GERBIOs activities. Focus points GERBIO... Big East Mobilization Campaign February 04, 2009 Riga - Latvia

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1 Big East Mobilization Campaign February 04, 2009 Riga - Latvia Michael Köttner, GERBIO Report on the current situation and prospects of frame conditions for biogas technology in Germany and Europe GERBIO is a German non-profit association... was founded in promotes sustainable closed-loop approaches as well as sustainable crop rotation systems... opposes mono-cultures and GMO crops... supports practioners with its knowledge and its worldwide network Focus points BIOGAS Plant oil utilisation Woodgas utilisation Manure management Decentralised wastewater treatment (ecosan) GERBIOs activities Knowledge transfer (seminars and trainings) Individual consultation Contacts to experts in planning, design and construction Contacts to companies Contact and networking to members in the different regions Technological Overview Result of conversion - Gaseous Biofuels - Waste water treatment Gaseous biofuels options: Fuel gas (CH 4 ; CO, H 2 ; ) Gasification Biogas (CH 4 ) Waste water treatment Landfill gas Landfill gas Livestock husbandry Biogas plant Energy crops Biowaste 1

2 Org. waste from house Landfill communal and Biogas potential - in Germany 5,1% from... holds and municipalities industrial Energy 2,3% sewage sludge - crops 3,8% 46,2% Landscape - maintenance 1,6% Side products from plant production 15,4% Org. waste -from industry 1,7% Agricultural slurry 23,9% BIG<EAST Total amount: Mobilisation 24 Bil. Campaign m³ Biogas: 50 Mio. MWh power and 72 Mio. MWh RIGA, heat Quelle: P. Weiland FAL BS Potentials of Biogas Technology 1. Biomethane is like natural gas - but home produced like natural gas - but supply secure like natural gas - but permanently economical 2. Potential: 10 Bil. cubic meter from 10% of the agricultural area (with an Energy production of kwh / ha) - through optimisation possibly: kwh / ha - 16 Bil. Cubic meter Biomethane (half of the imports from Russia) - up to 17% of the German Power Production - up to 20% of the German Natural Gas Consumption - up to 35 % of the German Traffic Fuel Consumption 3. Energy Crops have the largest Fraction in the Potential 4. First Successes in biogas specific Energy Crop production Quelle: BMU Biofuels in comparison Key Figures in the Development of the German Biogas Industry Amount of Plants Installed capacity Electrical energy (TW h/a) 2.8 > Fraction in German electricity production 0.5% > 1% 1.4% 1.50% 1.70% Turnover of Industry (Mrd. ) Turnover of Operators (Mio. ) Fraction in export 8% 12% > 15% >20% 25% Employment CO2 Reduction Mio. t/a Source: Fachverband Biogas e.v. and own data 2

3 Biogas Plant Locations in Germany Components of an Agricultural Biogas Heat and Power Station Energy utilisation from biogas plants Solid Feststoffeintrag feeder Mixing Vorgrube pit Rührkesselreaktor Mixed reactor End Endlager storage 20% Kondensatabscheider 35% Heizöltanks 42% 15% District Nah- (Fern-) heatingwärmenetz 38% 50% Strom Heat Pufferspeicher buffer storage Verluste Prozesswärme Spitzenlast-Kessel Peak heat supply Verluste extern nutzbare Wärme Energy Sanitation Emissions N-Fertilising effect Unsuitable substrates Comparison between anaerobic digestion and composting of agricultural biomass Anaerobic digestion Composting production ( kwh/t) guaranteed under consideration of legal standards low (odours, ammonia) fast tree and bush cuttings consumption (20-100kWh/t) guaranteed under consideration of legal standards high (odours, ammonia, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrogen sulphate, germs) slow half liquid substrates with no structure biomass without structure can only be composted after wood or other straw has been added Organic waste Energy crops CCM Old bread Fodder peas silage Apple marc Fodder beet silage Biogastechnology: Straw Brewers grains Grain destillery Biowaste waste Separation fat Flotation fat Grassilage Greace Cosubstrates Green rye silage Vegetable waste Grain cleanings Destillery grains Glycerin Coffee draff Cocoa shells Potatoe greens Potatoe peeling waste Since EEG 2004 Trend Green oat silage Potatoes Potatoe destillery waste Clover grass silage Lucerene silage Maize Maizesilage Rape seeds Destilled potatoes Rye Leaves evtl. high returns Clover silage Molasses Wey Fruit peelings Rapeseed cake Grass cuttings Canteen waste Onion peels (gate fees) Fodder beet silage Sunflower silage Triticale Grassilage Wheat Green wheat silage Sugarbeet silage BIG<EAST Mobilisation Campaign.. RIGA,

4 Biogas yields from different substrates Feedstock in German Biogas Plants 100% 80% 60% 40% industrielle und landwirt. Reststoffe Bioabfall 20% NawaRo 0% Exkremente 1 1. Umfrage (6/05) 2.Umfrage (12/05) 3.Umfrage (12/06) German status of energy crop utilisation Source: vti Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut Source: DZ-Bank 4

5 Example Process chain for the digestion of biowaste Biogas from Food Waste and Agricultural Slurry Biogas Reception of biowastes => closed chamber with odour treatment Preparation =>Chopping and sorting of disturbing materials Fermentation with post treatment Pulper hygienising, separation compost liquid fertilizer BIG<EAST Mobilisation Campaign (post composting) RIGA, Economy of biowaste treatment plants: Income of gate fees and energy sales Higher technological standard => high investment costs Higher approval conditions => higher costs Examination and testing costs No agricultural subsidies Digester Systems Wet Fermentation Completely mixed digester Plug flow digester Dry Fermentation Plug flow digester Garage type batch digester Restricted spreading possibilities Concrete digester with air supported double gas cover Flexible EPDM-Film PVC tissue reinforced film Fan for air support flexible PE-Folie Advantages: - simple digester repair - integrated gas holder - well weather prooved - easy indication of gas yield Concrete digester with double membrane cover Disadvantages: - more expensive than one cover - not 100% gastight - permanent energy consumption through air fan 3 5

6 Stainless steel digester Horizontal digester with paddle stirrer Advantages: - digesting high solids content - high loading rate possible - little short cut flow - automatic sand drain - complete mixing - high digester productivity - Suitable for dry digestion Disadvantages: - high price - only possible with after digester - limited in size 4 Horizontal digester with paddle stirrer garage type digester Steel or Concrete 4 (BEKON, 2005) Dry Fermentation System for Biomass over 20% DS Principal Function Outlook 2009 New EEG is in place with focus on efficiency, ecology and emission reduction New biogas grid feed in regulations are in place since March 2008 More incentives for on farm biogas plants and waste treatment 20 projects for grid injection in the planning phase, 13 are in place Aim of Federal Government of 10 % Biogas in the natural gas grid by

7 New EEG and compensation for Energy utilisation from biogas Thank you for your Attention! 1,0 0 Michael Köttner Germany Society for Sustainable Biogas and Bioenergy Utilization GERBIO Am Feuersee Kirchberg/ Jagst Germany phone: fax: info@biogas-zentrum.de 7