Overview of EPRI s Work in Renewable Energy

Transcription

1 Overview of EPRI s Work in Renewable Energy Bryan Hannegan, Ph.D. Vice President, Environment & Renewables Renewable Energy Council March 26, 2010

2 Virtual Renewable Energy Sector Reduces Cost of Generation Technology Options Integrates Variable Generation with Transmission and Distribution Optimizes Energy Storage Capability Understands and Minimizes Environmental Impacts Cuts Across all EPRI Sectors 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 2

3 EPRI MERGE Two Possible Future Mixes Renewables are > 20% by 2030 in both scenarios Limited Portfolio Full Portfolio Demand Reduction Demand Reduction Biomass Nuclear Wind Solar Biomass Hydro Wind Hydro Gas Nuclear Coal Gas Coal CCS Retrofit New Coal + CCS 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 3

4 2008: Workshops on Integration Distributed Photovoltaics Tempe, AZ June 13, Attendees Variability of Large Renewable Resources Dallas, TX June 5, Attendees 4

5 2009: Renewable Power Summits Geothermal Power Tri-State G&T December 8, 2009 Wind Power Xcel Energy April 28, 2009 Solar Power Edison International July 17, 2009 Biomass Southern Co. & Oglethorpe Power October 2, 2009 International workshop planned for

6 ACORE EPRI Renewable Energy R&D Roadmap EPRI and ACORE jointly developed a high-level roadmap for renewable power generation R&D needs. On line survey at: mwvvubqxctoqqhk2pyww_3d_3d 6

7 Expanding EPRI s Renewables Portfolio Renewables Water Power Transmission Integration Distribution Integration Renewables Water Power Transmission Integration Distribution Integration Economics and Technology Status Solar Wind Also includes energy storage; demonstration projects Geothermal Biomass Water Power

8 Renewables: The Generation Challenge Levelized Cost of Electricity, $/MWh 120 Biomass 110 Wind (32.5% Capacity Factor) All costs are in December 2007 $ IGCC NGCC ($6-8/MMBtu) PC Nuclear 50 Renewables out of the money without incentives or mandates % confidence level values based on EPRI Report Rev. October Cost of CO 2, $/Metric Ton 8

9 Program 84A: Economics & Technology Status Renewable Energy Technology Guide Status and potential of renewable technologies Industry trends Engineering and Economic Evaluations Analysis and Strategy Role of renewables in future generation portfolios Policy scenarios General interest in renewables Newsletters/perspectives Conferences/workshops Tours, industry speakers 9

10 Program 84B: Biomass Biomass Supply Management Long-term supply security Development of multiple supply chains Assessment of energy plantations Power Generation from Biomass Impact on environmental equipment Biomass plant cost database Ash utilization Torrefied wood full-scale tests Methods to increase co-firing fraction Life Cycle Analysis of Biomass-Based Power Updated biomass-to-power carbon footprint Land, water implications of biomass supply Broad deployment of biomass power plants: environmental implications 10

11 Program 84C: Solar Solar Augmented Steam Cycle Applications Analysis Analyze new applications Greenfield Integration with biomass or geothermal Solar Technology Acceleration Center (SolarTAC) Benchmark PV/CPV technologies SolarTAC demo projects Solar Thermal Storage Technology Assessment Field data for installations Identify hosts for collaborative evaluations of thermal storage performance 11

12 Program 84D: Wind Wind Power Technology Assessment Drive train, generators, blades, towers, sensors and controls Engineering and economic assessment Wind Power Asset Management Status of O&M and asset management technologies Condition Monitoring and NDE O&M procedures Wind turbine asset management guidebook Vestas V-80, 2 MW 12

13 Program 84E: Geothermal Geothermal Operations and Maintenance Plant evaluations and assessments O&M handbook Training and technology transfer Assessment of Geothermal Power Technologies Engineering and economic analysis of low- and moderatetemperature geothermal resources and technologies Identify demonstration projects for advanced geothermal or EGS 13

14 Program 58: Waterpower Conventional hydro, ocean, and hydrokinetics Waterpower resource assessment Generation Issues Technology development Optimization & maintenance Revenue opportunities Environmental Issues Advanced turbine development Greenhouse gas research Fish passage & protection Ocean & Hydrokinetic Energy Research (Supplemental) 14

15 Renewables: The Integration Challenge High Levels of Variable Wind and Solar PV Will Present an Operating Challenge! 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 15

16 Variable Generation (VG) Increases the Need for Balancing Resources Planning Margin to Meet Future Peak Load Resource Need Load Following Resources for Ramping Resources for Day Ahead (DA) Scheduling Errors Must Have Flexible System at Each Time Frame! Automatic Gen Control (AGC) Adjustments for Regulation Minutes Hours Days Years Time Horizon 16

17 Program 173: Integration of Large Scale Wind NERC IVGTF Special Report Defines Reliability Needs Transmission Development New Transmission Planning Tools and Methods to Integrate High Variable Resources Resource Adequacy New Methods to Determine Supply Capacity and Reserve Requirements Advance Operator Tools New Methods to Determine Supply Capacity and Reserve Requirements New Operator Decision-Making Tools and Improved Frequency Control Methods Flexible System Resources Technical Performance Specs for VG/DR/PHEV Other EPRI Programs ElectriNet, Storage 17

18 Program 174: Integration of Distributed Renewables High Penetration PV Impact on Circuits (Starts in March) Model development and system impact evaluation Economic Assessment Demonstration on selected feeders Distribution PV Monitoring Project (Starts in April) Understand the performance characteristics under various environmental and climatic conditions Large population of units Monitoring protocol and package Operations and Maintenance Needs (Starts in August) Assess maintenance practice Develop needs, gap analysis Identify opportunities for improvement 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 18

19 Working Collaboratively: Solar PV Example 3 Year Strategy Compile solid data on O&M, Validate and demonstrate value, Determine realistic cost, & Inform key stakeholders Federal/State/Labs U.S. DOE EIA National Labs State Demonstrations IEEE IEC NIST Standards Organizations EPRI Renewables ELT PDU Sector Council Distributed Solar ELT Program Advisory (P174) Demonstrations Coordination with DOE/Labs/ Industry Solar Industry SEPA SEIA SolarTAC PV/Inverter Manufacturers Regulatory and Informational FERC NERC NARUC 19

20 Program 94: Energy Storage Technology Watch and Strategic Intelligence Market Analysis Strategic Intelligence On-line Assessment Guide Evaluation Tools Technology Assessment & Evaluation Fuel Cells and Flow Batteries Compressed Air Cycles Li-ion Batteries Thermal Storage Systems Micro-generation Testing, Validation and Demonstration NaS Battery ZnBr Battery Large CAES Li-ion Battery Mobile Storage Systems Short-Term Long-Term 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 20

21 Environmental Aspects of Renewable Energy Interest Group Formed to: Assemble advisors to define and prioritize research needs Engage with non-utility organizations Examine and share successful strategies and approaches Launch initial, high priority supplemental projects Jumpstart the new program that will begin in Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 21

22 Industry Demonstration Projects Technology Challenges 1. Enabling energy efficiency with efficient end-use technologies and smart grids 2. Enabling variable renewables with advanced transmission and energy storage 3. Deploying advanced light water reactors 4. Deploying carbon capture and storage Demonstration Projects Energy efficiency projects Smart grids Energy storage projects Solar, geothermal, and other projects Nuclear projects PC with CCS projects Oxy-combustion projects IGCC with CCS projects Goal: Large-scale demonstrations in multiple areas needed to meet the PRISM goal for a low-carbon future 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 22

23 Advanced CAES Plant: Schematic for Second Generation Chiller Option CT Module Air Expander Air Compressor Motor Fuel Intercoolers Combustion Turbine Exhaust Recuperator 117 Compressed Air Storage Storage Energy Storage and Power Production Module 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 23

24 Solar Thermal Hybrid Demonstration Projects Natural Gas Project: NV Energy Host Site: 1102-MW Chuck Lenzie Station, north of Las Vegas, NV Solar Field Size: ~95 MW proposed Photo courtesy of Tri-State Generation and Transmission Association Coal Project: Tri-State G&T Host Site: 245-MW Escalante Station in Prewitt, NM Solar Field Size: ~36 MW proposed EPRI Role: Technical support, comprehensive testing, independent evaluation; develop and manage industry-based collaborative 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 24

25 Renewable Energy Council New advisory council to help guide EPRI s research in renewable energy Provide oversight to entire renewable energy portfolio Diverse membership (VP level or above) Fossil Ops T&D/Grid Ops Environmental Compliance Renewables Strategy Schedule Initial webcast held November 2009 First in-person meeting March Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 25

26 Renewable Energy Council Members AES Solar Energy Ameren American Electric Power Arkansas Electric Cooperative Buckeye Power CPS Energy Dayton Power & Light Duke Energy E.ON UK Electricité de France Edison Mission Energy Entergy ESKOM FirstEnergy Hawaiian Electric Iberdrola S.A. Kansas City Power & Light Minnesota Power New York Power Authority NextEra Energy Resources OG&E Electric Services Oglethorpe Power Ontario Power Generation Pacific Gas & Electric Progress Energy Public Service Co. of New Mexico Sacramento Municipal Util. District Snohomish County Public Util. Dist Southern California Edison Southern Company Sunflower Electric Power Tennessee Valley Authority TransAlta Generation Partnership Tri-State G&T Association Xcel Energy 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 26

27 Summary EPRI renewable energy activities growing rapidly Unique niche representing end-use consumer/utility Numerous projects and programs in development pipeline Cost and performance Integration and storage Environmental sustainability Opportunity for collaboration between electric industry leaders, technology vendors, national labs, trade groups Participation in EPRI research programs Partnership through demonstration projects 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 27