Energy management systems Requirements with guidance for use

Transcription

1 ISO 2009 All rights reserved ISO TC 242 Document type: International Standard Document subtype: Document stage: (30) Committee Document language: E Date: 2009/6/17 ISO/CD ISO PC 242 Secretariat: ANSI Energy management systems Requirements with guidance for use Warning This document is not an ISO International Standard. It is distributed for review and comment. It is subject to change without notice and may not be referred to as an International Standard. Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation. H:\cc50\Public\PC Energy Management\CD\Draft ISO_CD_50001 (E).doc STD Version 2.1c2

2 Copyright notice This ISO document is a committee draft and is copyright-protected by ISO. While the reproduction of committee drafts in any form for use by participants in the ISO standards development process is permitted without prior permission from ISO, neither this document nor any extract from it may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form for any other purpose without prior written permission from ISO. Requests for permission to reproduce this document for the purpose of selling it should be addressed as shown below or to ISO's member body in the country of the requester: Jason Knopes ANSI 25 W 43 rd St, New York, NY Tel jknopes@ansi.org Reproduction for sales purposes may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement. Violators may be prosecuted. ii ISO 2009 All rights reserved

3 Contents Foreword...v Introduction...vi 1 Scope Normative references Terms and definitions Energy management system requirements General requirements Management responsibility General Roles, responsibility and authority Energy policy Planning General Energy Profile Energy Baseline Energy performance indicators Legal and other requirements Objectives, targets and action plans Implementation and operation Competence, training and awareness Documentation Operational control Communication Design Purchasing energy services, goods and energy Checking performance Monitoring, measurement and analysis Evaluation of legal/other compliance Internal audit Nonconformities, corrective, preventive and improvement actions Control of records Review of the energy management system by top management Inputs to management review Outputs from management review...12 Annex A (informative) Guidance on the use of this International Standard...13 A.1 General requirements...13 A.2 Management responsibility...14 A.2.1 General...14 A.2.2 Roles, responsibility and authority...15 A.3 Energy Policy...16 A.4 Planning...16 A.4.1 General...16 A.4.2 Energy Profile...16 A.4.3 Energy Baseline...17 A.4.4 Energy performance indicators...18 A.4.5 Legal and other requirements...19 A.4.6 Objectives, targets and action plans...20 A.5 Implementation and operation...21 A.5.1 Competence, training and awareness...21 Page ISO 2009 All rights reserved iii

4 A.5.2 Documentation...22 A.5.3 Operational control...22 A.5.4 Communication...22 A.5.5 Design...23 A.5.6 Purchasing energy services, goods and energy...23 A.6 Checking performance...23 A.6.1 Monitoring, measurement and analysis...23 A.6.2 Evaluation of legal/other compliance...25 A.6.3 Internal audit...25 A.6.4 Nonconformity, corrective, preventive and improvement actions...26 A.6.5 Control of records...26 A.7 Review of the energy management system by top management...27 A.7.1 Inputs to management review...28 A.7.2 Outputs from management review...28 iv ISO 2009 All rights reserved

5 Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO was prepared by Project Committee ISO/PC 242, Energy management. ISO 2009 All rights reserved v

6 Introduction The purpose of this International Standard is to enable organizations to establish the systems and processes necessary to improve energy performance, including energy efficiency and intensity. The standard should lead to reductions in cost, greenhouse gas emissions and other environmental impacts, through systematic management of energy. It is applicable to all types and sizes of organizations irrespective of any geographical, cultural or social conditions. Successful implementation depends on commitment from all levels and functions of the organization, and especially from top management. This International Standard specifies requirements for an energy management system (EnMS) to develop and implement an energy policy, establish objectives, targets, and action plans, which take into account legal requirements and information pertaining to significant energy use. An energy management system enables an organization to achieve its policy commitments, take action as needed to improve its energy performance and demonstrate the conformity of the system to the requirements of this International Standard. Application of the standard can be tailored to fit the requirements of the organization, including complexity of the system, degree of documentation, and resources and applies to the activities under the control of an organization. This International Standard is based on the Plan-Do-Check-Act continual improvement framework and incorporates energy management into everyday organization practices. The basis of this approach is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 Energy Management System Model Global application of this standard will contribute to greater energy supply availability, enhanced competitiveness, and a positive impact on climate change. This standard considers all types of energy. Note 1 energy supply availability otherwise known as security of energy vi ISO 2009 All rights reserved

7 Note 2 energy includes renewable, non-renewable, recovered, etc. This International Standard can be used for certification/registration and/or self-declaration of an organization's energy management system. It does not establish absolute requirements for energy performance beyond the commitments in the energy policy of the organization and its obligation to comply with relevant legislation. Thus, two organizations carrying out similar operations but having different energy performance can both conform to its requirements. The organization may choose to integrate ISO with those of other management systems such as quality, environment, occupational health and safety or social responsibility. ISO 2009 All rights reserved vii

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9 COMMITTEE DRAFT ISO/CD Energy management systems Requirements with guidance for use 1 Scope This International Standard specifies requirements for an organization to establish, implement, maintain, and improve an energy management system, which enables an organization to take a systematic approach in order to achieve continual improvement of energy performance, energy efficiency, and energy conservation. An energy management system addresses: energy supply; measurement, documentation, and reporting of energy use; and procurement and design practices for energy-using equipment, systems, and processes. It does not itself state specific performance criteria with respect to energy. The standard applies to all factors affecting energy use that can be monitored and influenced by the organization. This standard for energy management systems has been designed to be used independently but can be aligned or integrated with other management systems. This standard applies to all organizations. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. To be completed later. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 action plan activities with defined responsibilities and a beginning and end, 3.2 boundaries physical or site limits and/or organizational limits as defined by the organization NOTE Examples include a process, a group of processes, a plant, an entire organization or multiple sites from an organization. 3.3 energy management system EnMS set of interrelated or interacting elements of an organization to establish energy policy and objectives and to achieve those objectives 3.4 energy policy overall intentions and direction of an organization related to its energy performance as formally expressed by top management that provides a framework for action ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1

10 3.5 energy electricity, fuel, steam, heat, compressed air, renewables and other like media NOTE For the purpose of this standard, energy refers to the various forms of primary or secondary energy which can be purchased, stored, treated or used in equipment or in a process 3.6 energy use manner or kind of application of energy NOTE 1 NOTE 2 Examples are ventilation, heating, processes, production lines. The quantity of the energy applied is expressed as energy consumption. 3.7 energy baseline quantitative reference providing a basis for comparison of energy performance 3.8 energy efficiency engineering accepted use of the term by the organization NOTE Examples are conversion efficiency, energy required/energy used, output/input, theoretical energy used to operate/energy used to operate. 3.9 energy performance measurable results related to energy NOTE Examples are as follows; energy efficiency (defined in 3.8), energy intensity (the inverse of energy efficiency), specific energy use, energy consumption (energy use divided by product or other appropriate variable etc.) energy profile status of the organization s energy performance 3.11 continual improvement recurrent activity to enhance energy performance and the energy management system NOTE 1 The process of establishing objectives and finding opportunities for improvement is a continual process. Continual improvement can achieve improvements in overall energy performance, consistent with the organization s energy policy. NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO 9000:2005, definition energy performance indicator EnPI quantitative index of energy performance as defined by the organization NOTE Quantifying the amount of energy used or saved per normalized unit of appropriate variable. 2 ISO 2009 All rights reserved

11 3.13 nonconformity non-fulfillment of a requirement [ISO 9000:2005, definition 3.6.2] 3.14 objective desired outcome or achievement set to meet the organization's policy related to energy NOTE The term goal may be used in some organizations organization company, corporation, firm, enterprise, authority or institution, or part or combination thereof, whether incorporated or not, public or private, that has its own functions and administration and that has the authority to control its energy use and consumption procedure specified way to carry out an activity or a process NOTE 1 Procedures can be documented or not. NOTE 2 When a procedure is documented, the term written procedure or documented procedure is frequently used. The document that contains a procedure can be called a "procedure document. [ISO 9000:2005, definition 3.4.5] 3.17 significant energy use energy use accounting for substantial energy consumption and/or offering considerable potential for energy performance improvement NOTE Significance criteria are determined by the organization target measurable performance requirement to be set and met to achieve part or all of an objective 3.19 document information and its support medium NOTE 1 The medium can be paper, magnetic, electronic or optical computer disc, photograph or master sample or a combination thereof. NOTE 2 A set of documents, for example specifications and records, is frequently called "documentation." NOTE 3 Some requirements (e.g. the requirements to be readable) relate to all types of documents, however, there can be different requirements for specifications (e.g. the requirements to be revision controlled) and records (e.g. the requirement to be retrievable). [ISO 9000:2005, definition 3.7.2] 3.20 record document stating results achieved or providing evidence of activities performed ISO 2009 All rights reserved 3

12 NOTE 1 Records can be used, for example, to document traceability and to provide evidence of verification, preventive action and corrective action. [ISO 9000:2005, definition 3.7.6] 3.21 top management person or group of people who directs or controls an organization at the highest level NOTE Top management controls the organization defined within the scope of the management system for energy. [ISO 9000:2005, definition 3.2.7] 3.22 corrective action action to eliminate the cause of a detected nonconformity or other undesirable situation NOTE There can be more than one cause for a nonconformity preventive action action to eliminate the cause of a potential nonconformity or other undesirable potential situation NOTE 1 There can be more than one cause for a potential nonconformity. NOTE 2 Preventive action is taken to prevent occurrence whereas corrective action is taken to prevent recurrence team person or person(s) responsible for effective implementation of the energy management system activities and delivering energy performance improvements NOTE The size and nature of the organization, and available resources, will determine the size of the team. The team may be one person, such as the management representative. 4 Energy management system requirements 4.1 General requirements The organization shall a) establish, document, implement, and maintain an energy management system (EnMS) in accordance with the requirements of this standard; b) define and document the scope and boundaries of its EnMS; and c) determine and document how it will meet the requirements of this standard in order to achieve continual improvement of its energy performance and of its EnMS. 4.2 Management responsibility General Top management shall demonstrate its commitment and support to the EnMS and to continually improve its effectiveness by: a) establishing, implementing, and maintaining the energy policy, 4 ISO 2009 All rights reserved

13 b) providing the resources needed to establish, implement, maintain and improve the energy management system, c) appointing a management representative and approving any additional members of the energy management system team, d) identifying the scope and boundaries to be addressed by the Energy management system, e) communicating to the organization the importance of energy management, f) ensuring energy performance targets and objectives are established and met, g) determining criteria and methods needed to ensure that both the operation and control of energy management system are effective, h) including energy considerations in long-term planning, if applicable, i) ensuring that results are measured and reported, and j) conducting management reviews Roles, responsibility and authority Top management shall appoint a management representative with the appropriate skills and training, and the responsibility and authority to: a) ensure the energy management system is established, implemented and maintained in accordance with this International Standard; b) report to top management on the performance of the energy management system; c) report to top management on improvements in energy performance; d) identify person(s), authorized by an appropriate level of management, to work with him or her in support of energy management activities; e) plan and direct energy management activities designed to support the organization s energy policy; f) define and communicate responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective energy management. 4.3 Energy policy The energy policy shall state the organization's commitment for achieving improved energy performance. Top management shall ensure that the energy policy: a) defines and documents the scope and boundaries of the energy management system; b) is appropriate to the nature and scale of, and impact on, the organization's energy use; c) includes a commitment to continual improvement in energy performance; d) includes a commitment to ensure the availability of information and of all necessary resources to achieve objectives and targets; e) includes a commitment to comply with all applicable legal and other requirements; f) provides the framework for setting and reviewing energy objectives and targets; ISO 2009 All rights reserved 5

14 g) supports the purchase of energy efficient products and services; h) is documented, communicated, and understood within the organization, and i) is regularly reviewed and updated; 4.4 Planning General The organization shall establish energy planning that addresses the: a) Energy Profile b) Energy Baseline c) Energy Performance Indicators d) Legal and other requirements e) Objectives, Targets, and Action Plans Energy Profile The organization shall develop, maintain, and record an energy profile. The methodology and criteria used to develop the energy profile shall be documented. To develop the energy profile, the organization shall: a) Analyze energy use based on measurement and other data - identify current and potential energy sources - evaluate past and present energy use - estimate future energy use b) Based on energy use analysis, identify the areas of significant energy use - identify the facilities, equipment, systems, processes and personnel working for or on behalf of the organization that significantly affect energy use; - identify other relevant variables affecting energy use; - determine the current performance of facilities, equipment, systems, and processes related to identified significant energy uses c) Identify and prioritize opportunities for improving energy performance, including use of renewable or alternative energy sources, where applicable The energy profile shall be updated at defined intervals and in response to major changes in facilities, equipment, systems, or processes Energy Baseline The energy baseline shall be established using the information in the initial energy profile considering a minimum of 12 months of data. Changes in energy performance shall be measured against the energy baseline. Adjustments to the baseline shall be made when Energy Performance Indicators (EnPIs) no longer reflect organizational energy use; there have been major changes to the process, operational patterns, or energy systems; or according to a predetermined method. 6 ISO 2009 All rights reserved

15 The energy baseline shall be recorded Energy performance indicators The organization shall identify EnPIs to be used to determine energy performance and to subsequently evaluate progress towards objectives and targets. The method(s) used for definition and update of the EnPIs shall be recorded. EnPIs shall be reviewed and compared to the energy baseline on a regular basis Legal and other requirements The organization shall identify and have access to the applicable legal requirements and other requirements to which the organization subscribes related to its energy uses. The organization shall determine how these requirements apply to its energy uses and shall ensure that these legal and other requirements to which the organization subscribes are taken into account in the energy management system Objectives, targets and action plans The organization shall establish, implement and maintain documented energy objectives and targets at the relevant functions, levels, processes or facilities within the organization. The energy objectives and target(s) shall be measurable and a time frame set for achievement. The objectives and targets shall be consistent with the energy policy, including commitments to improvement in energy performance and to comply with applicable legal obligations and other requirements to which the organization subscribes. When establishing objectives and targets, the organization shall consider the significant energy uses identified in the energy profile as well as its financial, operational and business conditions, legal requirements, technological options, the views of potentially affected parties and opportunities to improve energy performance. The organization shall establish and maintain energy management action plans for achieving its objectives and targets. The energy management action plans shall include: a) designation of responsibility; b) the means and time frame by which individual targets are to be achieved; and c) a statement of the method by which improvement in energy performance will be verified The energy management action plans shall be documented, and updated at defined intervals. 4.5 Implementation and operation Competence, training and awareness The organization shall ensure that any person or person(s) working for, or on its behalf related to significant energy uses are competent on the basis of appropriate education, training, skills or experience. The organization shall identify training needs associated with the control of its significant energy uses and the operation of its energy management system. It shall provide training or take other action to meet these needs. Associated records shall be maintained. The organization shall ensure that persons working for or on its behalf are and remain aware of: ISO 2009 All rights reserved 7

16 a) the importance of conformity with the energy policy, procedures and with the requirements of the EnMS, b) their roles, responsibilities and authorities in achieving the requirements of the EnMS, and c) the benefits of improved energy performance, d) any significant energy uses associated with their work, and the potential consequences of departure from specified procedures, Documentation Documentation requirements The organization shall establish, implement and maintain information, in paper or electronic form, to describe the core elements of the EnMS and their interaction. The EnMS documentation should include: a) the energy policy; b) energy objectives, targets, and action plans; c) plans for achieving the energy objectives and targets; d) documents and records required by this International Standard,; and;, e) documents and records determined by the organization to be necessary to ensure the effective planning, operation and control of processes and equipment related to its identified significant energy uses. NOTE The degree of documentation can vary for different organizations for the following reasons: a) Scale of the organization and type of activities b) Complexity of the processes and their interactions c) Competence of personnel Control of documents Documents required by the EnMS shall be controlled. This includes technical documentation where appropriate. The organization shall establish, implement and maintain procedures to: a) approve documents for adequacy prior to use; b) periodically review and update as necessary; c) ensure that changes and current revision status of documents are identified; d) ensure that current versions of applicable documents are available at in locations where operations important to the effective implementation of the EnMS are ongoing; e) ensure that documents remain legible and readily identifiable; f) ensure documents of external origin determined by the organization to be necessary for the planning and operation of the EnMS are identified and their distribution controlled; 8 ISO 2009 All rights reserved

17 g) prevent the unintended use of obsolete documents, and apply suitable identification to them if they are retained for any purpose Operational control The organization shall identify and plan those operations that are associated with those significant energy uses and that are consistent with its energy policy, objectives and targets, in order to ensure that they are carried out under specified conditions, by: a) establishing and setting criteria for the effective operation and maintenance of significant energy uses or where the absence could lead to a significant deviation from effective energy performance b) operating and maintaining equipment, processes and systems in accordance with operational criteria. c) appropriate communication of the operational controls to personnel working for and personnel working on behalf of the organization Communication The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a procedure(s) for communicating internally with regard to its energy performance as appropriate to the size of the organization The organization should ensure awareness, understanding, commitment and participation that personnel at all levels within the organization are encouraged to and have a process to make proposals for improvements, and submit relevant comments on the EnMS. The organization shall decide whether to communicate externally about its energy management system and energy performance, and shall document its decision. If the decision is to communicate externally, the organization shall establish and implement a method for this external communication Design The organization shall consider energy performance improvement opportunities in the design, modification and renovation of significant energy consuming facilities, equipment, systems and processes. Energy performance evaluation results shall be incorporated into the specification, design and procurement activities of the relevant project Following project completion the energy profile shall be assessed and updated All elements of this activity shall be recorded Purchasing energy services, goods and energy Purchasing of energy services and goods When purchasing energy services, products, and equipment that have a significant energy use, the organization should inform suppliers that purchasing is partly evaluated on the basis of energy efficiency. The organization should make allowance for contingency issues where this relates to the purchasing or renting of energy services, products and equipment with significant energy use. The organization shall establish and maintain procedures for assessing the energy use over the planned or expected operating lifetime of energy using equipment and services prior to purchase Purchasing of energy The organization may define energy purchasing specifications as applicable. The following items may be considered: ISO 2009 All rights reserved 9

18 a) energy quality, b) availability, c) capacity, d) variation over specified time, e) billing parameters, cost f) environmental impact, and g) renewability h) other NOTE The applicability of this section may vary from market to market. It is recommended that the energy management personnel and energy purchasing personnel collaborate to maximize energy performance improvements. 4.6 Checking performance Monitoring, measurement and analysis The organization shall ensure that the key characteristics of its operations that determine energy performance are monitored, measured and analyzed. Key characteristics shall include at a minimum: a) the energy profile, b) significant energy uses and c) effectiveness of the action plans in achieving objectives and targets. The results from monitoring and measurement of the key characteristics shall be recorded. The organization shall ensure that the equipment used in monitoring and measuring of key characteristics provides data which is accurate and repeatable. Records of calibration shall be maintained. Results of these activities shall be maintained Evaluation of legal/other compliance At planned intervals, the organization shall evaluate compliance with legal and other requirements to which the organization subscribes that are relevant to the scope of the Energy Management System (EnMS). Records of the results of the evaluations of compliance shall be maintained Internal audit At planned intervals, the organization shall carry out an internal audit to ensure that the Energy Management System (EnMS): conforms to planned arrangements for energy management including the requirements of this international standard. is effectively implemented and maintained. 10 ISO 2009 All rights reserved

19 An audit plan and schedule shall be developed taking into consideration the status and importance of the processes and areas to be audited as well as the results of previous audits. The selection of auditors and conduct of audits shall ensure objectivity and the impartiality of the audit process. Records of the audit results shall be maintained Nonconformities, corrective, preventive and improvement actions Nonconformities The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a procedure(s) for dealing with actual and potential nonconformity(ies) and for taking corrective action and preventive action Corrective and preventive action A process shall be established to define requirements for the corrective and preventive action of the Energy Management System (EnMS). This shall include: a) Reviewing nonconformities or potential nonconformities b) Determining the causes of nonconformities or potential nonconformities c) Evaluating the need for action to ensure that nonconformities do not occur or reoccur d) Determining and implementing the appropriate action needed e) Reviewing the effectiveness of the action taken Corrective actions and preventive actions shall be appropriate to the magnitude of the actual or potential problems and the energy consequences encountered. The organization shall ensure that any necessary changes are made to the energy management system documentation. Records of corrective and preventive actions shall be maintained Control of records The organization shall establish and maintain records as necessary to demonstrate conformity to the requirements of its energy management system and the energy performance results achieved. Records shall be and remain legible, identifiable and traceable to the relevant activity, product or service for the established retention period. 4.7 Review of the energy management system by top management At planned intervals top management shall review the performance of the organization s energy management system to ensure its continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness. Records of management review shall be maintained Inputs to management review Inputs to the management review shall include: a) follow-up actions from previous management reviews; b) review of the energy policy; ISO 2009 All rights reserved 11

20 c) review of energy performance; d) evaluation of legal compliance and changes in legal obligations and other requirements to which the organization subscribes; e) the extent to which the energy objectives and targets have been met; f) energy management system audit results; g) status of corrective and preventive actions; h) projected energy performance for the following period, as appropriate; i) recommendations for improvement Outputs from management review Outputs from the management review shall include any decisions or actions related to: a) the improvement in the energy performance of the organization since the last review; b) changes to the energy policy; c) changes to objectives, targets or other elements of the energy management system, consistent with the organization s commitment to continual improvement; d) allocation of resources 12 ISO 2009 All rights reserved

21 Annex A (informative) A.1 General requirements Guidance on the use of this International Standard The additional text given in this annex is strictly informative and is intended to prevent misinterpretation of the requirements contained in Clause 4 of this International Standard. While this information addresses and is consistent with the requirements of Clause 4, it is not intended to add to, subtract from, or in any way modify these requirements. The implementation of an energy management system specified by this International Standard is intended to result in improved energy performance. Therefore this lnternational Standard is based on the premise that the organization will periodically review and evaluate its energy management system to identify opportunities for improvement and their implementation. The rate, extent and timescale of this continual improvement process are determined by the organization in the light of economic and other circumstances. Improvements in its energy management system are intended to result in further improvements in energy performance. This standard requires the organization to: a) establish an appropriate energy policy; b) identify the significant energy uses arising from the organization's activities; c) identify applicable legal requirements and other requirements to which the organization subscribes; d) identify priorities and set appropriate energy objectives and targets; e) establish a relevant structure and programme(s) to implement the policy and achieve objectives and meet targets; f) facilitate planning, control, monitoring, preventive and corrective actions, auditing and review activities to ensure both that the policy is complied with and that the energy management system remains appropriate. The organization should identify and select the energy-related areas which should be managed by the organization. That identification and selection should conform with the purpose of this management system. Also the organization should identify and select the appropriate management methods of the identified and selected energy-related areas and activities which should be conform with the purpose of this management system. As shown in the below figure, energy performance is a broad term which includes energy efficiency, energy intensity, energy consumption specific energy use and so on. Energy efficiency is a basic concept of energy performance. ISO 2009 All rights reserved 13

22 A.2 Management responsibility Figure A.1 Concept of energy performance Top management sets the direction for an organization by defining objectives, targets and setting the vision. In order for an organization to successfully implement a management system, it is imperative that persons at the highest level be committed to and responsible for it. Depending on the nature of how the organization is structured; a range of individuals could qualify as top management. Top management should be someone responsible for making decisions about the organization s future direction and vision and with the authority to set organizational priorities. Top management should ensure appropriate resources necessary for the management system are provided. It is important that the key energy management system roles, responsibilities, authorities and accountabilities are well defined and communicated to all persons working for or on behalf of the organization. As the management system develops over time, energy data should be provided to more levels within the organization. This development over time allows the energy management system to be effectively managed at the operator level through the energy performance indicators. A.2.1 General Top management may appoint an energy management representative from a higher management level, including top management to direct energy management activities from the viewpoint of management. Top management s commitment to the management system for energy and its continual improvement should demonstrate: a) Direct involvement and guidance in establishing the organization s energy policy and ensuring consistency and synergy with other relevant organizational policies. b) The provision of adequate resources to implement and operate the management system for energy. Resources include human resources, technical skills and technology, specialized skills, planning, financial resources and outsourced energy services. c) The appointment of a management representative for the energy management system with adequate expertise, skills, training and authority to implement the EnMS d) The identification of the scope and boundaries of the EnMS. e) Providing sufficient guidance and supervision to ensure that the EnMS is successfully put in practice, through objectives and targets and related action plans, definition of operating and control methods, periodic verification and review of performance; and that energy management is understood by all persons working for or on behalf of the organization. Inclusion of energy management in an organization s strategic or long term planning process is also an indicator of top management s commitment. While it is acknowledged that not all organizations have existing 14 ISO 2009 All rights reserved

23 capacity to undertake strategic or long term planning, organizations with or aiming at introducing a strategic or long term planning process should consider including energy management. Information should flow in both directions between strategic planning and energy management. Energy management planning should embrace the organization s strategic objectives and, likewise, the results of energy management planning should be important inputs to the strategic plan. Financial information, legal considerations, design guidelines, energy resources, and technology choices can reinforce the connection between these two areas. Similarly, during management review, energy management and energy performance can be compared to the organization s strategic plan. Depending on the size, complexity and normal business practice of the organization, the scope and boundaries of the EnMS, the management representative might be given the responsibility to form an EnMS team. The energy management system team could include, as appropriate, representatives from functional areas dealing with the selection, procurement, consumption, reliability, disposal and environmental impacts of fuels, and energy systems. Representative areas may include but are not limited to: purchasing, accounting, engineering, design, production, maintenance, facilities management, environmental, and external service providers, as appropriate. Energy The energy management system team should: identify the facilities, equipment, processes and personnel working for or on behalf of the organization that significantly affect energy consumption and demand, significant energy uses and cost; identify other relevant variables affecting energy consumption; establish energy performance indicators; record the method(s) for identifying these significant energy uses; review the identified significant energy uses on a regular basis; modify the list of significant energy uses as operational and facility changes occur; and identify and prioritize opportunities for improving energy performance. The members of EnMS team should have: a) the skill through appropriate experience of more than one year; b) appropriate training or qualification related to energy management; c) knowledge of theories for improving energy management system; and d) a central role in promoting energy efficiency in the field. A.2.2 Roles, responsibility and authority It is critically important for the successful implementation of the energy management system that the key roles, responsibilities, authorities and accountabilities are well defined and communicated to all persons working for or on behalf of the organization. Roles, responsibilities and authority are typically defined through organizational charts, job descriptions, procedures, work instructions or training. Depending on the organizational structure and management system scope, the energy management representative, to be appointed by the top management, may work alone or with the support of a team that represents and support activities of the EnMS within the organization. The term management representative is not always meant to represent a specific positional title, but to reflect the core activities of the position; namely, management and coordination of the EnMS across the functional areas of the organization and reporting to top management on system and energy performance. ISO 2009 All rights reserved 15

24 A.3 Energy Policy The energy policy is top management s official statement of the organization s commitments to energy management. The policy contains at a minimum the four required commitments of continual improvement, availability of information, necessary resources to achieve the objectives and targets established by the organization and to comply with the legal and other requirements that apply to the organization. The energy policy drives the implementation, continual improvement of the organization s energy management system and energy performance. The policy is provided to the employees of an organization as well as to those who work on behalf of the organization. Therefore, it should be simple, clear, and represent the organization s intentions relating to energy management. If there are other policies in place within the organization, the energy policy may be combined into one of them or it could be maintained as a separate policy. Where the organization operates at several locations, the policy may be limited to include the activities at only some of those locations. This should be explicitly stated in the energy policy. Within the parts of the organization covered, the policy should indicate significant energy uses, processes and activities to which it applies. An energy policy should: commit the organization to address the products, processes and other activities which affect the significant energy uses, i.e. the areas which account for the highest energy consumption or which offer the most considerable potential for energy savings; commit the organization to continual improvement of its energy performance. This means that the policy forms the framework for setting energy objectives and targets and regularly reviewing them; commit the organization to adhere to applicable laws, regulations and other agreements which are relevant to or affect the energy use of the organization. The policy may include additional commitments such as alternative energy sources, reduced energy-related environmental impacts and renewable energy. The policy may be a brief statement that members of the organization can readily understand and apply to their work activities. A.4 Planning A.4.1 General No guidance at this time A.4.2 Energy Profile The purpose of developing an energy profile of the organization is to understand the areas of significant energy consumption, i.e. the buildings, equipment and processes which account for the greatest energy use or which offer the most potential for energy savings and the drivers for this energy consumption. The drivers can be areas such as production volumes, weather, occupancy, floor area, etc. The identification of the energy profile is critical in understanding where energy is used within the organization and forms the basis for prioritizing the efforts to reduce energy consumption. The organization that intends to implement an energy management system should start by establishing its current position with regard to energy consumption by means of an initial review of its energy use. This is the fundamental cornerstone for establishing and maintaining an energy management system that is tailored to the organization's energy use. a) Analyze energy use based on measurement and other data 1. How much energy the organization is consuming and its trends, changes, anomalies, etc. 16 ISO 2009 All rights reserved

25 2. Estimate how much energy will be consumed in the coming period, typically the next financial budget period. 3. Examine where energy is currently being sourced which will typically be a local utility company and examine other potential sources including e.g. internal waste heat. b) Based on energy use analysis, identify the areas of significant energy use 1. Where the energy is being used, i.e. what are the significant consumers? 2. What is driving the energy use? This is often difficult to determine but is very important. 3. Which people have significant impact on energy use and identifies their relevant training needs. c) Identify and prioritize opportunities for improving energy performance, including use of renewable or alternative energy sources, where applicable. 1. Identify energy reduction opportunities by a variety of means, e.g. analysis of the data from (a) and (b) above, energy audits and studies, examination of EnPIs, energy housekeeping checks, etc. If no opportunities are found for significant energy users, it might be advisable to conduct a focused examination of that user. 2. Prioritize the known opportunities based on the organizations normal work and investment prioritization criteria. 3. It may be relevant to examine the technical and financial costs and benefits of renewable or alternative energy sources such as biomass, solar, wind, co-generation, etc. The organization's energy use will change on an ongoing basis due to plant changes such as new buildings or equipment, energy performance changes, changes of personnel, etc. Organizations will typically update the energy profile on a regular basis, e.g. annually or when a significant change occurs. A.4.3 Energy Baseline Many organizations experience seasonal variations in output and environmental factors, so at least one year of data should be used to generate the profile. The initial profile (energy baseline) serves as the starting point against which future improvements are measured. Significant organizational changes that affect the validity of the EnPIs may be reasons to adjust (change) the baseline. These may include changes in: a) product mix; b) production levels; c) operating schedule; d) facility infrastructure; e) equipment and systems; f) new energy resources; or g) legal or regulatory requirements. As an example, a major building addition to a school, hospital, manufacturing plant, or office building that is functionally different than the existing buildings would affect total energy consumption and impact the EnPI. Positive organizational energy performance is demonstrated by decreasing energy intensity which is reflected in a downward trend in the EnPIs ISO 2009 All rights reserved 17

26 It may be as simple as comparing the current year's consumption with the previous year. In this case the baseline will move annually. Some organizations may choose to update more frequently, e.g. by monitoring annual energy use on a monthly basis and moving the baseline monthly. The EnPIs and baseline should be generated using as long period of relevant data as possible, and when generated using more than one year of data the baseline may be adjusted (changed) to be replaced with the new EnPI. Before the adjustment of baseline the improvements of EnPIs against the old baseline should be recorded, and the records the EnPIs improvement for the predetermined period (preferably about five years) should be preserved to evaluate the trend of EnPIs. A.4.4 Energy performance indicators EnPIs are a quantitative index of energy performance as defined by the organization. The concept of an EnPI can be used to compare organizational performance at different points in time. They should be selected to facilitate monitoring of performance especially in the significant energy uses identified in energy profiling. Methods for defining EnPI will vary depending on the organization s operations and complexity. Some may be focused on understanding data and EnPIs and another may be focused on analysis. In all cases the EnPI should be easy to understand which will aid its usefulness for sharing information and improving motivation to make improvements. Examples include: 1. Comparison of annual energy use with targeted use. 2. Energy consumption divided by production, which is a type of specific energy consumption may be used. 3. In some cases, normalized energy consumption can be used, where normalizing factors may be production amount, actual seasonal temperature, length of service time, and so on. Methods for normalization may vary such as linear compensation, or a theoretical calculation. This type of EnPI is useful for explaining the change of EnPI figure resulting from factors outside of the improvement actions. 4. When the organization chooses EnPIs whose variables are not being measured, a measurement plan should be developed and implemented. After a reliable time interval of measurement, the results should become part of the energy baseline. 5. Statistical tools can be utilized to measure the correlation of potential variables effect on the EnPI. Typical variables may include weather conditions, occupancy, raw material or energy resource quality, and others. 6. EnPIs can be made relevant for different functions and levels in the organization. For top management, EnPIs are typically translated to relate cost impacts and to support strategic goals. 7. Trends in the EnPI should demonstrate continual improvement of the energy performance of the organization. 8. Consideration of EnPI trends that show poor performance may be included in the preventive action process. In some circumstances it is useful to set sectoral benchmarking as an EnPI to assess the organization's efforts and level of energy performance. This is useful only if sectoral benchmarking data is available. Sectoral benchmarking is effective specifically for certain sub-sectors initially in energy intensive industries, such as iron and steel, cement, and electricity suppliers. Indicators are determined to enable organizations to benchmark the levels of energy efficiency against others within the same sub-sector. Targets can be set at the energy efficiency level of the best performing organizations (top 10 to 20%) in each sub-sector ( Average value Standard deviation ). In addition, sub-sectors, benchmarking indicators, and targets (levels to be 18 ISO 2009 All rights reserved