Projects. Terms, definitions and characteristics

Transcription

1 Projects Terms, definitions and characteristics

2 Project Planned work or task Executed under a time frame Involves costs and resources Create a committed product Comply with requirements

3 Previous work Gather information Education Experience Data interpretation

4 Previous work Pre-proposal Prospect and opportunity Opportunity assessment Proposal preparation Assessment Proposal planning Proposal development Development Project execution plan Proposal review Post-proposal Negotiation Proposal analysis

5 Assessment Project Client Competitors Strategy

6 SWOT analysis Strengths: Relative advantages Weaknesses: Relative disadvantages Opportunities: Elements in the environment that the project can exploit to its advantages Threats: Elements in the environment that might cause trouble for the project

7 Project baseline Contractual responsibility Schedule Cost Estimate Project risk Project execution plan

8 Gannt chart Activities displayed against time List of activities Suitable time scale Each activity represented by a bar The position and length of the bar reflect start/end dates

9 Gannt chart What various activities are When each activity begins and ends How long each activity is scheduled to last Where activities overlap with other activities The start and end date of the whole project

10 Ishikawa diagram AKA Fishbone diagram or Cause-and-Effect diagram Quality tool Summarizes major categories causing a problem

11 Ishikawa diagram 1) Define the problem 2) Brainstorm the major causes Methods, machines, people, materials, environment, etc. 3) Repeat brainstorming answering why it happens Make sub-branches

12 5-Whys Quality control tool Helps identify the root cause of a problem Determines the relationship between different causes Easy to complete without statistical methods 1. Write down the statement of the problem 2. Ask why the problem happens 3. Loop back four times (why, and why again)

13 5-Whys Quality control tool Helps identify the root cause of a problem Determines the relationship between different causes Easy to complete without statistical methods 1. Write down the statement of the problem 2. Ask why the problem happens 3. Loop back four times (why, and why again)

14 Business plan Once you have your project, you need to go further

15 What s a business plan? Written description of your business's future What you plan to do How you plan to do it Inherently strategic You re here and you re going to move there

16 Before writing the BP Determine the duration of your plan Determine your goals and objectives Outline your financing needs

17 Main elements Executive summary Business description Market strategies Competitive analysis Design and development plan Operations and management plan Financial factors

18 Executive summary Outline of the plan Tell the reader what you want Clearly state what you re asking for

19 Business description Short description of the industry Present outlook State of art Future possibilities Information about various markets Include products or developments that may affect you

20 Market strategies Market analysis Define the target market Analyze all aspects of the market How the company can be positioned

21 Competitive analysis Determine strengths and weaknesses Strategies that will provide you an advantage Barriers to prevent competition from entering your market Weaknesses to be exploited within the product development cycle

22 Design and development plan Provide investors with a description of the product s design Chart the product development Production Marketing Company Create a development budget

23 Operations and management Describe how the business works on a continuing basis Highlight the logistics of the organization Responsibilities Task assigned Capital and expense requirements