Welcome! Regulations Basics Session #4 Surface Water Treatment

Transcription

1 Welcome! Regulations Basics Session #4 Surface Water Treatment

2 WELCOME! This training is presented by RCAC with funding provided by the California State Revolving Fund (SRFCA) from the California State Water Resources Control Board, Division of Drinking Water (DDW)

3 Your Moderator Today Jean Tompson-Ibbeson Lockeford CA

4 The Rural Community Assistance Partnership RCAC

5 RCAC Programs Affordable housing Community facilities Water and wastewater infrastructure financing (Loan Fund) Classroom and online training On-site technical assistance Median Household Income (MHI) surveys

6 Control Tabs

7 Audio Controls

8 Attendee List Today s Materials

9 Hide/Restore Control Panel Marking Tool

10 Questions? Text your questions and comments anytime during the session

11 Performance Assessment Rating Tool (PART) 4 to 6 weeks from today w/ today s workshop in subject line 3 questions 3 minutes maximum How did you use the information that was presented today? Funders are looking for positive changes Help us continue these free workshops!

12 Where is my Workshop Brochure? If you registered for a training in the last two years no action is required If you have not registered via RCAC s website for a training in the last two years go to: and set up an account It s easy!

13 Where is my Certificate For Contact Hours? Certificates for training hours can be downloaded and self-printed Go to and set up an account It s easy! Starting in 2016 certificates for online training hours will not be mailed

14 Questions / Discussion

15 Today s Presenter Jim McVeigh CET Rural Development Specialist Drinking Water jmcviegh@rcac.org

16 Today s Presenter Jim McVeigh CET Rural Development Specialist Drinking Water jmcveigh@rcac.org

17 Regulations Basics Online Session #4 Surface Water Treatment Citations based on July 1, 2014 Blue Book

18 Regulations Basics Online Learning Objectives Provide the water system Operator with a working knowledge of the California Safe Drinking Water Act regulations Improve compliance with regulations Provide safer water in your water system

19 Session #4 Surface Water Treatment All surface water supplies are assumed to contain pathogenic microbial contaminants Treatment Operators need to be knowledgeable and technically proficient in surface water treatment operations California Safe Drinking Water Act regulations set the minimum standards for the treatment of surface water supplies

20 Pre-Test Today s Agenda Background Importance of surface water treatment standards Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) History & development of the SWTR Treatment Techniques Monitoring & Reporting Post-Test Additional Resources

21 Pre-Session Quiz

22 Importance of the SWTR Unlike groundwater, surface water is considered to be contaminated and requires treatment Inadequately treated surface water will cause waterborne disease SWTR requires surrogate sampling (turbidity, disinfection) in lieu of pathogen monitoring

23 What contaminants are commonly found in surface water? (whiteboard fill in exercise)

24 Pre-Test Today s Agenda Background Importance of surface water treatment standards Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) History & development of the SWTR Treatment Techniques Monitoring & Reporting Operations Post-Test Additional Resources

25 Surface Water Treatment Rule Regulatory Building Blocks Long-Term 1 ESWTR CA version 2008 Surface Water Treatment Rule Long-Term 2 ESWTR -- Federal 2006 Safe Drinking Water Act

26 Safe Drinking Water Act Effluent turbidity 1 NTU monthly average; 5 NTU Max. Applies to all surface water systems

27 Surface Water Treatment Rule Turbidity 0.5 NTU 95% of samples Groundwater Under Direct Influence (GWUDI) Treatment Technique 3 log Giardia, 4 log Viruses Safe Drinking Water Act Effluent turbidity 1 NTU monthly average; 5 NTU Max. Applies to all surface water systems

28 Long-Term 1 ESWTR CA version 2008 Surface Water Treatment Rule Effluent Turbidity 0.3 NTU 95% of sample Individual Filter Turbidity TT -- 2 log Crypto removal Disinfection Profile / Benchmark Turbidity 0.5 NTU 95% of samples Groundwater Under Direct Influence (GWUDI) Treatment Technique 3 log Giardia, 4 log Viruses Safe Drinking Water Act Effluent turbidity 1 NTU monthly average; 5 NTU Max. Applies to all surface water systems

29 Long-Term 2 ESWTR -- Federal 2006 Long-Term 1 ESWTR CA version 2008 Surface Water Treatment Rule Raw water Crypto monitoring TT required treatment based on RW results Microbial Toolkit Treatment Techniques Effluent Turbidity 0.3 NTU 95% of samples Individual filter turbidity monitoring TT -- 2 log Crypto removal Disinfection Profile / Benchmark Turbidity 0.5 NTU 95% of samples Groundwater Under Direct Influence (GWUDI) Treatment Technique 3 log Giardia, 4 log Viruses Safe Drinking Water Act Effluent turbidity 1 NTU monthly average; 5 NTU Max. Applies to all surface water systems

30 Review: SWTR Current CFE turbidity standard 99.99% Required Giardia removal/inactivation Individual Filter Effluent 4 log Turbidity compliance location Required Cryptosporidium removal 0.3 NTU at 95 th percentile 2 log CFE IFE (line tool exercise) 3 log

31 Review: SWTR Current CFE turbidity standard 99.99% Required Giardia removal/inactivation Individual Filter Effluent 4 log Turbidity compliance location Required Cryptosporidium removal 0.3 NTU at 95 th percentile 2 log CFE IFE (line tool exercise) 3 log

32 The SWTR is Complex!!!!

33 Pre-Test Today s Agenda Background Importance of surface water treatment standards Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) History & development of the SWTR Treatment Techniques Monitoring & Reporting Operations Post-Test Additional Resources

34 SWTR Treatment Required** 3 log (99.9%) removal and inactivation of Giardia 4 log (99.99%) removal and inactivation of viruses 2 log (99%) removal of Cryptosporidium ** These are the minimum standards. DDW can (and does) require higher levels of treatment based on raw water quality.

35 Treatment Techniques The SWTR requires the removal / inactivation of Giardia, viruses, and Cryptosporidium but does not requires the water system to test for them. How can that be???!!!

36 Treatment Techniques The SWTR requires the removal / inactivation of Giardia, viruses, and Cryptosporidium but does not requires the water system to test for them. How can that be???!!! ANSWER: Treatment Technique

37 Treatment Technique An extremely important concept in understanding and complying with the SWTR.

38 Treatment Techniques Used when analysis of contaminant is not feasible due to cost or complexity of analysis. (Analysis of Giardia, Cryptosporidium and viruses is costly, complex, time consuming, and not all that accurate.)

39 Treatment Techniques A Treatment Technique (TT) is an DDW approved treatment process, i.e, conventional treatment, direct filtration, or slow sand filtration. DDW assigns a removal credit for each contaminant and treatment process.

40 Treatment Techniques Removal Coagulation / Flocculation Sedimentation Filtration Inactivation Disinfection

41 Treatment Techniques Giardia Treament Technique Requirement Removal Credit Inactivation Required Total Removal & Inactivation Conventional Treatment Direct Filtration Slow Sand Filtration Diatomaceous Earth Filtration Alternative Technologies Determined by DDW Determined by DDW 3.0

42 Treatment Techniques Virsus Treament Technique Requirement Removal Credit Inactivation Required Total Removal & Inactivation Conventional Treatment Direct Filtration Slow Sand Filtration Diatomaceous Earth Filtration Alternative Technologies Determined by DDW Determined by DDW 4.0

43 Treatment Techniques Cryptosporidium Treament Technique Requirement Removal Credit Inactivation Required Removal ONLY Conventional Treatment Direct Filtration Slow Sand Filtration Diatomaceous Earth Filtration Alternative Technologies Determined by DDW Determined by DDW 2.0

44 Treatment Techniques Removal credit to achieve the removal credit for a given contaminant / treatment process, the treatment plant must meet the turbidity standard for the treatment process in use; i.e., 0.30 NTU at the 95 th percentile level. Disinfection credit based on the actual disinfection calculated in the treatment plant.

45 Removal Credit Turbidity Standards (at CFE) Treatment Process Conventional Filtration Turbidity Standard 95% 0.3 NTU Turbidity Maximum 1.0 NTU Slow Sand and DE 95% 1.0 NTU 5.0 NTU Alternative 95% Set by DDW Not > 1.0 NTU Set by DDW Not > 5 NTU

46 Microbial Inactivation Credit Log inactivation Specific to organism and disinfectant CT Concept Concentration x Time CT Calculation Real time or worst case day

47 Review: Treatment Technique Analytical test methods for Giardia, cryptosporidium, and viruses are fast, inexpensive and very accurate. True False

48 Review: Treatment Technique The SWTR uses proven Treatment Techniques in lieu of direct measurement of microbial pathogens. True False

49 Review: Treatment Technique The SWTR requires: 3 log removal/inactivation of Giardia 4 log removal/inactivation of viruses 2 log removal of Cryptosporidium True False

50 Review: Treatment Technique A Treatment Technique (TT) is an DDW approved treatment process, i.e, conventional treatment, direct filtration, or slow sand filtration. True False

51 Review: Treatment Technique Removal credit toward the SWTR required pathogen reduction is given when the treatment plant meets the turbidity standard for the treatment process in use; i.e., 0.30 NTU at the 95 th percentile level. True False

52 Review: Treatment Technique The amount of disinfection credit given is based on the actual disinfection calculated in the treatment plant. True False

53 Questions?

54 Pre-Test Today s Agenda Background Importance of surface water treatment standards Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) History & development of the SWTR Treatment Techniques Monitoring & Reporting Operations Post-Test Additional Resources

55 SWTR Monitoring Raw water Settled water Filtered water Disinfection monitoring

56 Raw Water Monitoring Turbidity minimum one sample /day Total Coliform/E. coli minimum one sample/month using density analysis

57 Settled Water Monitoring Conventional treatment plants only turbidity analysis, minimum one sample /day

58 Filtered Water Monitoring Finished water turbidity monitoring If the supplier uses Turbidity monitoring shall be conducted of.. And the turbidity level shall be recorded. Conventional or direct filtration treatment and serves 10,000 or more persons Each individual filter, continuously; and At least once every 15 minutes Conventional or direct filtration treatment and serves fewer than 10,000 persons Diatomaceous earth or slow sand filtration The combined filter effluent, continuously Each individual filter, continuously; and The combined filter effluent, by grab sample at least once every four hours The combined filter effluent(b), by grab sample at least once every four hours At least once every 15 minutes At least once every 15 minutes At least once every four hours At least once every four hours

59 Disinfection Monitoring Inactivation monitoring according to the treatment plant s Operations Plan Continuous monitoring** of disinfectant residual at plant POE. 0.2 mg/l residual is required ** Reduced monitoring using grab samples may be approved for system serving <3,300

60 Pre-Test Today s Agenda Background Importance of surface water treatment standards Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) History & development of the SWTR Treatment Techniques Monitoring & Reporting Operations Post-Test Additional Resources

61 Operating Criteria Must have treatment certified Operators Filtration rate limits: Gravity filters: 3 gpm/ft 2 mono media 6 gpm/ft 2 multi media Pressure filters 2 gpm/ft 2 mono media 3 gpm/ft 2 multi media DE filters 1 gpm/ft 2 or less

62 Operating Criteria IFE Triggers Performance Trigger at Any Time During the First Four Hours of Operation 2.0 NTU 1.0 NTU following at least 90 percent of the interruption events during any period of 12 consecutive months Required Follow-up Actions 1. The supplier shall take the filter unit out of service and inspect it to determine the cause of its inadequate performance; and 2. The supplier shall not return the filter unit to service until deficiencies have been corrected 1. The supplier shall take the filter unit out of service and inspect it to determine the cause of its inadequate performance; and 2. The supplier shall not return the filter unit to service until deficiencies have been corrected

63 Operating Criteria IFE Triggers Performance Trigger at the Time that the Filter has been in Operation for Four Hours 0.5 NTU Performance Trigger in Two Consecutive Measurements Taken No More than 15 Minutes Apart For a supplier serving 10,000 or more persons, 0.3 NTU after the filter has been in continuous operation for 60 minutes or more 1.0 NTU 1.0 NTU for three consecutive months 2.0 NTU for two consecutive months 1. The supplier shall take the filter unit out of service and inspect it to determine the cause of its inadequate performance; and 2. The supplier shall not return the filter unit to service until deficiencies have been corrected Within seven days of the exceedance, the supplier shall produce a filter profile if the supplier is unable to identify and report a reason for the abnormal filter performance. Within seven days of the exceedance, the supplier shall produce a filter profile if the supplier is unable to identify and report a reason for the abnormal filter performance. Within 14 days of the exceedance, the supplier shall conduct a self-assessment of the filter. The supplier shall arrange with the Department for the conduct of a CPE pursuant to Optimizing Water Treatment Plant Performance Using the Composite Correction Program

64 Operating Criteria Pressure filters inspected annually Coagulation & flocculation processes in use at all times. 80% reduction in monthly average turbidity (raw vs. filtered) is required Adequate supply of disinfectant available at all times. Emergency chlorination plan required.

65 Operating Criteria CFE Turbidities that require DDW Notification If the supplier uses Any filtration technology Conventional or direct filtration treatment and serves 10,000 or more persons Conventional or direct filtration treatment and serves fewer than 10,000 persons Diatomaceous earth or slow sand filtration And the CFE turbidity. Exceeds 5.0 NTU at any time. (A) Exceeds 1 NTU for more than one continuous hour; (B) Exceeds 1 NTU at four-hour intervals; or (C) Exceeds 1.0 NTU for more than eight consecutive hours. (A) For a supplier using a grab sample monitoring program: 1. Exceeds 1 NTU; or 2. Exceeds 1.0 NTU in more than two consecutive samples taken every four hours; or (B) For a supplier using a continuous monitoring program: (A) Exceeds 1 NTU for more than one continuous hour; (B) Exceeds 1 NTU at four-hour intervals; or (C) Exceeds 1.0 NTU for more than eight consecutive hours. Exceeds 1.0 NTU in more than two consecutive samples taken every four hours.

66 Post-Session Quiz

67 Resources California Drinking Water Regulations /certlic/drinkingwater/documents/lawbook/dwr egulations pdf Water Board web site /programs/index.shtml

68 Session Evaluation