AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT ON QUALITY OF CONSTRUCTION IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

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1 International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 9, Issue 11, November 2018, pp , Article ID: IJCIET_09_11_191 Available online at ISSN Print: and ISSN Online: IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT ON QUALITY OF CONSTRUCTION IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY Akshara Mahesh and Vidya D Avadhani Department of Management and Commerce, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences Mysuru, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham India. ABSTRACT TQM is a tool adopted by manufacturing companies in order to enhance overall quality of products and services in the production unit. The primary aim of this paper is to find out whether TQM has influence on quality of constructions. The production level was measured with components namely Integrity, Ethics, Recognition, and Trust. Likewise quality of construction measured, using inventory management, time management, supply chain management, and technology management. The sample size taken for is 25 construction companies. Data was collected through questionnaire. The results obtained showed that TQM practices influence quality enhancement of construction companies. Keywords: TQM, Quality of construction, Construction industry, quality enhancement Cite this Article: Akshara Mahesh and Vidya D Avadhani, An Empirical Study On The Influence Of Total Quality Management on Quality of Construction in Construction Industry, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 9(11), 2018, pp INTRODUCTION 1.1. Total Quality Management (Tqm) TQM is the overall effort of organization to improve services, products and processes. It is the ability to make continuous improvement in goods and services through proper feedback (Yusof & Aspinwall. 2000). TQM is concerned with overall organizational excellence in every activity it chooses as a task (Haupt & Whiteman. 2004). TQM mainly contains four elements: Integrity construction done with honesty to avoid certain catastrophic events, editor@iaeme.com

2 Akshara Mahesh and Vidya D Avadhani Ethics- philosophy of the companies regarding pricing, bid cutting etc, Recognition the ability to build up a good image in the society so as to attract clients, Trust building up of trust in goods, processes and services among the public (Wong & Fung. 1999).There are 8 primary elements of TQM : satisfaction of customer, involvement of employee, process thinking, system integration, systematic and strategic approach, unremitting approach, decision making and communication (Douglas & Judge Jr. 2001). TQM is a way of giving importance to goals, people and processes to ensure that right things are done at the right time as it helps in achieving the set standards and successful production activities. TQM helps in avoiding problems in construction industry such as workmanship, defects; cost as well as time overrun (Ali & Wen. 2011). It involves measuring, checking and testing all products which is done by specialized person, those products which are not as per standard are further improved and assures that the defects do not occur. Providing TQM in organizations will be helpful in increasing efficiency of an organization while responding to the environmental, organizational and customer needs (Ashok Kumar. 2014). There are six C s for successful implementation of TQM they are corporation, commitment, control, culture, continuous improvement and customer focus (Ahmed et al. 2003). TQM can have positive influence in work environment of the organization as it find ways to gather quality resources (Kazaz & Birgonul. 2005). Thus it can be advantageous for organizations as it saves money and time (Arditi & Gunaydin. 1997). TQM is beneficial for organization as it provides long term competency, improved productivity, effectiveness and efficiency of business (Low& Toe. 2004). 2. QUALITY ENHANCEMENT: Quality is one of the critical factors that determine the success of an organization by winning the clients from their competitors. It is an important factor for survival and customer satisfaction (Rethy, 2017). Quality of construction means exceeding or meeting the requirements of the clients by satisfying every aspect of specialization mentioned in the contract (Jha and Iyer. 2006). It can be by the way of completing within the stipulated time, adhering completely to the budget prepared, avoiding disputes and ensuring that the provided facilities are according to the requirements f clients (Heller). In construction industry there are certain factors which are to be considered for the quality of construction such as time management, inventory management, technology management and supply chain management (Rezaei & Baalousha. 2011). Inventory management is a disciplinary principle which has been followed for specifying the place and space of outputs. There are three important components related to inventory management that is to understand the requirement of the customers and demand of the products, purchase order tracking and having control over stock (Momani, 2000). Supply chain management determines the flow of goods and services in and out of organization, there the components which they consider are raw materials, work in progress and finished goods (Tan and Guang Lu. 1995). Time management means use of obtainable time properly in order to complete the work within the stipulated period of time Technology management- treatment of technology in the virtuous way to create competitive advantage in the market (Arditi & Gunaydin. 1999), as well for the purpose of forecasting and to create a roadmap to business success. Construction industry is one among the rising industry of our nation or world as a whole. It is an urban based industry that is concerned with building of real estate property. They also include the activity of renovation of existing buildings. Construction activities are supervised by design engineer, architect, and construction engineer as well as construction manager while project manager control the work. The other parties involved in this process are suppliers of material and equipments, subcontractors, regulatory agencies, owners etc. The editor@iaeme.com

3 An Empirical Study on The Influence of Total Quality Management on Quality of Construction in Construction Industry nature of products of construction industry is usually heavy, expensive and large they require wide geographic area and is done according to the desire of clients. Construction industry can be classified into three: - 1. Building Construction Industry: - construction of farm, residential, commercial industrial, or other buildings. 2. Heavy Construction Industry: construction of highways, flood control projects, bridges, railroads streets, irrigation projects, sewers and marine construction. 3. Special Trade Construction Industry: activities that includes projects such as plumbing, electrical work and painting. 3. NEED FOR THE STUDY Construction industries are witnessing escalation and development. It is necessary for them to meet the requirements of the clients by satisfying them in all aspects which can be said in a single term as quality of construction. Quality is what that attracts the general public to a particular company, the lack of which can negatively influence their business. With incredible stress from the market, competitors and changes in customer s desires, the construction firms are pressurized to enhance quality of their products and put into practice effective quality management scheme to continue to exist in the rivalry. Quality failures can lead to increase in cost and decrease in efficiency thereby disappointing their clients. Therefore it is necessary to know whether total quality management plays any role in quality enhancement of construction industry. 4. OBJECTIVES To examine the level of TQM in construction industries. To examine the level of quality enhancement in construction industries. 5. HYPOTHESIS There is no influence of TQM on quality of construction. 6. METHODOLOGY Questionnaire was the source through which data was collected; it was distributed among 25 construction companies. Five point scale scoring techniques ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree was used. Internet and other logs were referred to gather information Statistical tools such as Correlation, mean and Chi-square was also used. 7. ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION In the analysis, variables where divided as: - Dependent and Independent variable; quality of construction as dependent variable and TQM being independent variable editor@iaeme.com

4 Akshara Mahesh and Vidya D Avadhani 7.1. Level of TQM practices in selected Construction companies. N Table 1 Statistics TQM Valid 25 Missing 0 Mean Median Mode 54 Std. Deviation (Source: questionnaire) Interpretation: - The table discloses that the mean value acquired is and the standard deviation is which indicate that more than half of the Construction industry under this study has high level of TQM 7.2. Level of Quality of construction in Construction industry. N Table 2 Statistics QUALITY OF CONSTRUCTION Valid 25 Missing 0 Mean Median Mode 93 Std. Deviation (Source: questionnaire) Interpretation: -According to the table above quality of constructions in Construction industry has an average of and standard deviation of which show that selected few construction industries has high quality of construction Influence of TQM on quality of construction. H0: There is no influence of TQM on quality of construction. H1: There is influence of TQM on quality of construction editor@iaeme.com

5 An Empirical Study on The Influence of Total Quality Management on Quality of Construction in Construction Industry Table 3 TQM QUALITY OF CONSTRUCTION (Source: questionnaire) Correlations TQM QUALITY OF CONSTRUCTION Pearson Correlation ** Sig. (2-tailed).000 N Pearson Correlation.931 ** 1 Sig. (2-tailed).000 N Figure 1 Table 4 Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square a Likelihood Ratio Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases 25 (source: questionnaire) editor@iaeme.com

6 Akshara Mahesh and Vidya D Avadhani Interpretation: - From two tables it is clear that TQM has influence over quality of construction as the significance level is In view of the fact that the relation among TQM and quality of construction is 0.000, they are highly correlated. 8. CONCLUSION To conclude, the research observes the relation of TQM on quality of constructions. Findings of this research show that TQM has high influence on quality enhancement. TQM helps the construction industries to decrease time as well as cost and increase quality. In order to get economic benefit quality is a must. Construction companies must hold on to the belief of quality first, and be adamant regarding quality standards to provide quality, secure, appropriate, and economic products. Initially the construction companies believed that ISO 9000 series were enough for quality enhancement but later due to pressing issues like competition etc made them realize the importance of TQM. TQM can be successfully implemented in construction firms with the involvement of the entire organization. The construction professionals should be made aware of the benefits of TQM, it should also be included as a part of the studies related to construction, architecture and civil engineering. Implementation and execution of TQM will lead to overall quality enhancement of the industry. REFERENCES: [1] A.R Rezaei, T. Celik and Y. Baalousha. (2011). Performance measurement in a quality management system. Scientia Iranica, Vol.18, pp [2] A.H. Al-Momani.(2000). Examining service quality within construction processes. Technovation, Vol. 20, pp [3] Ahmed S.M, Sang L.P and Torbica Z.M (2003). Use of Quality Function Deployment in Civil Engineering Capital Project Planning. Journal of construction engineering and management/ July/August. [4] Ali, A.S. and Wen, K.H. (2011). Building defects: possible solutions for poor construction workmanship. Journal of Building Performance. 2(1). [5] Arditi, D. and Gunaydin, H. M. (1997). Total quality management in the construction process. International Journal of Project Management, 15(4), [6] Ashok kumar, D. (2014). Study of quality management in construction industry. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology. 3(1) [7] D. Arditi and H.M. Gunaydin. (1999). Total quality management in the construction process. International Journal of Project Management, Vol.15, pp [8] Douglas, T.J., Judge Jr., W.Q. (2001). Total Quality Management Implementation and Competitive Advantage: The Role of Structural Control and Exploration. Academy of Management Journal, Volume 44, Issue 1, pp [9] Ferguson, H. and Clayton, L. (1988). Quality in the Constructed Project: A Guideline for Owners, Designers and Constructors, Vol 1. ASCE, New York. [10] Haupt, T. C., and Whiteman, D. E. (2004). Inhibiting factors of implementing total quality management on construction sites. The TQM Magazine, 16(3), [11] Hellard, R. B. (1994). Total Quality in Construction Projects. Telford, London, UK. [12] Kazaz, A., and Birgonul, M. T. (2005). Determination of quality level in mass housing projects in Turkey. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 131(2), editor@iaeme.com

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