blades of wind turbine (actual authors come from rotor blade mfg ers) JB/T Wind turbine generation system - design requirement JB/T Yaw system of wind turbine generator systems Part l: Technology condition JB/T Yaw system of wind turbine generator systems Part 2:Test method JB/T Braking system of wind turbine generator systems Part l: Technology condition JB/T Braking system of wind turbine generator systems Part 2:Test method JB/T General hydraulic system of wind turbine generator systems JB/T Rolling bearings - wind power generator bearings DL/T Code on operation of wind power plant DL Code on safety of wind farm DL/T Code on maintenance of wind farm

11 Lesson Learnt Overheat by Capital Operation In this 5-year great leap, everything was purchased (or invested) with aim to quick return, therefore: 1) technology was bought, 2) supply chain was in inflation due to large amount of capital rush-in.for healthy and sustainable development, Chinese wind industry is in re-engineering. <5> Material <4> Component <3> Wind Turbine <2> Wind Farm <1> Grid Company Unfortunately healthy and sustainable close-loop mechanism has not been set up. Supply Chain (Value Chain) Cash flow from grid company into value chain is estimated very limited, based on present WF grid integration Volume. Government subsidy Venture Capital Funds IPO etc. <0> Consumer

12 Commercialized Component / Material Production As to the present surplus supply in China, it is estimated that besides industrial re-engineering in for domestic market, some wind turbine mfg ers, but component/material suppliers in particular, are seeking market outside China. <5> Material <4> Component <3> Wind Turbine <2> Wind Farm <1> Grid Company The upstream sectors of wind industry in China have been much more commercialized than downstream ones. These suppliers are gradually upgrading their production level with criteria required by their clients from developed countries, since global technical leading company, Vestas, GE wind, Gamesa etc. have set up production facilities and started out-sourcing from China. With initiative to prepare for entering international market for long run, these suppliers implement directly EN, IEC etc. standards in production, process and testing, even there are relevant GB standards available. <0> Consumer

13 Aiming - International Standards With aim to keep level with international standards, IEC61400 series is recognized. IEC (all parts), Wind turbines IEC :2010, Wind turbines Part 1: Design requirements* IEC :2006, Wind turbines Part 2: Design requirements for small wind turbines IEC :2009, Wind turbines Part 3: Design requirements for offshore wind turbines IEC :2011, Wind turbines Part 4: Design and specification of gearboxes** IEC :2012, Wind turbines Part 5: Rotor blades*** IEC :2002, Wind turbine generator systems Part 11: Acoustic noise measurement techniques IEC :2005, Wind turbines Part 12-1: Power performance measurements of electricity producing wind turbines IEC/TS :2001, Wind turbine generator systems Part 13: Measurement of mechanical loads IEC/TS :2005, Wind turbine generator systems Part 14: Declaration of apparent sound power level and tonality values IEC :2008, Wind turbines Part 21: Measurement and assessment of power quality characteristics of grid connected wind turbines IEC/TS :2001, Wind turbine generator systems Part 23: Full-scale structural testing of rotor blades IEC/TR :2002, Wind turbines Part 24: Lightning protection IEC :2006/ , Wind turbines Part 25: Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants IEC :2010, Wind turbines Part 26: Availability for wind turbines and wind turbine plants**** IEC :2012, Wind turbines Part 27: Electrical simulation models for wind power generation ***** * Present version is published in 2005, revision is to be published in **Revision from ISO :2005, Wind turbines Part 4: Design and specification of gearboxes, plan to be published in ***IEC is the rule for full scale test of rotor blade, -5 is in work proposal phase, plan to be published in **** plan to be published in ***** plan to be published in 2012.

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16 Thanks for your attention!