NIGERIA COUNTRY PROFILE Prepared for the 2012 Sanitation and Water for All High Level Meeting*

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1 Determinant Sanitation Drinking-water Policy and institutions 5 4 Human resources 4 3 Internal conflict /fragility 4 4 Water quality 3 3 Water resources 3 4 Aging infrastructure 3 5 Environmental quality 3 3 Climate change 3 3 Sufficient financing 2 5 Regulation low impact, 5 - high impact Figure 1 - Determinants for sustaining achievements and progress Demographic and Economic Statistics Population (2010) a 158 million population (2010) a 79 million population (2010) a 79 million Annual average population growth ( ) a 2.4% Gross national income per capita (2009) b 2,070 Health Statistics Infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births (2009) c 86 Under 5 mortality rate per 1,000 live births (2009) c 138 Healthy life expectancy at birth, male/female (2009) c 53/54 Number of deaths due to WASH related disease or injury (2004) d 361,896 Percentage of deaths due to WASH related disease or injury (2004) d 16.20% Sanitation and Drinking-water Statistics Use of improved sanitation (2010) e 31% Use of drinking-water from improved source (2010) e 58% Coverage of sanitation facilities in schools and hospitals f Primary schools, urban/rural (2010) 32% Secondary schools, urban/rural (2010) 48% (a) World Population Prospects, UN Population Division; (b) World Development Indicators, World Bank; (c) World Health Statistics, World Health Organization (WHO); (d) Safer Water, Better Health, WHO; (e) WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme; (f) National data Progress towards Millennium Development Goals Estimated year national sanitation target will be reached % Estimated year national drinking water target will be reached % * Unless otherwise noted, the primary source of data for this profile is Nigeria's response to the 2011 Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water (GLAAS) questionnaire 1

2 Overview of Sanitation and Drinking-water status The national access to sanitation and drinking water is 31% and 58% respectively (JMP, 2012). The sector goal is to meet the MDG targets of 65% and 75% for sanitation and water respectively and several initiatives and strategies are being implemented towards it. The sector is benefiting significantly from the MDG office that was established in 2005 to guide the use of the debt relief gains of one billion dollars from the Paris Club. Sanitation and Water are also listed in Nigeria s Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper tagged National Economic Empowerment Development Strategies which has now been replaced by Vision 20:2020 document as one of the key areas of priority and resource allocation. The de-merging of Federal Ministry of Water Resources from Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources in 2010 is another pointer of Government s commitment to improving access to potable water supply and adequate sanitation facilities in the country. While the mandate for water supply is domiciled in the Ministry of Water Resources that of sanitation is situated in many agencies with each having its own mandate to deliver on. The five sanitation related policies developed by the different agencies are in the process of harmonization into one National Sanitation Policy for the country. Some of the sector coordination mechanism in place include the Donors Coordination Meeting, the National Task Group on Sanitation (NTGS), and Water Investment Mobilization and Application Guidelines all of which are being strenghtened to facilitate adequate planning, coordination and projects implementation towards achieving the set goals. There is a huge investment gap in the sector, out of the calculated US$2.5 billion annual investment required to meet the MDG targets, only about $550 million is being injected by the Government due to limited resources and competing needs. Government efforts are being complemented by an average annual fund injection of about US$100 million from development partners and donors in loans and grants. The available human resources in the sector are not sufficient and there is a great need for capacity building. In order to enhance achievement of the set targets, more attention is being given to funds mobilization, establishment of the enabling environment for improved service delivery and increased private sector participation in the sector. 2

3 Policy and institutions Sanitation Drivers and Barriers Participation and Equity Coverage targets in national plan or PRSP Procedures to inform/consult stakeholders Approved sanitation policy Differentiated targets and strategies for access of vulnerable and excluded groups Lead coordinating government institution Equity criteria used to allocate funding Policies for sanitation in public places Measurable impact of equity policies Access targets in policy for schools Human right to sanitation recognized Human right to sanitation claims tried in domestic court Annual increase sufficient to meet national targets Funding available at local level Solutions adopted and used at scale to promote sanitation Planning, Monitoring, and Evaluation Sector wide approach Availability of sanitation products sufficient and affordable Investment program for sanitation Sufficient number of operators to meet household demands Regular review to monitor sub-sector performance Aging infrastructure Adequate complaint mechanisms Budgeting and Expenditure Climate change resilience % service provision contracted to private sector Human Resource Capacity Separate budget lines for sanitation Sufficient financial flows to meet MDG Use of domestic capital commitments Absorption of official donor commitments % sanitation budget targeted to the poor HR addressed in strategy or sector reviews In-country education and training for subsector personnel Sufficient extension staff for sanitation promotion Legend Adequate Progressing Needs attention Human Resources Policy and Institutions very high high medium Sanitation Sanitation low very low Planning, Monitoring, and Evaluation Budgeting and Expenditure Participation and Equity Figure 2 Sanitation Sector Capacity Radar National monitoring institutions: National Task Group on sanitation 3

4 Drinking-Water Drivers and Barriers Policy and institutions Participation and Equity Coverage target in national plan or PRSP Procedures to inform/consult stakeholders Approved drinking-water policy Differentiated targets and strategies for access of vulnerable and excluded groups Clearly defined instituional roles Equity criteria to allocate funding Participation of ministry of education in drinking-water sub-sector coordination Measurable impact of equity policies Participation of ministry of health in drinkingwater sub-sector coordination Annual increase sufficient to meet national targets Human right to drinking-water recognized Funding available at local level Human right to drinking-water claims in domestic court Drinking water quality monitoring Planning, Monitoring, and Evaluation Sector wide approach Regular inventories of rural drinking water infrastructure Investment program for drinking-water Technical and financial support to maintain systems? Regular review to monitor performance Regular tariff reviews resulting in adjusted tariffs Adequate complaint mechanisms Preventive risk management used (e.g. WSPs) Budgeting and Expenditure Aging infrastructure Water scarcity plans O&M costs for utilities covered by revenues Sufficient financial flows to meet MDG Use of domestic capital commitments Human Resource Capacity Absorption of official donor commitments % drinking-water budget targeted to the poor Legend Adequate Progressing HR addressed in strategy or sector reviews In-country education and training for subsector personnel Sufficient staff for operation and maintenance Needs attention Policy and Institutions Human Resources very high high medium low very low Planning, Monitoring, and Evaluation Water Supply Water Supply Budgeting and Expenditure Participation and Equity Figure 3 Drinking-Water Sector Capacity Radar National monitoring institutions: Federal Minister of Water Resources 4

5 Hygiene Promotion Hygiene Promotion Major Donors Average annual commitment (ODA) to sanitation and water Hygiene promotion included in national healt US$ million / year Hygiene promotion promoted in : World Bank Primary Schools EU Secondary schools UNICEF Primary health care centres WaterAid Secondary health care centres Japan Tertiary services DFID Table 1 Major donors of official development assistance (ODA) to sanitation and water, (SITAN, 2010) Contact Information: Mr L. A. SALIHU Assistant Chief Scientific officer Federal Ministry of Water Resources Abuja abdusalihu@yahoo.com ntgsnigeria@ymail.com (+234)