MANY STRONG VOICES: CC IMPACTS AND ADAPTATION IN THE ARCTIC AND SMALL ISLAND STATES MAY, Outline

Transcription

1 MANY STRONG VOICES: CC IMPACTS AND ADAPTATION IN THE ARCTIC AND SMALL ISLAND STATES MAY, 2007 ADAPTATION IN PRACTICE: THE CBDAMPIC PROJECT APPROACH Taito Nakalevu, SPREP Outline General Project Approach, process followed and snap-short of results Reflections relevant to Many Strong Voices 1

2 What is SPREP? Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme Intergovernmental organisation (IGO); Responsible for environmental matters in Pacific Islands region ; Consist of the SPREP Meeting (Governing Body) and the Secretariat; Members are the Governments and Administration of 21 Pacific Island countries and territories and four developed countries with direct interests in the Pacific Islands region. CBDAMPIC Climate Change is a threat to sustainable development and the very livelihood of the people in the Pacific. The Project approaches adaptation with the view that the local population need to be empowered to start addressing the adverse effects of climate change using local solutions, coupled with technologies available to increase their resilience. 2

3 PROJECT PURPOSE Increase the capacity of four PICs to improve their resilience to climate related risks at the: National and Community Level OUTCOMES 1. Climate change adaptation is mainstreamed into national, sectoral planning and budgeting processes. 2. Communities adaptive capacity to climate change related risks and vulnerabilities increased. 3

4 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS SPREP AND ENVIRONMENT DEPARTMENT National Climate Change Country Teams CV&A Reports and proposals for implementation - Core CV&A Team: - Agriculture - Fisheries - National Planning -NGOs etc. SPREP facilitate CV&A training of the Core Team CARRY OUT COMMUNITY LEVEL Community Vulnerability & Adaptation Assessment and Action Guideline A guideline (CV&A) was developed by SPREP in 2002 to guide this work at the 4 pilot sites. 4

5 For this guide: The starting point is not GCMs and RCMs. Primary source of data collection is the different social groups in the community. Chiefs Men and women Women and youth groups Church etc CV&A Guide The CV&A guideline consists of an anthology of activities that provides a learning process to empower local communities to identify, analyse, and develop ways and means of increasing their local adaptive capacity to current and future challenges and opportunities related to climate change. Experience and local knowledge (very important); Information exchange is encouraged (extraction only); Not a one-off visit..a start of an engagement; Information is returned to villagers (clarifications, further assessments undertaken 5

6 Climate change vulnerability approach Climate Science Future Vulnerability Document Current Exposure Assess Current Adaptive Capacity Assess Future Changes in Exposure Assess Future Adaptive Capacity Identify Modifications for Future Adaptive Capacity Current Vulnerability Social Science WHAT IS THE NATURE OF THE PROBLEM WE ARE DEALING WITH HERE! 6

7 Photo curtesy of DOE, Kiribati 2001 When the normal becomes abnormal Photo curtesy of Green Peace When the normal becomes abnormal King Tide Kiribati 7

8 Funafuti, Tuvalu with a popn of about 6,000 Cyclone Heta, Jan

9 9

10 FEBRUARY 2005 CYCLONES Coconut Palms - inundated Sea Level Rise or Tectonics 10

11 Number of disasters DISASTER TRENDS GLOBAL SCALE geophysical hydrometeorological epidemics, insect infestations Source: CRED RESULTS COOK ISLANDS PROJECT PILOT SITE ISLAND OF AITUTAKI 11

12 MAINSTREAMING NATIONAL LEVEL Increased awareness reporting to National Country Team representative of different sectors linking with other processes such as UNCOP, CCD, NBSAP, AIACC, CHARM, Climate & Weather of the Cooks, EIA, CLIMAP e.g. wharf, how long is it meant to last, how would it cope Water Resource Management 12

13 Pipeline & Consumer Types Community Action Water Tanks; Leak detection work carried out; Policies on water usage (bank loans, tourism sector) Education Awareness 13

14 RESULTS (Samoa) January 2003 August 2004 A Core V&A Team in Action U G

15 Complex Tenure Issues into the Future for PICs if nothing is done! A SILENT PROBLEM RESULTS 15

16 RESULTS (VANUATU) MAINSTREAMING EIA CC issues incorporated into EIA processes. - Guide to incorporate CC into EIA developed Caribbean and Pacific joint initiative with other stakeholders (2004) 16

17 Community V&A RESULTS Relocating a whole community Lateu (TORRES GROUP) FROM PLANNING TO IMPLEMENTATION 17

18 Important Questions How strong is current knowledge in this whole vulnerability and adaptation area in the Pacific? What new research questions need to be addressed? What major approaches have evolved in the area of CC assessments? Can community vulnerability and adaptation approach be internalised into broader integrated assessments? Reflections The CV&A process works but there is room for improvement. Although community consultation is a way of life in the Pacific, following a structured approach to such assessments is new, needs time and patience facilitator and community. Climate change community new? Level of assessments: academia/development Scratching the surface Detailed assessments of vulnerability still lacking 18

19 Reflections There is a need to strengthen the scientific assessments and how it can be incorporated into the community vulnerability assessment processes. {Historical data or models} This is to better inform the adaptation implementation options to be implemented. There is also a need to back-up qualitative participatory assessments with quantitative analysis of issues identified. Mainstreaming Community Results Regional Level Mainstreaming Pacific Plan Pacific Island Framework on CC POLICY Policy Level Mainstreaming National Strategic Development Policies/Plans Operational Level Mainstreaming TECHNICAL Sectoral Policies/plans Community Mainstreaming 19

20 Seminar- discuss CV&A results and mobilise relevant stakeholders for implementation.. Community Mobilisation Community Participation Mainstreaming Opportunities pursued under CBDAMPIC Agriculture Policy Field Operations Policy Level Mainstreaming Fisheries Policy Field Operations Operational Level Mainstreaming National Strategic Development Policies and Plans Policy Health Field Operations COMMUNITY 20

21 Reflections In a given community there are a combination of vulnerabilities present e.g. Coastal inundation, coastal erosion, increase in vector borne diseases, sanitation and lack of available water for consumption purposes were vulnerabilities faced by a community; This calls for a careful assessment of how to deal with vulnerability combos; Sectoral versus community specific V&As can they be integrated? Reflections Both have a place and a role to play in terms of broader national adaptation planning and direct implementation at community level. Synergy needs to be carefully analysed before implementation. 21

22 Reflections Community participation and consultation on any adaptation activity is critical. Engaging communities at the outset ensures ownership and sharing of resources. E.g. Saoluafata Sea Wall construction in Samoa. The people contributed about 68% of the total cost in way of materials and labour. Careful analysis of the V&A process ensure one conforms to the cultural norms without compromising the V&A process. Reflections GCM/RCM - oriented, expert-driven, approach to impact assessments was the main approach used during the Initial National Communication. Many countries in the Pacific during this time and still is today, have no capability or capacity to run RCMs. 22

23 Reflections PICs CC folks were introduced to CC modeling through the development of the VANDACLIM, PACCLIM, FIJICLIM etc. Due to various reasons which included capability of the model developed by certain institutions, PICs have very little faith for this tool (at the time) What options are there? CC Development overtime! Pacific Islands International Advocacy Support e.g. UNFCCC Enabling Activities PICCAP 1 st & 2 nd NATCOM Capacity building at the national level NEED MORE. Adaptation work at the community level MAINSTREAM!!! Increasing the resilience of development sectors e.g. coastal, water, agriculture... [PACC] Need to get things down to the grassroots level quickly.! 1990s

24 From me: VINAKA VAKALEVU AND FA A FETAI TELE LAVA 24