DETERMINATION OF VARIOUS SOIL PARAMETERS AFFECTING THE INFILTRATION RATE

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1 DETERMINATION OF VARIOUS SOIL PARAMETERS AFFECTING THE INFILTRATION RATE Tejas v. chaudhari 1, R.B.khasiya 2 P.G. Scholar, Civil Engg Dept.,Dr. S&SS Ghandhy GEC,Surat,Gujarat,India 1 Professor, Civil Engg Dept.,Dr. S&SS Ghandhy GEC,Surat,Gujarat,India 2 Abstract: The present paper discuss the outcome of the detailed study to check the parameter affecting infiltration for river basin area. Parameters such as liquid limit, Plastic limit, plastic index, soil particle size have been computed for evaluating the infiltration rate of soil is varied with variation with particular soil parameter. Graphical comparisons are done to demonstrate the dependability of soil parameter to the infiltration rate of that soil. Evaluate the soil parameter is affecting infiltration rate of that soil or not and affect than how much for Tapti River basin area in the present study. Comparison between the infiltration rate by infiltrometer and double ring infiltrometer. And calculate infiltration by Horton equation Best result in infiltration rate of various soil in Tapi river basin. The tests for infiltration generally performed on site and soil parameter find in lab test. Keywords: infiltration rate, Tapi River basin, graphical comparison of soil parameter INTRODUCTION When precipitation hits the ground, it has two choices betting on wherever it's in its story line. It may infiltrate the soil or continue across the land as runoff. Infiltration occurs once surface water enters the soil., infiltration rate is measure of rate at that soil is absorb rain fall water or irrigation water.it is measured in each per hour or metric linear unit per hour.in the percent study the infiltration rate is full of the soil parameter or not is that the aim of study. Porosity is concerning size, shape and capital of Red China of soil partial. As the size of soil particle is a smaller amount it's call less porous. Permeability is describe the rate of infiltration of water to the bottom. Instrument used for infiltration rate Tension Infiltrometer, Ponded infiltrometer, Single ring infiltrometer, Double ring infiltrometer. Early studies by Muntz (198) were followed by evaluation studies by several investigators, among which were Kohnke (1938), Free, Browning, and Musgrave (194), Nelson and Muckenhirn (1941), and Klute (1952). The most recent general research on the topic of infiltration FIELD methodology FOR activity OF INFILTRATION F-5 is that the study by

2 Robinson and Rohwer (1957), under field conditions, and by Aronovici (1955), under laboratory conditions. Jagdale Satyawan Dagadu [1] The constant infiltration rates of completely different soils below different soil conditions were calculated at Sangola, district solapur of Maharashtra region. Experimentation work was carried out on black cotton, clay, and sandy soil. The study aimed to determine constant infiltration rates of these soils below completely different soil conditions and comparison it with the infiltration rates obtained by Kostiakov, Modified Kostiakov, Horton s and Green-Ampt infiltration models. C. ERIC PHILIPS This paper presents a comparison of in-situ infiltration testing and correlations of hydraulic physical phenomenon at 3 sites in southern California. Data includes short infiltration rates determined by the pilot infiltration check (PIT) (Washington State Department of Ecology, 25). The double-ring infiltrometer test (ASTM D ); borehole tests (County of San Bernardino, 1992, and California check 75, 1986); and hydraulic conductivity calculable indirectly from correlations with grain-size distribution and cone penetrometer check information. K. A. Barbarick One of the most important challenges in teaching introductory soil science is explaining the dynamics of soil infiltration. G. VAN DE GENACHTE Infiltration information were collected on 2 rectangular grids with twenty five sampling points every. Both experimental grids were placed in tropical rain forest (Guyana), the fmt in an exceedinglyn Arenosol area and the second in a Ferralsol field. DATA COLLECTION Following data square measure to be collected for determination of actual infiltration rate at numerous places of Tapi basin geographic area geographical region geographic region} area victimisation completely different strategies to gather data concerning soil of Tapi stream basin, To collect map of Tapi geographic area, To collect geological data of Tapi geographic area,to collect soil samples at various spot of Tapi geographic area. Fig 1 Tapi stream basin

3 Fig.2 Map of web site location METHODOLOGY steps carried out for the determination of assorted soil parameter affecting infiltration rate. Step 1: To select appropriate spot of the study space to hide hole space of the Surat district. Step 2: Go to the sector and do field work, such as the find the spot purpose. Soil Physical Observations and Estimations of type of soil condition, if the condition is not fulfill requirement than opt for nearest spot that full fill the study purpose. Step 3: To collect samples using core cutter for laboratory check Step 4: To carry out field experiment using Infiltrometer and take level of water at regular measure Step 5: To take the sample in Laboratory for various tests. FILD WORK Equipment inch diameter ring at least 5 inches tall 2. Sledge hammer and block of wood 3. Cheese textile or a piece of terry cloth 4. Clamp 5. Marking tape and marker 6. Stop watch or timer 7. Mariotte reservoir a) 2 L clear bottle with spigot

4 (Any size reservoir can be used) b) Amoozemeter FIG 3 Sample Collected EXPERIMENTAL DATA USED FOR GRAPHICAL COMPARISON sr. no spot Liquid Plastic Plastic Limit (%) Limit (%) Index (%) Large partical > Gravel > 1 mm 4.75 sand 4.75 mm to.75 mm silt <.75 clay <.2 mm soil classifica Specific tion gravity Volumetr ic free Swell Index(%) 1 MOTA CI TADKESHWAR CI PADA, ZAMKHVAV CI BHATKHAI, MANDVI CH SATKUI, BORDA CI Table 1. soil teset data

5 Depth of water Depth of water time Single ring Double ring Time Pada village Zamkhvav Satkui near borda Infiltration data Bhatkhai near mandvi infiltration data chikda near umarpada infiltration data Andharvadi near unai Infilration data Bhardipada near dang infiltration data

6 Plastic Limit (%) Plastic Limit (%) Liquid Limit (%) Plastic Index (%) Gravel > 4.75 Plastic Index (%) Gravel > sand 4.75 mm to.75 mm sand 4.75 mm to.75 mm clay <.2 mm clay <.2 mm silt <.75 silt <

7 From the present study following points can be summarized as an outcome of the study. The infiltration rate measured by double ring infiltrometer is more accurate than infiltrometer. It can be concluded that, Rate of infiltration in the Double ring infiltrometer is much faster than Single ring infiltrometer. Horton s equation predicts almost similar results for both Single ring infiltrometer and double ring infiltrometer. From the graph, it can be clearly observed that, the results obtained by both rational method as well as the infiltration curve method are almost having the similar results. From graphical comparison find the variation in infiltration rate with soil parameter REFERENCES [1] Jagdale Satyawan Dagadu 1, Infiltration Studies Of Different Soils Under Different Soil Conditions And Comparison Of Infiltration Models With Field Data [2] C. ERIC PHILIPS, A review of methods for characterization of site infiltration with design recommendations [3] K. A. Barbarick, An Infiltration Exercise for Introductory Soil Science [4] J.H. Gregory, Effect of urban soil compaction on infiltration rate [5] G. VAN DE GENACHTE, Estimating infiltration parameters from basic soil propterties [6] Veena U Joshi Estimation of infiltration rate, run-off and sediment yield under simulated rainfall experiments in upper Pravara Basin, India: Effect of slope angle and grasscover [7] J. Diamond and T. Shanley INFILTRATION RATE ASSESSMENT OF SOME MAJOR SOILS [8] C. L. Jejurkar, Infiltration studies for varying land cover conditions [9] Xiao-Yan Li 1, Laboratory methods for the estimation of infiltration rate of soil crusts in the Tabernas Desert badlands [1] Mohammad Nakhaei 1, Parameter estimation of soil hydraulic and thermal property functions for unsaturated porous media using the HYDRUS-2D code [11] Tapibasin Watershed delineation [12] WRIS for map [13] For climate condition