May 6 7, 2015 The Renaissance Capital View Arlington

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2 Directorate of Construction Updates Dean McKenzie, Deputy Director Directorate of Construction Occupational Safety and Health Administration

3 OSHA S MISSION: PREVENT WORK INJURY AND ILLNESS More than 4,000 Americans die from workplace injuries every year. Perhaps as many as 50,000 workers die from illnesses in which workplace exposures were a contributing factor. More than 3 million cases of non-fatal workplace injuries and illnesses are recorded annually by employers.

4 OSHA S CHALLENGE OSHA has a range of tools and deterrence strategies, appropriate for different employers and different situations. Given (very) limited resources, OSHA s challenge is to apply the most efficient mix in order to maximize the abatement of hazards, and therefore the prevention on injuries, illnesses and fatalities.

5 NUMBER OF EMPLOYERS Distribution of Employers, by Commitment to Workplace Safety Criminal Penalties Inspections & Civil Penalties Compliance Assistance & Consultation Recognition Programs SVEP LITTLE COMMITMENT TO SAFETY GREAT

6 NUMBER OF EMPLOYERS Distribution of Employers, by Commitment to Workplace Safety Criminal Penalties Inspections & Civil Penalties Compliance Assistance & Consultation Recognition Programs SVEP LITTLE COMMITMENT TO SAFETY GREAT

7 Leveling the playing field OSHA levels the playing field for responsible employers competing with those who cut corners and costs on worker safety.

8 Workplace Fatality Rates

9 Number & rate of fatal occupational injuries Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor

10 Inspections Conducted FY 2007 FY 2012

11 Construction Industry Fatalities Residentil Construction* Years Total Fatalities All Construction Fatalities For Residential Construction Source: BLS CFOI Data 2013

12 Leading Causes of Construction Fatalities Cause Fatalities 2011 Fatalities 2012 Fatalities 2013 FALL TO LOWER LEVEL STRUCK BY ELECTROCUTION CAUGHT IN/BETWEEN Source: BLS Table A-9 for Each Year2013 Numbers are Final

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14 Fatal Falls in Residential Construction Fatal Falls Housing Starts (in Thousands) Source of fatality data: Bureau of Labor Statistics Source of housing starts: McGraw-Hill Construction

15 Top 10 Violations in Construction - FY 2014 Standards Cited FY2014 Number of Citations Number of Inspections Current Penalty Brief Description of Standard ,011 15,842 $17,220,055 Duty to have fall protection ,871 1,767 $7,113,242 General scaffold requirements ,292 1,866 $3,501,835 Ladders ,441 2,076 $1,931,317 Fall protection training requirements ,160 1,156 $1,527,388 Eye and face protection ,119 1,119 $1,526,919 Head protection $296,854 Hazard Communication $861,104 General safety and health provisions $1,201,615 Aerial lifts $755,489 Fall Protection Systems Criteria Requirements. and Practices

16 Carpenter Falls from Elevations The average cost of a lost time claim for carpenters involved in a fall from an elevation during the three years was nearly $98,000 For indemnity (wage replacement) benefits, In each case, approximately $30,000 was allocated while $68,000 was for medical care.

17 Workplace injuries and fatalities cost our economy $198.2 billion a year. National Safety Council Injury Facts 2014

18 20,000,000 visitors annually to OSHA s website 213,200 responses to OSHA calls for help 19,300 Spanish-speaking callers helped OSHA Compliance Assistance 22,500 requests for assistance answered 1,320,500 educational materials distributed 26,700 visits to small & medium-sized businesses through OSHA s free On-Site Consultation Program 2014 data

19 Construction Confined Spaces New Rule Standards Published

20 Confined Spaces in Construction Publish Date: May 4, 2015 Effective Date: August 3, 2015 Closely aligned with General Industry Rule Find more info at

21 Confined Spaces in Construction What is a confined space? A confined space has; Limited means of entry and/or exit, Is large enough for a worker to enter it, and Is not intended for regular/continuous occupancy. Examples include sewers, pits, crawl spaces, attics, boilers, and many more.

22 Confined Spaces in Construction What is a permit required confined space (permit space)? A permit space is a confined space that may have a hazardous atmosphere, engulfment hazard, or other serious hazard, such as exposed wiring, that can interfere with a worker s ability to leave the space without assistance.

23 Confined Space in Construction Can anyone work in a permit space? Only workers who have been assigned and trained to work in a permit space may do so. Additionally, before workers can enter a permit space, the employer has to write a permit that specifies what safety measures must to be taken and who is allowed to go in.

24 Confined Space in Construction Do employers have to have a written confined space program? Yes, if workers will enter permit spaces.

25 Confined Space in Construction If the employer is following the construction standard, he or she is in compliance with general industry standard

26 Confined Space in Construction What does this mean to you?

27 New OSHA Reporting Requirements (Effective January 01, 2015) Required 24 hour reporting Any work related hospitalizations One or more employees Amputations One or more employees Loss of an eye One or more employees Required 8 hour Reporting of fatalities and catastrophe

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30 Temporary Workers 3 million people are employed by staffing companies every week. 11 million temporary and contract employees are hired by U.S. staffing firms over the course of a year. Source: American Staffing Association

31 Why Are Temp Workers At High Risk of Injury? New workers are at increased risk of injury. Host employers don t have the same commitment to temporary employees as to permanent ones. Employer who bears the risk of the injury (temp agency) does not control safety and health investment.

32 Temporary Worker Initiative Extensive outreach and education In all inspections, OSHA s inspectors ask about presence of temp workers, the hazards to which they are exposed, and the training they have received.

33 Outreach & Education Alliance with American Staffing Association Issued Temporary Worker Recommended Practices Developing Compliance Assistance Bulletins

34 Temporary Worker Initiative Recordkeeping Bulletin Issued March 2014 Injuries/illnesses should be recorded on only one employer s log Recordkeeping responsibility is determined by who is supervising workers generally the host employer Host and staffing agency need to communicate when injuries occur and work together to prevent them from occurring again

35 Temporary Worker Initiative Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Bulletin Issued March 2015 PPE may include items such as gloves, safety glasses, earplugs or muffs, hard hats, respirators, or vests Both host employer and staffing agency are responsible for providing PPE and training Host employer usually has primary responsibility for selecting, providing and ensuring use of PPE Host and staffing agency must communicate, complete hazard assessment and provide PPE

36 SAFETY LEADERSHIP

37 Leading by Example Differential effects of transformational leadership facets on employee safety (Safety Science - Hoffmeister et al.)

38 Communicating Safety messages From top management Newsletters Slogans have a role, but rarely have lasting impact Content Technical is important Practical Designed for the audience Training

39 Conversations Matter Accidents waiting to happen, and yet are not discussed Get it done, justified by deadlines Incompetence, skill deficits Just this once, exceptions are ok Overboard, rule is considered excessive Are you a team player, peer pressure Silent Danger, Vital Smarts

40 Crucial Conversations How critical are your safety conversations? Do YOU know how to have them with your workers? Are you teaching your people how to have them?

41 2015 Fall Prevention Campaign

42 2015 National Safety Stand-down