EUROPEAN COMMISSION EUROSTAT

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1 EUROPEAN COMMISSION EUROSTAT Directorate F: Social statistics Unit F-3: Labour market Doc.: Eurostat/F3/LAMAS/31/14 WORKING GROUP LABOUR MARKET STATISTICS Document for item 3.4 of the agenda Future of the CVTS data collection October 2014 BECH Building Room QUETELET Luxembourg

2 Summary: this document outlines the requirements for a possible testing (pilot data collection) of some variables on continuing vocational training (CVT) through the Labour Cost Survey (LCS). 1. Current situation Data on vocational training have got increased prominence in the past few years, given the importance attached at EU level to the improvement of skills in the labour force as a way to tackle structural unemployment and increase growth prospects. Against this backdrop, several EU indicators based on training statistics have been developed for the monitoring of the Europe 2020 strategy and included in the Joint Assessment Framework (JAF). As regards CVT costs, there are at present two EU-regulated surveys on enterprises, namely: The Labour Cost Survey (LCS) based on Council Regulation (EC) No 530/1999 of 9 March 1999 concerning structural statistics on earnings and on labour costs, to be implemented every four years (reference years 2000, 2004, 2008 and 2012). The next data collection will take place in 2017 (reference year 2016). LCS 2016 data are to be transmitted to Eurostat by end of June 2018; only tabular data are required for transmission. According to Commission Regulation (EC) No 1737/2005 of 21 October 2005 amending Regulation (EC) No 1726/1999 as regards the definition and transmission of information on labour costs the scope of LCS 2016 is to stay unchanged compared to The Continuing Vocational Training Survey (CVTS), which according to Regulation (EC) No 1552/2005 of 7 September 2005 on statistics relating to vocational training in enterprises has to be implemented every five years (reference years 2005 and 2010). CVTS is a stand-alone survey. CVTS 2015 data are to be transmitted to Eurostat by end of June 2017; microdata are required for transmission to Eurostat. At the ESSC of May 2014 all Member States voted in favour of the draft Commission Regulation for CVTS 2015 with no request for derogations. 2. ESSC and DSS decisions In the context of negative priorities for 2012, the European Statistical System Committee (ESSC) proposed in May 2011 to repeal or simplify Regulation (EC) No 1552/2005. However, considering the persistent policy demand for CVT indicators, a repeal of the CVTS regulation can only be envisaged if the provision of basic CVT indicators is ensured via other sources and their (adapted) legislation. A dedicated CVTS Task Force explored during the feasibility of alternative approaches for CVT data provision, and LCS was identified as a potential alternative source. But further methodological work and testing the collection of CVT key information through LCS is required. Only once a sound methodological approach is agreed within the ESS, the necessary adaptations of legislation can be envisaged. 1

3 In addition, in the meeting of the Directors of Social Statistics (DSS) of November 2013, the necessity to collect data on CVT costs and participants from the same source for the appropriate calculation of indicators was highlighted CVTS variables concerned by a possible inclusion in LCS a. Indicators to be constructed If LCS is to be used in the future to fulfil the requirements as regards CVT course costs, the following indicators currently published online and based on CVTS data will need to be made available: Cost of CVT courses as % of total labour cost Cost of CVT courses per participant Cost of CVT courses per training hour Cost of CVT courses per employee (all enterprises, CVT course enterprises) Using the LCS to compute these indicators would imply collecting additional information on CVT cost and on CVT participants and training hours. The main features of CVTS and LCS are provided in Annex I of this document. b. CVT cost An in-depth evaluation of the concept of CVT cost is to be made. In CVTS, total training costs are to be covered, including: 1. Total monetary expenditure {direct costs (fees and payments + travel and subsistence + labour cost of internal trainers + training premises) + receipts minus contributions} and 2. Labour cost of participants {training hours CVT courses * total labour cost / hours worked by persons employed in EUR}. CVTS collects costs of CVT courses (internal and external courses); CVTS does not cover the costs of other forms of training 2. Costs of CVT courses in CVTS cover direct costs, labour costs of participants, contributions and receipts but exclude costs for apprentices. Table 1 below compares the coverage of CVTS and LCS 3. 1 For additional information see also Directors of Social Statistics, meeting November 2013, item 3.3 ( and Education and Training Statistics Working Group, meeting June 2014, item 4.3 ( acc7-487c-b0b3-d01961dc421e). 2 In CVTS other forms of training are: planned training through (a) guided on-the job-training, (b) job-rotation, exchanges, secondments or study visits, (c) participation in learning or quality circles, (d) self-directed learning, (e) attendance (instruction received) at conferences, workshops, trade fairs and lectures. 3 Definitions used in CVTS and LCS are provided in Annex III. 2

4 Table 1: Cost elements covered by CVTS and LCS* 1. Total monetary expenditure Direct costs CVTS C7sub LCS a) Fees and payments C7a D.2 b) Travel and subsistence C7b D.2 c) Labour costs of internal trainers C7c % of D (labour costs) d) Training premises C7d D.2 Contributions to collective funding arrangements Receipts from collective funds, from sources of revenue for CVT courses etc. 2. Labour costs of participants Training hours CVT courses * total labour cost / hours worked by persons employed B5a D.2 (full coverage to be confirmed/tested) B5b D.2 (full coverage to be confirmed/tested) PAC C3tot, A5, A4 Training hours CVT courses = % of C.1 (total hours paid) D, (B.1 - B.13) * The codes refer to the codes used in the CVTS implementing Regulation (CVTS 2010 and CVTS 2015) and in the LCS (2012). In order to evaluate the feasibility of using LCS for the provision of data on the costs of (internal and external) CVT courses, the following needs to be evaluated: Coverage of costs of CVT courses only, i.e. it should be checked that LCS variable D.2 does not cover the costs of other forms of training. Exclusion of costs for apprentices. Adequate coverage of costs of internal and external CVT courses. Adequate coverage of CVTS costs elements in LCS variable D.2, in particular for receipts and contributions. Feasibility to single out costs of internal trainers from LCS variable D. For provision of total training costs and for calculation of indicators per training hour : feasibility to collect training hours (hours paid spent on CVT courses) as a subitem of LCS variable C.1. For calculation of the indicator cost of CVT courses per employee (CVT course enterprises), a coherent identification of CVT course enterprises (i.e. enterprises with costs in D.2) needs to be ensured. 3

5 c. Data on participants and training hours CVT key indicators target at four dimensions: enterprise provision of CVT, costs, participation of employees and hours spent. Accordingly CVTS also collects the number of participants in CVT courses as well as the paid hours spent on CVT courses. The number of CVT participants is both relevant to calculate the policy indicator cost of CVT courses per participant and to measure the intensity of CVT provision (e.g. CVT course participants as % of employees ). The number of paid hours spent on CVT courses is relevant to cover the labour costs of participants and to calculate the indicator cost of CVT courses per training hour which was identified by the CVTS Task Force as an indicator relevant for EU policies. Other policy indicators using data on participants and training hours are hours in CVT courses per participant/employee and hours in CVT courses per hours worked. In order to evaluate the feasibility of using LCS for the provision of relevant CVT cost indicators, the feasibility to collect the relevant reference data needs to be tested: Feasibility to collect CVT course participants as a sub-group of LCS variable A.1. Feasibility to collect training hours (hours paid spent on CVT courses) as a sub-group of LCS variable C.1. The requirements for CVT course costs and related indicators in LCS are summarised in Annex II. 4. Consequence for the LCS 2016 data collection It is consequently asked to LAMAS participants to volunteer to collect, in the context of the LCS 2016 data collection and on the basis of a gentlemen s agreement, the additional information as summarised in table 2. Table 2: Additional requirements for CVT course costs and related indicators in LCS to be collected as part of LCS 2016 LCS A.1 Total number of employees (average) (B.1-B.13) Total hours actually worked (without apprentices) C.1 Total hours paid D. Labour costs LCS new Total number of employees who participated in all CVT courses (internal, external) Total hours paid spent on all CVT courses ( training hours ) Share of training hours spent on obligatory courses for health and safety at work Labour costs for internal trainers D.2 Vocational training costs To be further developed by the CVTS/LCS Task Force 4

6 The main objectives of this additional data collection are to investigate if it is possible to accommodate the relevant CVT variables in LCS and to assess the quality of the CVT results from LCS. Therefore the pilot data collection would need to evaluate whether an appropriate coverage of all elements of CVT course costs can be achieved in the LCS and if it is possible to collect additional variables on participants and training hours which are needed for the provision of CVT cost indicators. In addition, pilot testing would need to include an assessment of the quality of the collected CVT data (issues related to the statistical unit used in LCS, to LCS not being a dedicated CVT survey, etc.) and the possible impact on LCS of including CVT variables in LCS. The proposed strategy for the exercise is as follows: The testing should not change the core LCS, i.e. the regular LCS data provision should not be disturbed by the testing of CVT requirements. At least five countries should test. CVT results from LCS would be requested as tabular data for twenty NACE groups 4 and three size classes 5 only. Full scale CVT results from LCS should fulfil CVTS requirements, i.e. depending on the LCS samples, the CVT requirements could be collected from a sub-sample only. A meeting of a new joint CVTS/LCS Task Force is proposed to take place in June The expected outcomes of the meeting are technical specifications and supporting methodological material for the tests which are to be presented to the LAMAS WG in October This Task Force should meet only once and otherwise exchange by . The mandate of the joint CVTS/LCS Task Force could be to provide the detailed specifications (code/label/definition) of the variables to be tested through LCS 2016, namely: the costs elements in LCS variable D.2, in particular for receipts and contributions; the variable costs of internal trainers as a sub-item of LCS variable D; the variables on CVT course participants and training hours (hours paid spent on CVT courses) with the latter being a sub-item of LCS variable C.1; as well as to develop criteria for the quality assessment of CVT results if collected from LCS. The CVTS/LCS Task Force should have a balanced composition of both LCS and CVTS experts. Countries interested to participate in the Task Force should express their interest by 21 November Eurostat plans to launch grants in early 2016 in order to financially support the testing in national LCS In view of this, it is necessary to know by 29 May 2015 (1) which countries commit to participate in the testing and (2) which financial support they will seek for that purpose. 4 NACE groups B, C10-C12, C13-C15, C17-C18, C19-C23, C24-C25, C26-C28+C33, C29-C30, C16+C31-C32, D-E, F, G45, G46, G47, H, I, J, K64-K65, K66, L+M+N+R+S and the total 5 Size classes 10-49, , 250+ employees and the total. 6 The Education and Training Statistics Working Group will be contacted in parallel for nomination of CVTS experts. 5

7 5. Next steps If testing/collection of additional variables in LCS 2016 is positive, Eurostat will have either to develop an amendment to Council Regulation (EC) No 530/1999 (and corresponding implementing measure) or to include the extended LCS data collection in FRIBS. Given time needed for the legal procedure in both cases, implementation will not take place for the 2020 LCS data collection. The LAMAS WG is invited to: take note of the request by the DSS and the ESSC to study/test the feasibility of alternative sources for CVTS; comment on the technical proposal for accommodating CVT requirements into the LCS; comment on the proposed strategy for testing CVT requirements in LCS 2016; express, by 21 November 2014, their interest in testing CVT course costs and related indicators in their national LCS 2016; comment on the mandate of the CVTS/LCS Task Force that should meet in June 2015 and express interest in being member. 6

8 Annex I Main features of CVTS and LCS CVTS LCS Comments Reference period Calendar year Calendar year Periodicity Every 5 years (2010, 2015, 2020) Every 4 years (2012, 2016, 2020) Statistical unit Enterprise Enterprise or local unit LCS no uniform statistical unit; enterprise is considered to be the appropriate unit to ask for CVT information Population Persons employed Employees Size coverage Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed Enterprises with 10 or more employees (size of enterprise to which the local unit belongs to) 7 CVTS inconsistency: 1552/2005 refers to employees, implementing Regulations refer to persons employed NACE Rev. 2 coverage B to N and R to S B to S excluding O Difference: P (Education), Q (Human health and social work activities) NACE groups Collected: actual NACE code (5 digit) Published: 5 groups (B-E, F, G-I, J_K, L-N_R_S) + total Size classes Collected: actual number of persons employed Published: 3 groups and total persons employed persons employed 250+ persons employed Collected and published: NACE Rev. 2 sections (C, F, ) and divisions (10, 11, 12, ) Collected and published for 5 groups and total employees employees employees employees LCS: size of enterprise to which the local unit belongs to CVTS: size of enterprise

9 Sampling CVTS LCS Comments employees Stratified random sample Economic activity (20 NACE categories) and size (3 or 6 enterprise categories) Stratified random sample Economic activity, size and region Precision requirements See annex 2015 CVTS Regulation Not further specified Stand-alone survey Yes Not specified Microdata transmitted to ESTAT Data transmission format Data transmission delay Yes Microdata in CSV (Commission Regulation and code book) 18 months after the end of the reference year Quality report Yes (standard quality report) Yes No (tabular data) Tabular data in CSV (Commission Regulation and implementation arrangements) 18 months after the end of the reference year 8

10 Annex II Requirements for CVT course costs and related indicators in LCS LCS LCS new CVTS Remarks A.1 Total number of employees A2tot Persons employed (end of Head count (average) year) Total number of employees who participated in all CVT courses (internal, external) C1tot Total number of participants in all CVT courses (internal and external) Head count Participants, not participations Used to calculate indicators ( per (B.1-B.13) Total hours actually worked (without apprentices) C.1 Total hours paid Total hours paid spent on all CVT courses ( training hours ) Share of training hours spent on obligatory courses for health and safety at work 9 A4 Total number of hours worked by persons employed C3tot Paid working time (in hours) spent on all CVT courses C4 Share of training hours spent on obligatory courses for health and safety at work participant ) CVTS: hours actually worked without persons with apprentice or training contract Used to derive labour costs of participants Used to calculate indicators ( per hours worked ) Used to derive labour costs of participants Used to calculate indicators ( per training hour, training hours per employee/participant ) D. Labour costs A5 Total labour costs Used to derive labour costs of participants and to calculate indicators ( as % of labour costs ) Labour costs for internal trainers C7c Labour costs of internal trainers D.2 Vocational training costs C7a + C7b + C7d B5a, B5b Appropriate coverage of CVT requirements to be ensured

11 Annex III Definitions and concepts Continuing Vocational Training Survey (CVTS) See also CVTS 4 (2010) manual, available at d1c6c23bfe1d CVT Continuing vocational training is a training measure or activity which have as their primary objectives the acquisition of new competencies or the development and improvement of existing ones and which must be financed at least partly by the enterprises for their persons employed who either have a working contract or who benefit directly from their work for the enterprise such as unpaid family workers and casual workers. Persons employed holding an apprenticeship or training contract should not be taken into consideration for CVT. The training measures or activities must be planned in advance and must be organised or supported with the special goal of learning. Random learning and initial vocational training (IVT) are explicitly excluded. IVT Initial vocational training (IVT) is restricted to apprenticeships at ISCED 2 to 4 level. The following criteria need to apply: (1) The apprenticeship must be a component of a formal programme at ISCED 2-4 level (2) The completion of the apprenticeship is mandatory to obtain a qualification or certification for this programme (3) The duration of the apprenticeship is from 6 months to 6 years (4) The apprentices receive a remuneration The measure is often financed (partly or wholly) by the enterprise although this is not a mandatory condition. Apprentices often have a special training contract. 10 Labour Cost Survey (LCS)

12 Continuing Vocational Training Survey (CVTS) CVT courses CVT courses are typically clearly separated from the active work place (learning takes place in locations specially assigned for learning like a class room or training centre). They exhibit a high degree of organisation (time, space and content) by a trainer or a training institution. The content is designed for a group of learners (e.g. a curriculum exists). Two distinct types of CVT courses are identified: internal (designed and managed by the enterprise itself) and external (designed and managed by organisations which are not part of the enterprise itself) CVT courses. CVT costs (for CVT courses) a) Fees and payments These are the costs of external courses, made to external organisations for the provision of CVT courses and services. They include course fees, the cost of assessors and examiners and the cost of external trainers used to support internal courses. VAT should be excluded from the expenses. b) Travel and subsistence These are costs made to participants for travelling to training courses and the payments or subsistence allowances. VAT should be excluded from the expenses. c) Labour costs of internal trainers These are the direct and indirect labour costs of staff of training centres and other staff exclusively or partly involved in providing, designing and managing CVT courses. If those trainers are only partly involved in CVT courses, only the time spent on CVT courses should be taken into account. If total labour costs of internal trainers for CVT courses are not available from enterprise records, then the labour costs may be estimated by using data on the total number of internal trainers for CVT courses and average remuneration plus indirect labour costs. 11 Labour Cost Survey (LCS) CVT costs D.2 Vocational training costs paid by the employer These include: expenditure on vocational-training services and facilities (also those for apprentices but not their wages and salaries), small repairs and maintenance of buildings and installations, excluding staff costs; expenditure on participation in courses; the fees of instructors from outside the enterprise; expenditure on teaching aids and tools used for training; sums paid by the enterprise to vocational-training organisations, etc. Subsidies linked to vocational training should be deducted. Reference ESA 95: Intermediate consumption

13 Continuing Vocational Training Survey (CVTS) d) Training premises These costs include the costs of running the training rooms and annual depreciation for these rooms and equipment. It also includes the costs of materials bought specifically to support the provision of CVT courses. VAT should be excluded from the expenses. Labour Cost Survey (LCS) Other forms of CVT Other forms of continuing vocational training are typically connected to the active work and the active work place, but they can also include attendances (instruction) at conferences, trade fairs etc. for the purpose of learning. They are often characterised by a degree of self-organisation (time, space and content) by the individual learner or by a group of learners. The content is often tailored according to the learners individual needs in the workplace. In the context of CVTS4 the following types of other forms of CVT are identified: - planned training through guided on-the job-training - planned training through job-rotation, exchanges, secondments or study visits - planned training through participation in learning or quality circles - planned training through self-directed learning - planned training through attendance (instruction received) at conferences, workshops, trade fairs and lectures Persons employed (CVTS) CVTS 4 manual - working proprietors - partners working regularly in the enterprise 12 Employees (LCS) (SBS code ) :en:pdf

14 Continuing Vocational Training Survey (CVTS) Labour Cost Survey (LCS) - unpaid family workers The number of employees is defined as those persons who work for an - persons from the enterprise and paid by it who work away from the employer and who have a contract of employment and receive enterprise (e.g. sales representatives, delivery personnel, repair and compensation in the form of wages, salaries, fees, gratuities, piecework maintenance teams) pay or remuneration in kind. (All persons for whom payments are booked - part-time workers and seasonal workers under the heading personnel costs in the profit and loss accounts of the enterprise should be included even if in some cases no contract of - people absent for a short period (e.g. sick leave, paid leave or special employment exists). leave) The relationship of employer to employee exists when there is an - those on strike but not absent for an indefinite period agreement, which may be formal or informal, between an enterprise and a It excludes anyone who is working at the enterprise but whose salary is person, normally entered into voluntarily by both parties, whereby the paid by another company, e.g. persons employed of firms under contract person works for the enterprise in return for remuneration in cash or in or seconded staff. Also not included are persons absent and not being kind. paid during the whole reference period (e.g. for parental leave or long A worker is considered to be a wage or salary earner of a particular unit if time compulsory military service). he or she receives a wage or salary from the unit regardless of where the SBS (SBS code ) work is done (in or outside the production unit). A worker from a temporary employment agency and not of the unit (customer) in which temporary employment agency is considered to be an employee of the :en:pdf they work. The number of persons employed is defined as the total number of In particular the following are considered as employees: persons who work in the observation unit (inclusive of working - paid working proprietors; proprietors, partners working regularly in the unit and unpaid family - students who have a formal commitment whereby they contribute to the workers working regularly in the unit), as well as persons who work unit's process of production in return for remuneration and/or education outside the unit who belong to it and are paid by it (e.g. sales services; representatives, delivery personnel, repair and maintenance teams). It - employees engaged under a contract specifically designed to encourage includes persons absent for a short period (e.g. sick leave, paid leave or special leave), and also those on strike, but not those absent for an the recruitment of unemployed persons; indefinite period. It also includes part-time workers who are regarded as - homeworkers if there is an explicit agreement that the homeworker is such under the laws of the country concerned and who are on the payroll, as well as seasonal workers, apprentices and home workers on the pay-roll. remunerated on the basis of the work done and they are included on the pay-roll. The number of employees includes part-time workers, seasonal workers, persons on strike or on short-term leave, but excludes those persons on 13

15 Continuing Vocational Training Survey (CVTS) The number of persons employed excludes manpower supplied to the unit by other enterprises, persons carrying out repair and maintenance work in the enquiry unit on behalf of other enterprises, as well as those on compulsory military service. Unpaid family workers refer to persons who live with the proprietor of the unit and work regularly for the unit, but do not have a contract of service and do not receive a fixed sum for the work they perform. This is limited to those persons who are not included on the payroll of another unit as their principal occupation. Enterprise (SBS code ) The enterprise is the smallest combination of legal units that is an organisational unit producing goods or services, which benefits from a certain degree of autonomy in decision-making, especially for the allocation of its current resources. An enterprise carries out one or more activities at one or more locations. An enterprise may be a sole legal unit. Labour Cost Survey (LCS) long-term leave. The number of employees does not include voluntary workers. Enterprise (SBS code ) or Local unit (SBS code ) The local unit is an enterprise or part thereof (e.g. a workshop, factory, warehouse, office, mine or depot) situated in a geographically identified place. At or from this place economic activity is carried out for which - save for certain exceptions - one or more persons work (even if only parttime) for one and the same enterprise. 14