Incentivising Sustainability Through Performance Awards

Transcription

1 Government of Punjab Pakistan Sustainable Rural Water Supplies Incentivising Sustainability Through Performance Awards Housing Urban Development & Public Health Engineering Department

2 Sequence of Presentation Preamble Water Quality Area Breakup Situation Analysis Meeting MDG for Water Supply Coverage Water Supply Coverage Vision

3 Sequence of Presentation Rural Water Supply Schemes Issues Water Sector Water Sector Investment Dysfunctional Rural Water Supply Schemes Diagnosis Failure Community Based Demand Driven Approach

4 Sequence of Presentation Areas of Development in Community Managed Schemes Community Initiatives Assessment of Community Managed Schemes Recognizing the Performing CBOs Incentivising Sustainability Through Performance Awards Summary Conclusion

5 Clean drinking water and sanitation is a basic human right, an indispensable human necessity. Preamble

6 Preamble Punjab is the country s most populous province comprising of 56% of total population. Of the 89 million people living in the province, 31% (28 million) live in urban and 69% (61 million) in rural areas.

7 Water Quality Area Breakup Provision of sustainable water supply to such a large population in itself is a big challenge Total Area of Punjab: 205,345 Sq. K.M. SWEET ZONE 109,593 S.Km 53.40% 25,976 S.Km 12.65% BARANI BRACKISH 59,776 S.Km 29.11% HILLY AREA 10,000 S.Km 4.87% BARANI HILLY BRACKISH SWEET ZONE

8 Situation Analysis

9 Situation Analysis

10 Meeting MDG for Water Supply Coverage in Punjab Sub Sector Urban Water Supply Rural Water Supply MDGs Targets 2015 (%) Projected year of Reaching MDGs Population Coverage ( ) (%)

11 Water Supply Coverage in Rural Areas Villages Population (in million) Total Served Un- Served Total Served Un- Served 25,875 4,058 21, (38%) (62%)

12 Vision The vision of the Government of the Punjab is provision of safe drinking water of an adequate quantity at an affordable cost through equitable, efficient and sustainable services to all citizens by 2020.

13 Rural Water Supply Schemes (Background) Rural water supply schemes funded by GoPb through ADP. Planning, designing and execution by PHED. On completion O&M by PHED (cost borne by GoPb) up to After 1991 communities made exclusively responsible for O&M of new schemes. Major repairs of SAP schemes by the Government upto Presently all rural water supply schemes are being maintained by User Committees / Community Based Organizations on self-help basis.

14 Issues Water Sector (Rural Areas) Water level depletion due to excessive mining of underground water and decreasing recharge of aquifers. Wastage of sweet drinking water as a result of lack of awareness, absence of regulatory frameworks, non existence of demand management tools like consumer meters and highly inappropriate tariffs. Contamination of surface and underground water aquifers due to discharge of untreated industrial, domestic and commercial effluent.

15 Issues Water Sector (Rural Areas) Increase in arsenic levels and of other contaminants in the underground water aquifer. Our rural water sector is being operated and maintained mostly by the rural communities, without any administrative, technical, and financial support from the Government. There is a total absence of any mechanism to rehabilitate and augment rural water supply schemes after the passage of the designed life of the scheme.

16 Water Sector Investment Total No. of Completed Schemes Completion Cost (Rs. In Million) (US$ 352 Million)

17 Investment on Functional Community Managed Schemes Total No. of Schemes Managed by Communities Completion Cost (Rs. In Million) (US$ 219 Million)

18 Investment on Functional Managed by TMAs Total No. of Schemes Managed by TMAs Completion Cost (Rs. In Million) (US$ 18 Million)

19 Investment Required for Rehabilitation of Dysfunctional Schemes Total No. of Dysfunctional Schemes Rehabilitation Cost (Rs. In Million) (US$ 76 Million)

20 Overall Status of Completed Rural Water Schemes Total No. of Schemes Functional Dysfunctional Functional Schemes Maintained By CBOs TMA Total (67%) (33%) (90%) (10%)

21 Dysfunctional Rural Water Supply Schemes Survey conducted in Feb by PHED staff under supervision of DCOs. No. of non-functional schemes 1343 Major reasons for non-functional schemes Source failure (342 schemes) (25%) Major defects in machinery / rising main / distribution network (323 schemes) Non payment of WAPDA dues / Disconnection (227 schemes) Theft of major components like electric motor, transformer etc. (116 schemes) Miscellaneous like community conflict, poor service delivery & poverty related issues etc. (334 schemes) (24%) (17%) (09%) (25%)

22 Diagnoses of Failure Technical (49%) Source Failure Major defects in machinery / rising main / distribution network etc Financial (26%) Non Payment of Dues Theft of major components like electric motor, transformer etc Managerial / Social (25%) Community conflict Revenue not matching expenditure Poor Recovery Non representative CBO

23 Community Based Demand Driven Approach Empowerment of Communities through social mobilization and decision making. Inter and Intra Generational Equity - addressing the needs of present and future generation. Community involvement in identification, planning, designing and implementation is the key approach. Beneficiaries participated from the need assessment and planning through the construction stages. Eventually takes over the O&M of mechanized water supply & sanitation systems.

24 Community Based Demand Driven Approach PHED is constructing schemes with community involvement in identification, planning, designing and implementation MoU Community eventually takes over the O&M of mechanized water supply & sanitation systems

25 Areas of Development in Community Managed Schemes Area of Development Water Benefits Availability of safe drinking water helped in reducing incidences of water borne diseases

26 Areas of Development in Community Managed Schemes Area of Development Environment Benefits Improved mobility for all, particularly for women and elderly persons in wet season Improved drains and paved streets Reduction in stagnant ponds

27 Areas of Development in Community Managed Schemes Area of Development Education Benefits School enrollment increased Especially in girls children

28 Areas of Development in Community Managed Schemes Area of Development Economic Condition Benefits Saving of 3 5 hours daily on account of fetching water from distant sources Time used for income generation activities

29 Areas of Development in Community Managed Schemes Area of Development Leadership Benefits More active role in community activities, decision making and conflict resolution Hygiene education and training programs Collection of revenue from users Communities work together for construction of latrines

30 Community Initiatives Health & Hygiene Education Programs

31 Community Initiatives Collection & Disposal of Solid Waste

32 Changing Perceptions: Formalizing Rural Water Supply Billing Systems in Punjab, Pakistan. Rural communities have installed water meters for sustainable & costeffective management Community Initiatives

33 Community Initiatives Education promotion programs & Industrial homes for women

34 Street lights in the villages & Tree plantation Community Initiatives

35 Establishment of dispensaries; & Purchase of medical equipment & transport / generators Community Initiatives

36 Assessment of Community Managed Schemes Provincial Government invests in system through community based approach and CBOs creation CBOs were trained and expected to perform well in their new role to operate & maintain the system Some CBOs have difficulties to perform as expected; some other face new challenges

37 Technical: Support Required By PHED Technical Staff Community Mobilization: By PHED Community Development Staff Financial: Funding required Presently PHED Technical and Community Development staff is providing TECHNICAL and MANAGERIAL support to the Community Based Organizations (CBOs) who are operating & maintaining functional rural water supply schemes on self-help and self-financing basis

38 Recognizing the Performing CBOs Realizing the potential of the community the HUD&PHED has devised a policy principle to handover water supply scheme in rural areas to community groups, CBOs, for O&M. The Department is sticking to the principle uniformly across the Punjab and it has gained roots in community. The level of services and performance of CBOs varies from scheme to scheme and district to district. There are CBOs which are barely maintaining the schemes and delivering services but there are others who have excelled over a period of time.

39 Recognizing the Performing CBOs These CBOs have not only realigned the rising main and distribution network to minimize water losses but have extended the distribution network and have installed new pumping machinery. It is worth mentioning that these CBOs have either utilized their savings or leveraged other funds for major investment in schemes. Apart from investment in infrastructure, the CBOs have made alternate energy arrangement (in the wake of frequent power outages) in form of heavy duty diesel generators.

40 Recognizing the Performing CBOs Quite a few CBOs are using computerized billing system, running wireless and mobile phone based complaint redressal system, maintaining bank accounts and carrying out annual audit of their accounts through professional chartered accounting firms. Majority of the CBOs are collecting 100% revenue from beneficiaries through flat or volumetric (household consumer meter) tariff and meeting all operational expenses (energy bill, operational staff salaries and maintenance etc) from revenues.

41 Recognizing the Performing CBOs Government of Punjab values the services of CBOs. As token of its appreciation and to register its commitment, HUD & PHED in association with WSP- SA has organized this workshop. Commitment during the First Performance Award organized by HUD&PHE Department in association with WSP-SA, World Bank held on April 2011: o Redraft the MoU between PHED and the CBOs, consider ways and means to improve post construction relationship between PHED and the CBOs. o Strengthen the back-up support. o Continuity of Performance Award.

42 Incentivising Sustainability Through Performance Awards The CBOs have been operating with varying degrees of success over the years. Unfortunately, their services and performance have never been recognized, to encourage them to excel. Depleting water tables and frequent increases in the cost of power have impacted the management capabilities of CBOs.

43 Incentivising Sustainability Through Performance Awards Several CBOs are finding it difficult to sustain their performance. The Department felt that there was an urgent need for a mechanism to encourage CBOs to continue performing well and excel in management. On the request of Department WSP has extended technical support to PHED on various sectoral reform initiatives. And introduced a province-wide performance competition among the CBOs to infuse a positive spirit of competition and send out a clear message that the Government of Punjab values the services of the CBOs.

44 Incentivising Sustainability Through Performance Awards Selection of Performance Indicators Department and WSP carefully selected 14 indicators) which were considered representative of the CBOs performance in: o o o Effectively operating and maintaining their water supply schemes. The indicators were drawn up to reflect the CBOs management capacity and skills. Service delivery regime, and consumer satisfaction as well as financial stability

45 Incentivising Sustainability Through Performance Awards Performance Indicators & Means of Verification Indicator Means of Verification 1 Up-to-date record keeping (manual or computerized) Record registers 2 100% recovery (collection of water bills) Receipt books, record registers 3 Decision making process (inclusive or exclusive) Minutes of meetings, QARARDADS registers 4 Women s active representation/participation in committee and in decision making process Composition of CBOs, minutes of meetings, QARDARDS registers 5 Model village (water, sanitation, solid waste, education, literacy, health, etc.) CBOs venture in other areas, IEC material, records, photos 6 Zero WAPDA (Water & Power Developmnet Authority) arrears WAPDA bills of last 6 months 7 Grievance redressal system and records Complaints registers 8 Water quality Laboratory results 9 Access to information Verbal, photos of information boards, etc. 10 Lowest tariff Receipt books, record registers 11 No or minimum major repair Expenditures registers 12 24x7 water supply Verbal % metering Photos/receipt books 14 Any other initiative/innovation that demonstrate sustainability of CBOs operation (stand-by pumps, generators, one window operation, etc.)

46 Incentivising Sustainability Through Performance Awards Selection of Independent Panelists Five independent, external panellists were chosen to evaluate the performance of the 20 selected CBOs through records examination, discussions and interviews with the representatives of the CBOs. Selection of Competing CBOs Department selected 21 CBOs across the province, from amongst a total of 2,448, based on their performance in operating & maintaining their drinking water supply schemes over the years. The field staff of the Department assessed the field performance of the CBOs in their respective districts, and made recommendations for inclusion in the final list.

47 Objectives Incentivising Sustainability Through Performance Awards Acknowledgement and recognition of the CBOs work; Promotion of the sustainability of community managed schemes through performance awards; and Institutionalization of the awards competition and moving from awards to rewards

48 Main Results and Lessons Learnt The event send a very strong message to CBOs who could not attend that they have to improve their performance to get invited to such a forum and to be recognized. Keeping in view the success of the event the Department announced continuity on regular annual basis in three stages: o Stage I: Self selection of CBOs for competitions and ranking of top three CBOs in each district by PHED staff o Stage II: Ranking of top CBO of each district by a third party through field visit o Stage III: Competition among top CBOs of each district (total 35 districts) by independent panellist

49 Summary Conclusion The concept was well received by the Department & CBOs and achieved the desired objectives to charge the CBOs. The Department is in process of institutionalizing the performance awards process as a regular event with technical assistance of WSP. The CBOs have already started updating their records and improving their services in anticipation of next event.

50 Future Hopes for Safe Drinking Water THANK YOU